Objective To investigate the in vitro effect of wild-type PTEN gene transfection on the growth of human colon cancer cell lines. Methods With liposome transduction technique,the retrovirus vector pBp-PTEN,which contains wild-type PTEN gene segment and pBabe-puro,was transfected into Lovo,one of the PTEN-deficient human colorectal carcinoma cell lines.After identification by Western blotting,cell growth,cell cycle and apoptosis before and after transfection were studied. Results It was indicated by the cell growth curve that after transfection the curve of the transfection group exhibited a mild tendency with no obvious logarithmic growth phase,and the growth velocity was significantly lower than that of the control group(P

OBJECTIVETo evaluate clinical effect and safety of floating needle therapy and duloxetine in treating patients with persistent somatoform pain disorder (PSPD).

METHODSTotally 108 PSPD patients were randomly assigned to the floating needle treatment group, the duloxetine treatment group, and the placebo treatment group, 36 in each group. Patients in the floating needle treatment group received floating needle therapy and placebo. Those in the duloxetine treatment group received duloxetine and simulated floating needle therapy. Those in the placebo treatment group received the placebo and simulated floating needle therapy. All treatment lasted for six weeks. Efficacy and adverse reactions were evaluated using Simple McGill pain scale (SF-MPQ) and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) before treatment and immediately after treatment, as well as at the end of 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 6th week of treatment, respectively. Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD, 17 items), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) were assessed before treatment and at the end of 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 6th week of treatment, respectively. Patients in the floating needle treatment group and the duloxetine treatment group with the total reducing score rate of SF-MPQ in Pain Rating index (PRI) ≥ 50% after 6 weeks' treatment were involved in the follow-up study.

RESULTS(1) Compared with the same group before treatment, SF-MPQ score, HAMD score and HAMA total scores all decreased in all the three groups at the end of 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 6th week of treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Besides , each item of SF-MPQ significantly decreased immediately after treatment in the floating needle treatment group (P < 0.01). Compared with the placebo treatment group, SF-MPQ, HAMD, and HAMA total score in the floating needle treatment group significantly decreased after 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks of treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). SF-MPQ score, HAMD score and HAMA total score in the duloxetine treatment group also significantly decreased after 2, 4, and 6 weeks of treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). (2) There were 3 patients (8.3%) who had adverse reactions in the floating needle treatment group, 17 (50.0%) in the duloxetine treatment group, and 7 (21.2%) in the placebo treatment group. Compared with the placebo treatment group, the incidence of adverse reaction increased in the duloxetine treatment group (χ² = 6.04, P < 0.05). Besides, it was higher in the duloxetine treatment group than in the floating needle treatment group (χ² = 14.9, P < 0.05). (3) There were 19 patients in the floating needle treatment group and 17 patients in the duloxetine treatment group involved in the follow-up study. Compared with 6 weeks after treatment, no significant difference was observed at 3 and 6 months after treatment in the score of SF-MPQ, HAMD, and HAMA in the floating needle treatment group and the duloxetine treatment group. No significant difference was observed between the two groups (P > 0.05). There were 5 patients (29.4%) who had adverse reactions in the duloxetine treatment group, and no adverse reactions were observed in the floating needle treatment group. The adverse reaction rate was significantly different between the two groups (χ² = 4.26, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFloating needle therapy and duloxetine were effective in treatment of patients with PSPD. However, floating needle therapy could relieve pain more rapidly than duloxetine, with obviously less adverse reactions.

Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Analgesics ; therapeutic use ; Anxiety Disorders ; Duloxetine Hydrochloride ; therapeutic use ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Needles ; Pain ; Pain Management ; methods ; Pain Measurement ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Somatoform Disorders ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

