Aged ; Angina, Unstable ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Capsules ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy

This study is to investigate the effect and mechanism of puerarin on DNA damage of HaCaT cells induced by UVB. Puerarin pre-treated cells were irradiated with UVB at 30 mJ x cm(-2). Twenty four hours after irradiation, DNA damage was detected by comet assay, ceramide was measured by thin layer chromatography and gas chromatography, intracellular free calcium ion was analyzed by flow cytometry, the phosphorylation level of p38 protein was examined by Western blotting method. Levels of DNA damage, ceramide, free calcium ion and p-p38 protein were elevated in UVB model cells. Contrary to the model group, all indicators above were reduced in all groups pre-treated by puerarin. Puerarin restrains the ceramide accumulation to block downstream p38 MAPK pathway and calcium ion rising, therefore reduces DNA damage in HaCaT cells induced by UVB.
Calcium ; metabolism ; Cell Line ; Ceramides ; metabolism ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Down-Regulation ; Humans ; Isoflavones ; pharmacology ; Keratinocytes ; cytology ; metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Ultraviolet Rays ; adverse effects ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism

This paper is aimed to study the bioavailability and bioequivalence of Cyclosporin Soft Capsules (test preparation and reference preparation) in Chinese healthy volunteers. A high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) method for determining the concentration of Cyclosporin A in human whole blood was developed and methodological validated. In accordance with the randomized two-period self crossover study, 24 volunteers received a single oral dose of 400 mg of test preparation or reference preparation. Multiple blood samples were collected post dose and then the concentration of Cyclosporin A in human whole blood samples was determined using the validated assay. The pharmacokinetic parameters including AUC0-t, Cmax, Tmax, and T1/2 were calculated using the non-compartmental method. The bioequivalence of the two preparations was evaluated. After receiving single dose of 400 mg of Cyclosporine A, the pharmacokinetic parameters of T1/2, Cmax, Tmax, and AUC0-t, of Cyclosporin A were (10.114 +/- 6.329) h and (9.717 +/- 4.076) h, (2021.235 +/- 298.581) ng x ml(-1) and (1992.192 +/- 1286.923) ng x ml(-1) (1.729 +/- 0.361) h and (1.813 +/- 0.323) h, (9824.811 +/- 1633.026) ng x h x ml(-1) and (10316.514 +/- 1395.955) ng x h x ml(-1) for test preparation and reference preparation, respectively. The statistical results suggested that these parameters were comparable between the two preparations. The results showed that the test preparation was bioequivalent with the reference preparation in healthy volunteers.
Area Under Curve ; Biological Availability ; Capsules ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Cross-Over Studies ; Cyclosporine ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Therapeutic Equivalency

Cells sense various in vivo mechanical stimuli, which initiate downstream signaling to mechanical forces. While a body of evidences is presented on the impact of limited mechanical regulators in past decades, the mechanisms how biomechanical responses globally affect cell function need to be addressed. Complexity and diversity of in vivo mechanical clues present distinct patterns of shear flow, tensile stretch, or mechanical compression with various parametric combination of its magnitude, duration, or frequency. Thus, it is required to understand, from the viewpoint of mechanobiology, what mechanical features of cells are, why mechanical properties are different among distinct cell types, and how forces are transduced to downstream biochemical signals. Meanwhile, those in vitro isolated mechanical stimuli are usually coupled together in vivo, suggesting that the different factors that are in effect individually could be canceled out or orchestrated with each other. Evidently, omics analysis, a powerful tool in the field of system biology, is advantageous to combine with mechanobiology and then to map the full-set of mechanically sensitive proteins and transcripts encoded by its genome. This new emerging field, namely mechanomics, makes it possible to elucidate the global responses under systematically-varied mechanical stimuli. This review discusses the current advances in the related fields of mechanomics and elaborates how cells sense external forces and activate the biological responses.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Mechanotransduction, Cellular ; Models, Biological ; Proteome ; genetics ; metabolism ; Stress, Physiological ; Transcriptome

