OBJECTIVE To discuss the clinical traits,pathogenesis and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) stepwise treatments of the patients who suffered from pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation.METHODS Because of patients after kidney transplantation easily suffered from pulmonary infection,which was characterized by non-typical symptoms,concealment and varity.In the aspects of the pathogenesis of this disease,the principal aspect of which was the weakened body resistance(kidney deficiency)and the secondary incidental was affected pathogenic factor(heat,toxin,stasis brewing in the lungs),viz weaken healthy qi and excessive pathogenic factor.Hence during the clinical treatment we should attach importance to regulate entire faculty condition.Considering the acute attack stage and restoration stage,we would differently inflict therapies of clearing heat,resolving toxin,quickening the blood,supplementing the kidney and nourishing yin,clearing heat and moistening the lung and so on,according to differentiation of symptoms and signs,in which way we could give attention to both the root and tip.RESULTS The TCM stepwise therapy of pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation had the characteristics of high efficacy,few side reactions and stable long-term curative effects.CONCLUSIONS The TCM therapy of pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation has more potentiality and predominance,which deserves further study.

Sixty-one newly-diagnosed diabetic patients from high altitude area were treated individually plus metformin 1.5 g/d for 14 days. The difference of oxygen partial pressure was 3.5 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0. 133kPa) between altitude 2 260 m and 2 780 m districts. In these patients, their serum lactic acid was increased before treatment. At altitude 2 780 m district, serum lactic acid in middle-aged and elder groups were even higher [(3.90±0.85 vs 3.65±0.70), (4. 67±0.80 vs 3.69±0.78) mmol/L, both P＜0. 05＝. After 14-day treatment, serum lactic acid in middle-aged diabetic patients remained statistically unchanged [(4.50±0.50 and 3.79±0.62 ) mmol/L, P＞0.05], while that in elder patients was increased significantly [(5.59±0.55 and 5.27±0.43 ) mmol/L,P＜0. 05]. The results suggested that metformin should not be used or be used carefully in elder diabetic patients at high altitude area.

In the present study,healthy adults who had been residing at the average altitudes of 6,2260,and 2800 m for 10 years were recruited,and the number of red blood cells,the levels of hemoglobin,and HbA1C were tested.The results showed that the level of HbA1C in altitude 2800 m group was higher compared with the other 2 groups(5.80％ ± 0.50％ vs 5.39％ ± 0.47％,P＜0.05 ).Therefore,this difference should be considered when diagnosis and treatment for diabetes mellitus were made in the region.

Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid ; complications ; Lymphoma ; complications

OBJECTIVETo investigate the methylation of p16(INK4a) and RB gene, and the expression of p16(INK4a) in meningiomas.

METHODSMethylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) was used to detect the methylation of p16(INK4a) and RB in 50 cases of meningiomas, and immunostaining was performed to analyze the protein expression of p16(INK4a) in 25 of those cases.

RESULTSNo methylation was found in the benign meningiomas, whereas methylation of p16(INK4a)or RB occurred in 6(37.5%) cases of grade II tumors and 4(28.6%) cases of grade III tumors, and among these cases, an atypical meningioma showed methylation of both genes. Thirteen cases showed p16(INK4a) positive expression, but none of them was methylated.

CONCLUSIONThe methylation of p16(INK4a) or RB is related with the tumorigenesis and progression of atypical and anaplastic meningiomas, and a probable mechanism is that methylation causes the loss of expression and leads to dysfuncation of the p16(INK4a)/cyclin D1/CDK4/RB pathway.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cyclin D1 ; genetics ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases ; genetics ; DNA Methylation ; Female ; Genes, Retinoblastoma ; Genes, p16 ; Humans ; Male ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; Meningioma ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the biological characteristics of Campylobacter jejuni (CJ) cultured on different culture media and their expression abundance of outer membrane proteins (OMPs).

METHODSCJ was cultured on the improved Bull's medium yolk agar, improved Bull's blood agar or improved Bull's agar for 48 h. The biological characteristics of the bacteria, including the colony feature, morphology, motility, biochemistry, and results of indirect fluorescence test were observed and compared. OMP of the cultured CJ was extracted using 0.2 mol/L and glycine-hydrochloride buffered solution (pH 2.2) and identified by SDS-PAGE to compare the expression abundance of the OMPs with molecular weight of 28-31 kD.

RESULTSCJ exhibited typical biological characteristics with larger cell body and more rapid growth on improved Bull's medium yolk agar than those on improved Bull's blood agar and improved Bull's agar. The bacteria grown on improved Bull's medium yolk agar showed also greater expression abundance of the OMPs with molecule mass between 28 kD and 31 kD.