The purpose of the study was to assess students'preferences on vegetarian menus served at middle and high schools. Four school food service programs that served primarily vegetarian menus were located in Seoul, Kyunggi, Kangwon, and Choongnam provinces. A total of 100 menu items frequently served at the schools were identified. Students participating in the school meals programs were asked to assess their preferences of the menus using a 5-point Likert-type scale(1 : very dislike ~ 5 : very like). Excluding responses with significant missing data, usable responses were 659. Statistical analyses were performed with descriptive statistics, t-tests, and one-way analysis of variance. Menu items of the highest preference scores included kimchi stew, stir-fried kimchi, nangmyon(cold noodles), fried rice and kimchi, miso stew, soft tofu stew, and hard-boiled quail eggs in soy sauce. By menu category, one-dish foods(3.97) were the most preferred and muchim and namul were the least preferred. Female students showed higher preferences on kimchi, steamed items(jjim), stir-fried items, namul, and muchim than male students; middle school students'preference scores were higher than those of the high school students in most menu categories. The menu preference is known as one of the most important factors determining students'food consumption and satisfaction with school food service. Dietitians working at school food service programs that serve primarily vegetarian menus should provide students with nutrition education on proper food selection and focus their efforts on developing new recipes using various vegetables and preparation methods to improve students'food consumption and menu preference.
Adolescent ; Education ; Eggs ; Female ; Food Preferences* ; Food Services ; Gangwon-do ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Male ; Meals ; Nutritionists ; Ovum ; Quail ; Seoul ; Soy Foods ; Steam ; Vegetables

BACKGROUND: Stellate ganglion block (SGB) is known to increase blood flow to the innervations area of the stellate ganglion. Near infrared spectroscopy reflects an increased blood volume and allows continuous, non-invasive, and bedside monitoring of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2). We investigated the influence of SGB on bilateral cerebral oxygenation using a near infrared spectroscopy. METHODS: SGB was performed on 30 patients with 1% lidocaine 10 ml using a paratracheal technique at the C6 level and confirmed by the presence of Horner's syndrome. The blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and rSO2 were measured before SGB and 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after SGB. Tympanic temperature of each ear was measured prior to SGB and 20 minutes after SGB. RESULTS: The increments of the rSO2 on the block side from the baseline were statistically significant at 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes. The rSO2 on the non-block side compared with the baseline, however, decreased at 15 and 20 minutes. The difference between the block and the non-block sides was significant at 15 and 20 minutes. The BP at 10, 15 and 20 minutes was increased and the HR was increased at 10 and 15 minutes. CONCLUSIONS: We observed an increment of the rSO2 on the block side from the baseline; however, the rSO2 on the non-block side decreased.
Blood Pressure ; Blood Volume ; Ear ; Heart Rate ; Horner Syndrome ; Humans ; Lidocaine ; Oxygen ; Spectrum Analysis ; Stellate Ganglion

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of mothers' recognition of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), parenting stress and family support in mothers of children diagnosed with ADHD. METHODS: The data were collected from December 24, 2009 to July 23, 2010. The participants were 141 mothers of children diagnosed with ADHD and who lived in D city. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients with SPSS 17.0 were used to analyze the data. To determine the most effective variable (mothers' recognition, parenting stress and family support) to predict parental stress, data were analyzed using canonical correlation with SAS 9.1 TS. RESULTS: Canonical correlation analysis revealed that professional and teachers' roles of the 3 sub-domains of mothers' recognition were the most outstanding variables in predicting parenting stress. Parental distress/parent-child dysfunctional interaction of parenting stress was the most outstanding variable in predicting both mothers' recognition and family support. Spouse cooperation in family support was the most outstanding variable in predicting parenting stress. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that strengthening parents' recognition of ADHD and supporting interventions are important for reducing parenting stress. Professional and teachers' roles, parental distress/parent-child dysfunctional interaction and spouse cooperation should be included in the contents of structured programs.
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; Child ; Humans ; Mothers ; Parenting ; Parents ; Phenothiazines ; Spouses ; Child Health

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to use meta-analysis to examine recent domestic articles related to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in school-age children. METHODS: After reviewing 213 articles published between 1990 and 2009 from and cited in RISS, KISS, and DBpia, the researchers identified 24 studies with 440 research variables that had appropriate data for methodological study. SPSS 17.0 program was used. The outcome variables were divided into five types: Inattention, hyperactive impulsive, intrinsic, extrinsic, and academic ability variables. RESULTS: Effects size of overall core symptoms was 0.47 which is moderate level in terms of Cohen criteria and effects size of overall negative variables related ADHD was 0.27 which is small level. The most dominant variable related to ADHD was obtained from hyperactive-impulsive (0.70). Also academic ability (0.45), inattention (0.37), and intrinsic variables (0.29) had a small effect whereas extrinsic variables (0.13) had little effect on descriptive ADHD study. CONCLUSION: The results reveal that ADHD core symptoms have moderate effect size and peripheral negative variables related ADHD have small effect size. To improve the reliability of the meta-analysis results by minimizing publication bias, more intervention studies using appropriate study designs should be done.
Adolescent ; Attention ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/*etiology ; Child ; Child Psychology ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Task Performance and Analysis

