No abstract available.
Cobalt* ; Copper* ; Dental Alloys* ; Nickel*

PURPOSE: The study was done to identify relations among sense of humor, self-esteem, and performance in nurses. METHODS: Data were collected by questionnaires from 198 nurses in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. Measures were sense of humor, self-esteem, and performance. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients, t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 13.0 version. RESULTS: This study shows that performance of nurses has significant difference according to age, marriage, education level, income and clinical experience. The performance of nurses has positive correlation with their sense of humor and self-esteem. The higher clinical experience, sense of humor, and self-esteem they have, the better performance they make. The factors that affect performance of nurses are clinical experience, sense of humor and self-esteem. The degree of explanation is 36.5%. CONCLUSION: Knowing that sense of humor and self-esteem of nurse are significant factors which can cause nurses' better performance, we suggest an education program that can help nurses to develop and manage their sense of humor.
Marriage ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Colonic sarcomatoid carcinomas are known to be extremely rare tumors, with only 22 cases reported either as sarcomatoid carcinomas or carcinosarcomas in the literature. The known characteristics are rapid growth, a high recurrence rate, and an extremely poor prognosis. Herein we report a case of a patient who had a sarcomatoid carcinoma of the sigmoid colon and died only 22 days after surgery due to rapid tumor growth.
Carcinosarcoma ; Colon ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Recurrence

A 50 year-old woman was scheduled for clipping of giant middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysm. Preoperative four-vessel angiography and computed tomography scan revealed a giant aneurysm (3.5x3.3x3.5 cm) at bifurcation of right MCA. Induced hypotension and brain protection using sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and thiopental loading were planned to prevent cerebral damage during the operation. Before induction, esmolol, lidocaine and vecuronium were administered. Mask ventilation with isoflurane in N2O and O2 was performed over 5 minutes and then tracheal intubation was done. Anesthesia was maintained by isoflurane+N2O+O2 with pancuronium. Electrocardiography, pulse oxymetry, capnography, central venous pressure, evoked potential and invasive arterial blood pressure were monitored. She was hyperventilated intraoperatively with a PaCO2 around 30 mmHg. Perioperative hypotension was achieved with infusion of SNP (0.3~1.0 microg/kg/min). During the actual aneurysm surgery, mean arterial pressure was lowered to approximately 50 mmHg. Adjuvant drugs such as methylprednisolone, mannitol and furosemide to reduce intracranial pressure were also administered. This technique established good brain conditions during clipping of the aneurysm. A thiopental loading (4 mg/kg) was supplied while the aneurysm was approached. Satisfactory and well-controlled hypotension was obtained after thiopental and SNP. Postoperatively, the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit.
Anesthesia ; Aneurysm ; Angiography ; Arterial Pressure ; Brain ; Capnography ; Central Venous Pressure ; Electrocardiography ; Evoked Potentials ; Female ; Furosemide ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Intensive Care Units ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Intracranial Pressure ; Intubation ; Isoflurane ; Lidocaine ; Mannitol ; Masks ; Methylprednisolone ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Nitroprusside ; Pancuronium ; Thiopental ; Vecuronium Bromide ; Ventilation

Normal human B cells produce autocrine growth factor in response to Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I strain (SAC). However, the functional role and molecular nature of the B cell derived-B cell growth factor (B-BCGF) are largely unknown. We have tried to investigate the nature of B-BCGF using mAb for several years. We report here that B- BCGF is capable of binding to hemoglobin (Hb). The concentrated culture supernatant from tonsillar B cells stimulated with SAC for 24 h was loaded into the fast protein liquid chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography. The peak with BCGF activity was shown to have a M.W. of 16-18 Kda in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by silver stain. Amino acid sequence of the fraction was found to identical to human hemoglobin (Hb) by more than 85%. However, Hb itself had no BCGF activity. The presence of Hb in culture supernatant was due to the contamination of SRBC during B cell purification. SRSC were completely removed from B cells by percoll-gradient centrifugation and B cells were stimulated with SAC and exogenous Hb was added to the cultures. The Hb fraction from FPLC again showed a BCGF activity. These data strongly suggested that BCGF binds to Hb. We confirmed this in dot blot as well as Western blot. The M.W of Hb-binding BCGF was 20 Kda. This information may provide a rapid progress in research of BCGF.
Amino Acid Sequence ; B-Lymphocytes ; Blotting, Western ; Centrifugation ; Chromatography, Ion Exchange ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Humans ; Silver ; Staphylococcus aureus

