Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of color Doppler echocardiography for cardiac tumors .Meth-ods:Clinical data of 87 patients with cardiac tumors were retrospectively analyzed ,including their diseased loca-tion ,clinical manif′estations and echocardiography feature .Results:All cardiac tumors obtain pathologic confirma-tion .There were 73 patients (83.9% ) with benign cardiac tumors ,including 66 patients (90.4% ) with myxoma and seven patients with other types ;there were 14 patients (16.1% ) with malignant cardiac tumors .Echocardiography indicated that myxoma was often located in left atrium (n=58) ,most cases possessed pedicell,its activity was large ;Other type benign cardiac tumors feature :The 6 case (86% ) were generated inside cardiac muscle without pedicell, its echo was more strong ;malignant tumors:its attachment surface was wide without pedicell,and it may show with globular or cauliflower ,and accompanied hydropericardium mostly .Conclusion:Echocardiography can dynamically observe the form ,size ,echo and hemodynamic changes of tumors ,its diagnostic accuracy is high .Myxoma is most frequent cardiac tumor .

Objective To study the antitumor effects on human prostate cancer cell lines of a traditional Chinese medicine named atractylodes macrocephala koidz volatile oil in vitro.Methods LNCaP and DU145 cell lines were normally cultured and were divided into 4 control groups including:Blank culture without serum and without cell (group A),Blank culture with serum but without cell (group B),LNCaP cell culture with serum (group C),DU145 cell culture with serum (group D).In the meanwhile,there were 6 experimental groups:adding 50 μg/ml of atractylodes macrocephala koidz volatile oil in culture of group C1 and group D1,250ug/ml in group C2 and group D2,and 500ug/ml in group C3 and group D3.All of the 10 groups were simultaneously cultured in 24-well-plates for 48 hrs,and each group was repeatedly studied for three times.Forty-eight hours later,every 2 × 106 cells of LNCaP or DU145 was seeded into each well and atractylodes macrocephala koidz volatile oil was added in 6 experimental groups,and saline water was added into 4 control groups.Another 48 hrs later,the culture solutions of the 10 groups were separately collected for testosterone (T),estradiol (E2),progesterone (P),vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF),total prostate specific antigen (tPSA) and free prostate specific antigen (fPSA) analysis with enzyme-linked immunoassay kits.The experiment was repeated for 3 times,and the mean data were statistically analyzed by SPSS One-way ANOVA.Results The growth of cultured cells was found to have been effectively inhibited in group C1 and group D2.The inhibition severity of LNCaP cells was positively related with the drug concentration and time,while DU145 cells could only be highly inhibited (60.96％) after 24hrs drug treatments.In group C and group D,we found that both T were in very low level (0 ng/ml) whereas both E2 were in high levels (269 pg/ml and 239.81 pg/ml,P ＜ 0.05),no distinct differences showed in P; In addition,VEGF,b-FGF and fPSA were all in high values,whose values were 102.96 pg/ml and 1763.40 pg/ml,0.26 ng/ml and 6.41 ng/ml,0.16 ng/ml and 0.44 ng/ml,respectively; DU145 cells had higher values than LNCaP cells (P ＜ 0.05).As regard to the 6 experimental groups,in the groups C1,C2,C3 and D3,we found that T had been unexpectedly increased from 0 to 0.37 ng/ml (P ＜ 0.05),E2 continuously elevated from 239.81 pg/ml to 649.90 pg/ml (P ＜0.05),surprisingly P were also increased from 0.98 ng/ml to 9.83 ng/ml (P ＜0.01).On the contrary,VEGF,b-FGF and fPSA levels were all graduallydecreased,dropping down to 47.79 pg/ml and 59.56pg/ml,0 and 1.79 ng/ml,0 and 0.11 ng/ml,respectively; nevertheless,in group C2 and group D2,fPSA values were surprisingly increased from 0 and 0.04 ng/ml up to 1.78 ng/ml and 0.23 ng/ml respectively.Conclusions Atractylodes macrocephala koidz volatile oil has certain anti-tumor effects on human prostate cancer.Compared with LNCaP cells,DU145 cells have many different characteristics in sex hormone,cytokine and PSA expressions.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD). Methods Totally 234 subjects underwent coronary angiography, including 148 men and 86 women with complete data on metabolic syndrome ( MS) and abdominal ultrasonography; the mean age was 66. 6 years. The severity of CAD was assessed by coronary stenosis index (CSI). Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the Guideline on Prevention and Treatment of Blood lipid Abnormality in Chinese Adults. Results Ultrasonography revealed that 62 patients had NAFLD (26. 5%). In patients with NAFLD, the prevalence of central obesity was higher than those without NAFLD (75. 8% vs 50. 0% , P< 0.01). With regards to age, CAD patients with NAFLD were more common in patients under 60 years (27.4% vs 13.7% , P=0.005). CSI score was similar in CAD subgroup and CAD & NAFLD subgroup (P>0.05), however the age of patients in CAD & NAFLD subgroup was significantly lower compared to CAD subgroup ( P = 0.006). According to the results of logistic regression, central obesity was the independent risk factor of NAFLD (β= 1.701, P<0.001). Logistic regression demonstrated that age was independently associated with CAD (β = 0.032, P=0.027). Further more, multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that age was the single parameter that best predicted CSI score (β= 0. 125, P = 0. 022). Conclusions It is important to screen coronary artery disease in middle aged patients with central obesity or NAFLD.