CONCLUSIONImproved Bull's medium yolk agar allows rapid growth of CJ with typical biological characteristics and enhanced expression of the OMPs with molecular weight of 28 -31 kD, and can be widely used in CJ subunit vaccine development, CJ epidemiological survey, CJ food safety examination, and CJ quarantine.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins ; analysis ; metabolism ; Campylobacter jejuni ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Culture Media

A combinatorial human Fab library to the rabies virus was constructed using antibody genes derived from the blood of vaccinated donors. The library were panned and selected on purified rabies virus particles of aG or CTN strain with phage display. Eleven unique human Fab antibodies specific for the rabies virus glycoprotein were obtained by ELISA, IFA and DNA sequences analysis of these antibodies. Among these Fab antibodies, five human Fab antibodies were converted to full-length human IgG antibodies with recombinant baculovirus system. The five full-length human IgG antibodies were tested in vitro for rabies virus neutralization, resulting in all specificities to neutralize the virus. The obtained human anti-rabies antibodies lay the basis for the production of cocktail of anti-rabies monoclonal antibody with chinese intellectual property.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; immunology ; Antibodies, Viral ; immunology ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; genetics ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin G ; genetics ; immunology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neutralization Tests ; Rabies ; immunology ; virology ; Rabies virus ; genetics ; immunology

Objective:To investigate the effect of total alkaloid of harmaline (TAH) on inducing cellular autophagy and degradating of neurotoxic proteins Tau and α-synuclein (α-Syn).Methods:(1) The in vitro cultured PC12 cells were divided into blank control group, and 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 50 μg/mL TAH groups, respectively; and they were treated with 0, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 50 μg/mL TAH for 24 h; cell morphology and number were observed, and cell survival rate was determined by MTT assay. (2) PC12 cells were divided into blank control group, rapamycin group, and 1, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 μg/mL TAH groups; these cells were treated with same amount of solvent, 50 nmol/L autophagy activator rapamycin, and 1, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 μg/mL TAH for 4 h, respectively, and the number of autophagosomes was detected by immunofluorescent staining. (3) PC12 cells were divided into blank control group, rapamycin group, and 10 μg/mL TAH group; these cells were treated with same amount of solvent, 50 nmol/L rapamycin, and 10 μg/mL TAH for 4 h; the protein expression levels of p62 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 II (LC3-II) was detected by Western blotting. (4) PC12 cells were divided into blank control group, chloroquine group, TAH group, and TAH+chloroquine group; these PC12 cells were treated with 50 nmol/L autophagy inhibitor chloroquine, 10 μg/mL TAH, and 10 μg/mL TAH+50 nmol/L chloroquine for 4 h, respectively; the LC3-II protein expression was detected by Western blotting. (5) PC12 cells were divided into TAH group and blank control group; 10 μg/mL TAH and same amount of solvent were given to each group for 4 h, and then, the phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) and phosphorylated 70-KD ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p-P70S6K) protein expression levels were detected by Western blotting. (6) Tet on HEK293 cells with Tau-green fluorescent protein (GFP) overexpression were divided into blank control group, TAH group, doxycycline group, doxycycline+TAH group, doxycycline+TAH+3-MA group, and doxycycline+TAH+chloroquine group. Cells in the later 4 groups were treated with 200 ng/mL Tet system inducer doxycycline for 24 h; cells in the blank control group were treated with same amount of solvent, those in the TAH group were treated with 10 μg/mL TAH, and cells in the latter 3 groups were treated with 10 μg/mL TAH, 10 μg/mL TAH+5 mmol/L 3-MA, and 10 μg/mL TAH+50 nmol/L chloroquine, respectively, for 24 h; the changes of green fluorescence intensity of these cells were observed under laser confocal microscope. The Tau-GFP and LC3-II protein expression levels were detected by Western blotting. (7) HEK293 cells with stable α-Syn expression were divided into blank control group, chloroquine group, TAH group and TAH+chloroquine group; these cells were treated with same amount of solvent, 50 nmol/L chloroquine, 10 μg/mL TAH and 10 μg/mL TAH+50 nmol/L chloroquine for 24 h, respectively; the α-Syn and LC3-II protein expression levels were detected by Western blotting. Results:(1) As compared with that in the blank control group, the cell survival rate in 20 and 50 μg/mL TAH groups was significantly lower, and that in the 50 μg/mL TAH group was statistically lower than that in 20 μg/mL TAH group ( P<0.05). (2) As compared with that in the blank control group, the number of autophagosomes in rapamycin group, and 10 and 20 μg/mL TAH groups was significantly increased, and that in 10 μg/mL TAH group was statistically higher than that in 20 μg/mL TAH group ( P<0.05); 10 μg/mL TAH group was selected for subsequent experiments. (3) As compared with the blank control group, the rapamycin group and TAH group had significantly decreased P62 protein expression and significantly increased LC3-II protein expression ( P<0.05). (4) As compared with that in the blank control group, the LC3-II protein expression in the chloroquine group, TAH group and TAH+chloroquine group was significantly increased, and LC3-II protein expression in TAH+chloroquine group was statistically higher than that in chloroquine group ( P<0.05). (5) The p-mTOR and p-p70S6K expression levels in the TAH group were significantly decreased as compared with those in the blank control group ( P<0.05). (6) The Tau-GFP protein expression in doxycycline group was significantly increased as compared with that in the blank control group ( P<0.05); that in doxycycline+TAH group was significantly decreased as compared with that in the doxycycline group ( P<0.05); that in the doxycycline+TAH+3-MA group and doxycycline+TAH+chloroquine group was statistically increased as compared with that in doxycycline+TAH group ( P<0.05). The LC3-II protein expression in the TAH group was significantly increased as compared with that in the control group, that in the doxycycline+TAH group was significantly increased as compared with that in the doxycycline group, that in the doxycycline+TAH+3-MA group was significantly decreased as compared with that in the doxycycline+TAH group, and that in doxycycline+TAH+ chloroquine group was significantly increased as compared with that in the doxycycline+TAH group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:TAH may activate autophagy by inhibiting the mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway, which in turn promotes the degradation of neurotoxic proteins Tau and α-Syn.