Primary angiosarcoma of the female reproductive system is extremely rare, and its management is not well understood. We experienced a very rare case of angiosarcoma arising in the uterus of a 37-year-old woman who presented abdominal distension. At laparotomy, the uterus was observed to be enlarged and deformed by multilobulated hemorrhagic mass. Tumor deposits were present on both ovaries and the omentum. The operation consisted of total abdominal hysterectomy with salpingo-oophorectomy, and omentectomy. Microscopic examination showed that the tumor consisted mostly of solid sheets of pleomorphic and spindle cells forming irregular, communicating cleft-like spaces. Well-formed vascular channels lined by atypical endothelial cells were seen in differentiated areas. Some vessels were partially lined by normal endothelial cells and partially by neoplastic endothelial cells. Papillary architecture composed of epithelioid tumor cells was noted in a focal area. The tumor cells were immunoreactive for factor VIII-related antigen, Ulex europaeus agglutinin-1, CD31 and CD34. Weibel-Palade bodies were not seen in the tumor cells. She received adjuvant chemotherapy, but died 13 months after the diagnosis.
Adult ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Diagnosis ; Endothelial Cells ; Female ; Hemangiosarcoma* ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Laparotomy ; Omentum ; Ovary ; Ulex ; Uterus* ; von Willebrand Factor ; Weibel-Palade Bodies

PURPOSE: This study was to evaluate effect of an educational program based upon experiment for smoking prevention in middle school students. METHOD: A quasi-experimental design was used. The participants were 107 middle school students (53 in the experimental group, 54 in the control group). Students in the experimental group participated in three 45-minute educational programs over a period of 2 weeks. The dependent variables were measured before and 2 & 4 weeks after the treatment. The data were analyzed using 2 test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA. SPSS was used to aid analysis. RESULTS: 1) The experimental group showed higher levels of knowledge of smoking prevention compared to the control group. However this program did not affect their attitude towards smoking. 2) There was a higher possibility of smoking in the future among the students who had smoked than those who had not. 3) The majority (84.9%) of the experimental group said that the program was effective. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of smoking for the experimental group was increased, so it is assumed that the program itself had a positive effect on the students. To change attitudes regarding smoking, smoking prevention programs need to be conducted repeatedly, not just temporarily.
Humans ; Smoke* ; Smoking*

PURPOSE: To examine the effect of the solution-focused group counseling program on the nursing students' problem-solving capacity. METHODS: The research design was one-group pretest-posttest design in quasi-experimental research. The subjects were 16 sophomore nursing students being in K university located in D city. Korea. The period of this research was from January 9 to February 20, 2002. from January 10 to February 21. 2003. The group counseling program that was developed by Kim, Hyeon Mi (2001) on the basis of the fundamental principles of solution-focused therapy of de Shazer. et al. (1986) and the solution-focused group counseling process proposed by Selekman (1991). LaFountain. et al. (1996) and Metcalf (1998) was used after being modified and complemented for the nursing students. The group counseling was carried out six times for 120 minutes per week. The instruments used for this study were the Problem Solving Inventory developed by Heppner and Petersen (1982) and Scaling question. Collected data were analyzed by paired t-test with SPSS program. RESULTS: 1) Problem solving capacity increased after solution-focused group counseling program, but a significant difference was not revealed(t=0.835, p=0.057). 2) The scores of self-confidence with the problem-solving were significantly increased when it was compared with the 1st and the 6th(t=3.587, p=0.001). CONCLUSION: It seems that the solution-focused group counseling program should be considered as an effective nursing intervention program for the nursing students by improving self-confidence with the problem-solving. As a results, this study suggests that the specific techniques used in the solution focused therapy should be applied actively in areas of counseling and communication training for the nursing students and nurses.
Complement System Proteins ; Counseling* ; Humans ; Korea ; Nursing* ; Problem Solving ; Research Design ; Students, Nursing*