Objective To explore the relation of early time secretion function of Beta cell in newly diag-nosed type 2 diabetic patient and the changes of body weight following intensification therapy of insulin. Methods 237 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were divided into 1 kg lower group, the 1-5 kg group, the 5 kg above group. The maximum body weight and waist circumference were recorded. The present body weight and waist circum-ference were measured according to OGTT study, meanwhile,30 minuets blood sugars, the insulin and the C-peptide (C-P) level and the blood pressure(BP) and the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), the early insulin secretion index (△I30/△G30) was calculated. All cases were treated for 14 days. Results Early time secretion function of Beta cell in the group keeping above lose weight 5 kg was the worst, after treatment insulin secretion level were in-creased 1.12 times and 1.86 times in 1 kg lower group than in the 1-5 kg group and above 5 kg group. Conclusions Early time secretion function of Beta cell in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patient is correlated with the maxi-mum body weight decrease.

In the present study,healthy adults who had been residing at the average altitudes of 6,2260,and 2800 m for 10 years were recruited,and the number of red blood cells,the levels of hemoglobin,and HbA1C were tested.The results showed that the level of HbA1C in altitude 2800 m group was higher compared with the other 2 groups(5.80％ ± 0.50％ vs 5.39％ ± 0.47％,P＜0.05 ).Therefore,this difference should be considered when diagnosis and treatment for diabetes mellitus were made in the region.

Sixty-one newly-diagnosed diabetic patients from high altitude area were treated individually plus metformin 1.5 g/d for 14 days. The difference of oxygen partial pressure was 3.5 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0. 133kPa) between altitude 2 260 m and 2 780 m districts. In these patients, their serum lactic acid was increased before treatment. At altitude 2 780 m district, serum lactic acid in middle-aged and elder groups were even higher [(3.90±0.85 vs 3.65±0.70), (4. 67±0.80 vs 3.69±0.78) mmol/L, both P＜0. 05＝. After 14-day treatment, serum lactic acid in middle-aged diabetic patients remained statistically unchanged [(4.50±0.50 and 3.79±0.62 ) mmol/L, P＞0.05], while that in elder patients was increased significantly [(5.59±0.55 and 5.27±0.43 ) mmol/L,P＜0. 05]. The results suggested that metformin should not be used or be used carefully in elder diabetic patients at high altitude area.