The present research was aimed to develop a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to determine oxaprozin in plasma and to evaluate the bioavailability of two oxaprozin enteric coated tablets. A C18 column was used to separate the plasma after protein precipitation and the mobile phase was methanol-12. 5mmol/L ammonium acetate buffer solution (pH=3.0)(71:29). The calibration curve was linear in the concentration range of 0. 50-70. 56 microg . mL-1, and the intra and inter-day RSDs were less than 12. 33% and 10. 42% respectively. A single dose of 0. 4 g reference preparation or test preparation of oxaprozin enteric coated tablets was administered to 20 healthy volunteers according to a randomized crossover study. AUC0-->264h were (4 917. 44 +/- 629. 57) microg . h . mL-1 and (4 604. 30+/-737. 83) microg . h . mL-1, respectively; Cmax were (52. 34+/-7. 68) microg . mL-1 and (48. 66+/-4. 87) microg . mL-1, respectively; Tmax were (18. 70+/-2.27) h and (19. 30+/-1. 63) h, respectively; The relative bioavailability of test preparation was 94.0% +/- 13. 7%. The method is simple, rapid and selective for oxaprozin determination. There is no significant difference in the main pharmacokinetic parameters between the test formulation and reference formulation and the two formulations are in bioequivalence.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Biological Availability ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cross-Over Studies ; Humans ; Propionates ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Tablets, Enteric-Coated

OBJECTIVETo establish a predictive scoring system which may serve for the prediction of sustained response to conventional interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) treatment on chronic hepatitis B.

METHODSA total of 474 IFN-alpha treated hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients were enrolled in the present study. The patients' baseline characteristics, such as age, gender, aminotransferases, activity grading (G) of intrahepatic inflammation, score (S) of liver fibrosis, hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and genotype were evaluated; therapy duration and response of each patient at the 24th wk after cessation of IFN-alpha treatment were also recorded. A predictive scoring system for a sustained complete response (CR) to IFN-alpha therapy was established based on genetic algorithm. About 10% of the patients were randomly drawn out as the test set. Responses to IFN-alpha therapy were divided into CR, partial response (PR) and non-response (NR). The mixed set of PR and NR was recorded as PR + NR.

RESULTSFor the scoring system, the sensitivity and specificity were 78.8% and 80.6%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThis SCR scoring system has satisfying prediction efficiency and is easily employed in clinical practice. With this scoring system, practitioners can propose individualized decisions that have an integrated foundation on both evidence-based medicine and personal characteristics.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prognosis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study changes in the levels of systematic and airway local oxidative stress in patients in different stages of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), and explore the association between oxidative stress and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) level in the peripheral blood leukocytes.

METHODSThe levels of malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in induced sputum and plasma, as well as GR levels in peripheral blood leukocytes and plasma levels of cortisol and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH), were examined in 33 patients with acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD, group A), 27 with stable COPD (group B), and 28 healthy volunteers (including 15 smokers as group C, and 15 nonsmokers as group D).

RESULTSMDA level in induced sputum and plasma decreased, whereas the levels of GSH, SOD and GSH-PX increased significantly in the order of groups A, B, C, and D (P<0.05). The activity of SOD in induced sputum and plasma were significantly lower in group C than in group D. No significant difference was noted in the other oxidative stress indices between groups C and D (P>0.05). The plasma levels of cortisol and ACTH showed no significant difference between the 4 groups, while the GR level in peripheral blood leukocytes increased significantly in the order of groups A, B, C and D (1565-/+719, 2069-/+488, 2739-/+926, and 4793 -/+1415 U, respectively, P<0.05). After controlling for the factor of smoking status, the plasma and sputum SOD activity were both positively correlated to GR, with the partial correlation coefficient of 0.512 and 0.564, respectively (P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONPatients in different stages of COPD, especially those with AECOPD, may sustain systematic and local oxidation and anti-oxidation imbalance. Decreased SOD activity may contribute to GR level decrement in peripheral blood leukocytes in these patients.