Objective: To explore the clinical features of patients with synchronous lymphoma and carcinoma. Methods: The clinical data of 17 patients with Synchronous lymphoma and carcinoma from February 2012 to October 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Among 17 patients of lymphoma, 1 case HL, 2 cases B-NHL, 6 cases MZBL, 3 cases DLBCL, 1 case mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) , 3 cases NK/T- cell lymphoma, 1 case anaplastic large cell lymphoma(ALCL). In terms of 17 patients with carcinoma, 3 cases esophageal carcinoma, 3 cases gastric carcinoma, 2 cases colorectal carcinoma, 7 cases thyroid carcinoma, 1 case hepatocellular carcinoma and lung cancer. Up to 15 patients received operation, and some of them combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and autologous transplant. Follow-up analysis showed that 3 cases was undergoing treatment, 2 cases lost follow-up, 4 cases died, 3 cases achieved CR, 3 cases remained to be at SD, and 2 cases assessed for progression or recurrence. Conclusion: The relationship between lymphoma and carcinoma was under discussion, patients with synchronous lymphoma and carcinoma were not unusual. We herein should raise awareness to avoid misdiagnosis.
Humans ; Lymphoma ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasms ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; Retrospective Studies

Objective: To investigate the effect of taraxerol on autophagy of breast cancer MCF-7 cells in vitro, and explore the related mechanisms. Method: The effect of various doses of taraxerol (12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200 μmol·L^-1) on proliferation of MCF-7 cells was detected by methye thiazolye telrazlium (MTT) assay. The autophagy-inducing effect of taraxerol was observed by acridine orange staining, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and immunofluorescence. The expressions of autophagy-related proteins and the changes of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway were determined by Western blot analysis. Result: The viability of MCF-7 cells was significantly inhibited by taraxerol. Acridine orange staining indicated that the acidic lysosomes increased significantly after treatment with taraxerol in MCF-7 cells. The autophagic structure in the treated group was observed by TEM. Immunofluorescence showed that the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) in the cells of the drug group was increased. Western blot demonstrated that the protein expressions of LC3-Ⅱ and Beclin-1 were increased in taraxerol-treated MCF-7 cells (P<0.05,P<0.01), respectively. Compared with 100 μmol·L^-1 taraxerol group, combination group (taraxerol + 3-methyladenine, 3-MA) showed the down-regulation of LC3-Ⅱ in the MCF-7 cells (P<0.05).And expressions of phosphorylated mammal target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) and phosphorylated eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (p-4EBP1) were decreased in MCF-7 cells after treatment with taraxerol (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: Taraxerol can induce autophagy in MCF-7 cells, which may be related to the inhibition of mTOR signaling pathway.