Influenza virus contains three integral membrane proteins: haemagglutinin, neuraminidase, and matrix protein (M1 and M2). Among them, M2 protein functions as an ion channel, important for virus uncoating in endosomes of virus-infected cells and essential for virus replication. In an effort to explore potential new functions of M2 in the virus life cycle, we used yeast two-hybrid system to search for M2-associated cellular proteins. One of the positive clones was identified as human Hsp40/Hdj1, a DnaJ/Hsp40 family protein. Here, we report that both BM2 (M2 of influenza B virus) and A/M2 (M2 of influenza A virus) interacted with Hsp40 in vitro and in vivo. The region of M2-Hsp40 interaction has been mapped to the CTD1 domain of Hsp40. Hsp40 has been reported to be a regulator of PKR signaling pathway by interacting with p58(IPK) that is a cellular inhibitor of PKR. PKR is a crucial component of the host defense response against virus infection. We therefore attempted to understand the relationship among M2, Hsp40 and p58(IPK) by further experimentation. The results demonstrated that both A/M2 and BM2 are able to bind to p58(IPK) in vitro and in vivo and enhance PKR autophosphorylation probably via forming a stable complex with Hsp40 and P58(IPK), and consequently induce cell death. These results suggest that influenza virus M2 protein is involved in p58(IPK) mediated PKR regulation during influenza virus infection, therefore affecting infected-cell life cycle and virus replication.
HSP40 Heat-Shock Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Orthomyxoviridae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Binding ; genetics ; Signal Transduction ; genetics ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques ; Viral Matrix Proteins ; metabolism ; Virus Replication ; genetics ; Virus Uncoating ; eIF-2 Kinase ; metabolism

Objective To compare two different methods to detect the differences of gene mutation rate, sensitivity, specificity and coincidence rate of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) so as to assess the clinical value of qRT-PCR method and its environmental-friendly technologyplatforms.One uses environmental fixative poly hydroxyl acrylic acid and green transparent liquid dewaxing Van-clear alone or in combination to replace the traditional fixative 4％ (volume fraction) neutral buffered formalin and the traditional transparent dewaxing liquid xylene in application of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).The other uses traditional reagents in direct sequencing.Methods We selected 91 cases of primary NSCLC specimens resected between May 2013 and March 2016 in Zhongshan Bo`ai Hospital and Zhongshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Five samples were taken from the same tumor lesion.We used a random number table to randomly divide these samples into Groups A, B , C, D, and E.Group A received direct sequencing method in detection of EGFR gene mutations.Besides, during the experiment, 4％ neutral buffered formalin was used for fixing, and xylene transparent dewaxing was used to make slices for DNA extraction dewaxing.Group B received qRT-PCR method to detect EGFR gene mutations.Meanwhile, during the experiment, 4％ neutral buffered formalin was used for fixing, and xylene transparent dewaxing was used to make slices for DNA extraction dewaxing.Group C received qRT-PCR method in detection of EGFR gene mutations.At the same time, during the experiment, polyhydroxy acrylic acid was used for fixing, and xylene transparent dewaxing was used to make slices for DNA extraction dewaxing.Group D received qRT-PCR method to detect EGFR gene mutations.In the meantime, 4％ neutral buffered formalin was used for fixing, Van-clear transparent dewaxing was used to make slices for DNA extraction dewaxing.Group E received qRT-PCR method in detection of EGFR gene mutations.In addition, during the experiment, polyhydroxy acrylic acid was used for fixing, and Van-clear transparent dewaxing was used to make slices for DNA extraction dewaxing.In addition, during the experiment, polyhydroxy acrylic acid was used for fixing, and Van-clear transparent dewaxing was used to make slices for DNA extraction dewaxing.The mutations of Exons 18, 19, 20, and 21 in EGFR genes were respectively determined in the five groups of NSCLC.Results ① Groups B, C, D, E and A did not significantly differ in the percentage of people with mutations or target site mutation rates of EGFR genes in NSCLC (P> 0.05).② The detection results of EGFR target site mutation in Groups B, C, D, E and A had good sensitivity, strong specificity, and high compliance rate.Conclusion The green transparent liquid dewaxing Van-clear alone or in combination to replace the traditional fixative 4％ neutral buffered formalin and the traditional transparent dewaxing liquid xylene in the application of qRT-PCR so as to detect EGFR gene mutations in NSCLC has good consistent results compared with the method that uses traditional reagents in direct sequencing.It has the significance and value in clinical application.