This study was done to analyze the trends of research on stroke in Korea. to suggest future direction. for research on stroke. This article reviewed 75 nursing research papers on stroke done since 1990 to 2000 by examining them according to the period of publication or presentation. research design, type of subjects, measurement variables. the intervention outcome of experimental research, and theme of qualitative research. The research were as follows: 1. 26 of 75 studies were composed of master thesis and dissertation of graduate school. There were 53 nonexperimental research. 15 experimental research and 7 qualitative studies design. 2. Stroke patients subject' Characteristic were 44 and Family and Spouses of caregiver support were 28 of total studies. 3. Most measurement instruments used for research were translated and redesigned it into Korean that developed by foreigners, and development measurement instruments used Kang's ADL. 4. Family support and Social support was shown the frequently among correlational research. 5. Methodological research were development of an evaluation tool for the quality of nursing care in stroke patients. caregiver support of development of nursing intervention list. and Home care Nursing Intervention protocol. and development of client selection criteria based on the needs of services to be offered. 6. The experimental research of intervention were mostly education nursing intervention. rehabilitation program on functional recovery. support nursing intervention. and applying a home care protocol on the nursing care intervention. 7. Theme of qualitative research were family experience, home care in family experience, soobal expenence, illness experience. hope of Stroke patients and so on. Phenomenologic methodology and Granded Theory was designed of Qualitative research. On the basis of the above finding the following recommendations are made: 1. It's necessary to develop a reliable and variable measurement tool for stroke patients and family care of stroke patients. 2. It's necessary to study the comparison of Nursing Studies of stroke research abroad, the replication to establish the effect of nursing intervention stroke patients and family care of stroke patients.
Activities of Daily Living ; Caregivers ; Education ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Home Care Services ; Hope ; Humans ; Korea* ; Nursing Care ; Nursing Research ; Nursing* ; Patient Selection ; Publications ; Qualitative Research ; Rehabilitation ; Research Design ; Spouses ; Stroke*

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the longitudinal effects of children’s temperament on maternal depression. Methods: Data from a longitudinal cohort of the Panel Study of Korean Children (PSKC) from 2010 to 2012 were analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling. The survey included 1,721 mother-child dyads. The mothers reported on their children’s temperament and on maternal depression. The children’s temperament was measured by the Emotionality, Activity and Sociability-Temperament Survey for Children-Parental Ratings, while maternal depression was measured by the Kessler 6 Psychological Distress Scale. Results: The results showed that both children’s temperament and maternal depression were relatively stable when the children were between the ages of 2 to 4. The mean maternal depression scores were 11.83 in 2010, 11.88 in 2011, and 11.75 in 2012. There were significant negative correlations between the maternal depression scores and children’s ages, and sociability and activity subdomain scores ranged from r=-.05 to -.11 (p<.05). There was a significant positive correlation between children’s emotionality subdomain scores and maternal depression scores (r=.35, p<.001). Children’s temperament rament (emotionality: β=0.26, activity: β=-0.07, and sociability: β=-0.03) were significant factors in maternal depression. Conclusion These findings indicate the need for the early assessment of and intervention for children’s temperament and maternal depression. The results of this study will provide basic data for the development of nursing education programs related to early assessment and intervention to improve the health and quality of life of young children and mothers.