BACKGROUNDS: Sexually transmitted disease is class 3 major communicable disease group in Korea, and nationwide surveillance is required to control it. It is necessary to investigate the trends and current characteristics of STDs for effective control. METHODS: We analysed the laboratory data of those who visited a health center in Seoul for venereal disease examination and had abnormal results from Jan 1, 1991 to Dec 31, 1994. Venereal disease examination was composed of serum VDRL(quantitative), Gram staining and culture of urine or urethral discharge. RESULTS: There were 1196 male cases(97.6%) among the total 1226 cases. Mean age was 31.1+/-8.4, and the most common age group was 25-34 yr-old(60.8%). Diagnosis was as follows : syphilis 48 cases(3.9%), gonorrhea 388 cases(31.6%), Nongonoccocal urethritis 773 cases(63.1%), others 10 cases(0.8%), mixed infection of syphilis and gonorrhea 2 cases(0.2 %), mixed infection of syphilis and NGU 5 cases(0.4%). The proportion of PPNG among gonorrhea was as follows : 1991 48.1%, 1992 38.0%, 1993 32.9%, 1994 58.8%. The fraction of NGU among whole urethritis patients increased year by year, 1991 68.0%, 1992 69.4%, 1993 73.3%, 1994 55.3%. There were more WBCs on Gram staining of gonorrhea cases than NGU cases(p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The STD patients among beneficiaries of a health center were mainly young male. Common diagnosis was as follows, NGU, gonorrhea, syphilis. The proportion of PPNG among gonorrhea decreased initially, then increased in 1994, and the fraction of NGU among whole urethritis cases increased initially, then increased in 1994.
Coinfection ; Communicable Diseases ; Diagnosis ; Gonorrhea ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Seoul* ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases* ; Syphilis ; Urethritis

BACKGROUNDS: Sexually transmitted disease is class 3 major communicable disease group in Korea, and nationwide surveillance is required to control it. It is necessary to investigate the trends and current characteristics of STDs for effective control. METHODS: We analysed the laboratory data of those who visited a health center in Seoul for venereal disease examination and had abnormal results from Jan 1, 1991 to Dec 31, 1994. Venereal disease examination was composed of serum VDRL(quantitative), Gram staining and culture of urine or urethral discharge. RESULTS: There were 1196 male cases(97.6%) among the total 1226 cases. Mean age was 31.1+/-8.4, and the most common age group was 25-34 yr-old(60.8%). Diagnosis was as follows : syphilis 48 cases(3.9%), gonorrhea 388 cases(31.6%), Nongonoccocal urethritis 773 cases(63.1%), others 10 cases(0.8%), mixed infection of syphilis and gonorrhea 2 cases(0.2 %), mixed infection of syphilis and NGU 5 cases(0.4%). The proportion of PPNG among gonorrhea was as follows : 1991 48.1%, 1992 38.0%, 1993 32.9%, 1994 58.8%. The fraction of NGU among whole urethritis patients increased year by year, 1991 68.0%, 1992 69.4%, 1993 73.3%, 1994 55.3%. There were more WBCs on Gram staining of gonorrhea cases than NGU cases(p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The STD patients among beneficiaries of a health center were mainly young male. Common diagnosis was as follows, NGU, gonorrhea, syphilis. The proportion of PPNG among gonorrhea decreased initially, then increased in 1994, and the fraction of NGU among whole urethritis cases increased initially, then increased in 1994.
Coinfection ; Communicable Diseases ; Diagnosis ; Gonorrhea ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Seoul* ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases* ; Syphilis ; Urethritis

No abstract available.
Education, Medical* ; Informatics*

No abstract available.
Primary Health Care* ; Weight Loss*

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans

No abstract available.
Mining*

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the practice effect of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) after providing the subjects with knowledge of the results (KR). METHODS: Sixteen subjects with post-stroke hemiparesis volunteered to participate in this study. The 6MWT was performed by having the subjects take repeated walks along a 20-m walkway for 6 minutes; and the maximum distance walked was recorded. Two trials of the 6MWT were conducted under three conditions: no-KR, immediate-KR (providing knowledge of the time taken to complete each 20-m distance), and summary-KR (providing knowledge of the time taken to complete 60 m). RESULTS: The practice effects of all 3 conditions were determined by using the paired t-test, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with <0.75, and the Bland-Altman plot. The findings of the paired t-test showed a significant difference under the immediate-KR condition only; however, no significant differences were noted under the no-KR and summary-KR conditions. In a data agreement analysis across the two trials using the ICC, none of the obtained values under the three conditions were in an acceptable range indicative of a practice effect. In the Bland-Altman plot, a greater data variation was observed under the immediate-KR condition than under the other two conditions. When comparing the conditions, the immediate-KR condition differed significantly from the no-KR condition. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings do not support the presence of a practice effect across the 6MWT. However, a practice effect seems to be clinically possible when the immediate-KR condition is incorporated into this test.
Gait ; Paresis ; Stroke

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of naloxone for treating cerebral infarction.Methods Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)and quasi-RCTs were identified from MEDLINE(1966-2005.4),EMBASE(1980-2005.4),Cochrane Controlled Trials Register(Cochrane Library issue 2,2005),CBMdisc(1978 -2005.4).We handsearched related published and unpublished data and their references.All naloxone treating for cerebral infarction were included.Data were extracted and evaluated by two reviewers independently with designed extraction form.RevMan 4.2.7 software was used for data analysis.Results Twelve RCTs involving 1075 patients were included.All the results of meta-analysis were listed as follows:(1)Total effective rate:compared with none control,5 studies showed that naloxone had a statistical difference with RR 1.24,95 %CI 1.05 to 1.46;(2)cure rate:compared with none control,naloxone had a statistical differences with RR 1.54,95%CI 1.09 to 2.18;(3)adverse effect:the number of accidence were few and representations were light.Conclusion Naloxone may increase the total effective rate and cure rate of cerebral infarction.More high quality trials are required.

Objective To develop a new method for rapid detection of E.Coli.with a new substrate Na p nitrophenyl ? D glucuronate (PNP Glucu Na). Method The test paper was immersed with of Na p nitrophenyl ? D glucuronate which was synthesized by us and another paper with culture medium and phorphate buffer.Colour change was observed to detect the E.coli. Results An E.coli concerntration of 4?10 7 took 0.5 hour, while a concentration of 4?10 0 took 12 hours. 138 strains of E.coli and 190 strains of other bacteria were examined . The sensitivity was 94.2% and the specificity was 92.6%. Conclusion This method is rapid, accurate, simple, and economical for detecting E.coli.