PURPOSE: This study was done to examine the effects of a literary therapy intervention on ego-resilience and maladaptive behavior among children of broken homes. METHODS: The intervention consisted of 16 sessions designed to achieve a positive self-concept and was constructed as an interaction between participant and certain literature including poetry, narratives, dramas, art therapy, and willingness to share it with others. The study was carried out from May 2 to July 25, 2006. The participants were 36 children resided in a vulnerable region in G city. The collected data for Ego-resilience, Korean-Children Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL), Korean-Youth Self-Report (K-YSR) were respectively analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, repeated measures ANOVA with Post Hoc, and ANCOVA with the SPSS/WIN version 12.0 program. RESULTS: After the intervention, there was a significant difference between the experimental and the control group for Ego-resilience, K-CBCL, and K-YSR. There were significant differences according to time process in ego-resilience and K-YSR. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that literary therapy is an effective nursing intervention for enhancing ego-resilience and reducing maladaptive behavior in children of broken homes.
Art Therapy ; Checklist ; Child* ; Drama ; Ego* ; Humans ; Nursing

No abstract available.
Asphyxia*

This study was conducted to evaluate the sanitary performance and education of middle and high school foodservice employees in Seoul, South Korea in order to ensure the foodservice safety and identify why some employees cannot apply learned knowledge in real work situations. Subjects consisted of 217 school foodservice employees who attended a regular sanitary education program under the auspices of the Seoul Gangdong and Gangseo district offices. The sanitary performance was assessed with 5 dimensions (personal hygiene, ingredient control, process control, safety management and sanitary education), and was self-evaluated using a Likert 5 point scale. The data were analyzed using the SPSSWIN Version 12.0 package. The main results of the study showed that according to the general characteristics of middle and high school foodservice employees, 98.2% of respondents were women, and 64.1% of them aged 40-49. A total mean score of 5 items of sanitary performance for middle and high school employees was 4.74. Ingredient control field score was 4.83, process control 4.80 and personal hygiene 4.74. In contrast, the sanitary education field score was 4.56, significantly lower than the total mean score. Safety management field score was 4.71. Verbal education was the main method performed as a sanitary education in schools.
Aged ; Data Collection ; Dietary Sucrose ; Female ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Republic of Korea ; Safety Management

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12-week brisk walking and brisk walking plus diet program on C-Reactive Protein(CRP) in middle-aged obese hypertriglycemic(triglyceride > or =150 mg/dl) Korean women. METHOD: The subjects were 16 obese (BMI > or =25) hypertriglycemic middle-aged women (7 for brisk walking group, 9 for brisk walking plus diet group) who participated in a health promotion program at one public health center. Initially the brisk walking intervention consisted of walking for 20 minutes/day at an intensity of 40 to 50% of heart rate reserve(HRR) for 3 days/week and progressed to 50 minutes/day, 60 to 70% of their HRR, and 6 days/week. The diet intervention consisted of 60 minutes of group education and 20 to 30 minutes of individual counseling with a nutritionist every week. Data were analyzed with SPSS PC program. RESULTS: There was no significant reduction in CRP levels in both brisk walking (Z=-1.70, p=0.088) and brisk walking plus diet group(Z=-0.31, p=0.752). In brisk walking only group, CRP levels were increased after the intervention. CONCLUSION: Brisk walking could increase the level of CRP when it is in the course of progression and diet could decrease the acute phase inflammatory response.
C-Reactive Protein* ; Counseling ; Diet* ; Education ; Female ; Health Promotion ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertriglyceridemia ; Nutritionists ; Obesity ; Public Health ; Walking*