Aged ; Female ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oxidative Stress ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; metabolism ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Objective The role of BMI1 gene in the development of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) has not yet been clarified. This study aimed to explore the expression of BMI1 gene in gastrointestinal stromal tumor,and analyze its relationship with clinical pathological features of GIST. Methods The clinical data of 68 GIST patients treated in The First People's Hospital of Nan-ning from August 2012 to October 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. The expression of BMI1 in normal gastrointestinal tissues and GIST tissues were detected with immunohistochemistry method,and analyzed the relationship between various clinicopathological pa-rameters of GIST and BMI1. The expression of BMI1 protein was detected by Western blot. Results The positive rate of BMI1 was much higher in GIST group than in non-GIST (76.47% vs 36.84%,P<0.05). The difference in the expression of BMI1 protein between the different risk groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The positive expression rate was the highest in the high-risk group (93.75%),but had no statistically significant difference among different genders,age,locations,histological types and whether me-tastasis (P>0.05). Expression of proliferation genes such as PCNA,CyclinD1 mRNA in BMI1 positive group were higher than those in BMI1 negative group,the expression of Pro-apoptotic genes such as Caspase-7,Smac mRNA were lower than those in BMI1 negative group,the expression of anti-apoptosis genes such as Livin,p53,Bcl-2 mRNA were higher than those in BMI1 negative group (P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of BMI1 protein was increased in GIST tissue. It is correlated with the risk classification,and is an important factor affecting the prognosis of patients.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between takeaway food consumption and poor sleep status of college students in Jiangxi Province, to provide a theoretical basis for poor sleep prevention and intervention among college students. Methods: A total of 2 610 college students were selected from a university in Shangrao City, Jiangxi Province by cluster stratified random sampling in May of 2018. The frequency and type of takeaway food consumption, sleep quality and drowsiness were investigated. Results: The detection rate of takeaway food consumption behavior(≥4 times in a week) for college students was 74.8%. The detection rates of poor sleep quality and drowsiness were 17.0% and 18.3%, respectively. The difference of sleep quality was statistically significant with sex, college, different self rated family conditions, study burden, physical activity level, depression and daily smoking ( χ 2=4.33，8.67，23.14，39.03，12.89，313.37，15.23， P <0.05). There were statistically significant differences between drowsiness and college, grade, learning burden, physical activity and depression ( χ 2=12.81，6.57，20.61，8.42，228.06， P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that takeaway consumption (≥4 times in a week) had statistical significance with poor sleep quality and drowsiness ( P <0.05). Conclusion College students takeaway consumption (≥4 times in a week) of rice noodles, malatang, fragrant pot hot pot increase the risk of poor sleep. It is suggested that schools should strengthen nutrition and health education for college students.

Objective:To study the water soluble chemical constituents in rhizoma of Acorus tatarinowii and transformation pathway of nucleosides in the process of water extraction. Method:Compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography on macroporous resin，Sephadex LH-20，ODS and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral data. Nucleosides were identified from aqueous extract of A. tatarinowii，and their stability was investigated by HPLC. The possible transformation pathways of nucleosides in aqueous extract of A. tatarinowii were studied by nucleotide addition test. Result:Eleven compounds including four nucleosides，four phenylpropanoids，two alkaloids and a furfural were isolated，and identified as uridine（1），adenine（2），guanosine（3），adenosine（4），5-hydroxymethylfurfural（5），5-（hydroxymethyl）-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde（6），（threo）1'，2'-dihydroxyasarone（7），（erythro）1'，2'-dihydroxyasarone（8），acoraminol A（9），acoraminol B（10），and tatarine A（11）. The chromatographic peaks of compounds 1-4 and cytidine were identified from aqueous extract of A. tatarinowii by HPLC. After ultrasonic extraction for 0.5 h，the stability of nucleosides in water was poor. After ultrasonic extraction for 3 h or refluxing extraction for 0.5 h，the stability of nucleosides in water was good. Four transformation pathways including 5'-cytidylic acid→cytidine，uridine monophosphate→uridine，guanosine monophosphate，guanosine and adenosine-5'-monophosphate，adenosine 5'-diphosphate，adenosine 5'-triphosphorate，adenosine，adenine might exist in water extract of A. tatarinowii. Conclusion:Compounds 1-4 and 6 were isolated from the genus Acorus for the first time. These compounds further enriched the chemical constituents of A. tatarinowii. The stability and transformation pathway of nucleosides in A. tatarinowii provides reference data for the analysis of nucleosides in A. tatarinowii and other traditional Chinese medicine.