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between EGIL 1998 and WHO2008 criteria for the diagnosis of mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL).

METHODSThe same group patients were diagnosed for MPAL by EGIL 1998 and WHO2008 criteria, respectively. The coincidence rate of diagnosis and therapeutic response of two diagnosis standards were compared.

RESULTSA cohort of 1835 de novo acute leukemia (AL) patients admitted to our hospital from February 1996 to October 2010 were retrospectively analyzed by applying both EGIL1998 and WHO2008 classification criteria. Seventy four patients were diagnosed with MPAL according to EGIL 1998, accounting for 4.0% of all AL cases. The main subtype is M/B (54 cases, 73.0%). While 81 patients were diagnosed as MPAL, accounting for 4.4% based on WHO 2008 criteria. The most common type is also M/B (63 cases, 77.8%). Fifty nine (79.7%) cases met both criteria. In the subtypes of M/B, M/T, M/B/T and B/T, the coincidence rate is 85.2% (46/54), 56.3% (9/16), 0(0/2) and 50.0% (1/2), respectively. In the 1761 cases excluded as MPAL by EGIL1998, 22 cases can be diagnosed as MPAL by WHO 2008 classification. (2) Among the patients diagnosed as B/M MPAL by WHO2008, 13 were MPAL with t (9; 22) (q34; q11.2)/BCR-ABL1, 1 was MPAL with t (v; 11q23)/MLL-rearranged, 49 was B/myeloid not otherwise specified (NOS), 14 was T/myeloid NOS and 4 was MPAL NOS-rare types. (3) The overall final complete remission rate of the patients diagnosed by EGIL1998, 2008 WHO, met both criteria, EGIL1998 but excluded by 2008 WHO and by 2008 WHO but excluded by EGIL1998 was 69.0%, 73.5%, 73.5%, 44.4% and 73.7%, respectively, with no significant difference between any two groups based on χ(2) test (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSEGIL 1998 and WHO2008 criteria have reciprocity in the diagnosis of MPAL.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the CYP17A1 gene mutations in Chinese patients with 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17, 20-lyase deficiency.

METHODSClinical data were retrospectively analyzed. The CYP17A1 gene mutations were detected in 5 cases with 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17, 20-lyase deficiency and their relatives. The genomic DNA of the patients was isolated from whole blood. Seven pairs of primers were used to amplify eight exons and exon-intron boundaries of the CYP17A1 gene. The amplified PCR products were purified by agarose gel and then directly sequenced. In order to confirm the DNA sequences of different alleles, some fragments were inserted into pMD 18-T vector and then sequenced. Sequencing results were compared to the established human CYP17A1 sequence.

RESULTSBriefly, we found 2 kinds of compound mutations, of which were: (1) 6436-6438(TAC-->AA), causing amino acid Y329K, 418X; (2) 6531-6532(GC-->A), causing amino acid L361F, 418X. Among the five cases, four were homozygous for 6436-6438(TAC-->AA), whereas one was compound heterozygous for 6436-6438(TAC-->AA)/6531-6532(GC-->A). The clinical characteristics of 5 cases were all completely combined defects of 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17, 20-lyase, and they all carried two alleles of CYP17A1 gene mutations that all shifted the reading frame and resulted in truncated protein which lack of the activity center site of P450C17, of which corresponding with their clinical feature.

CONCLUSIONNine alleles have the mutation of 6436-6438(TAC-->AA), accounting for 90% of total alleles (9/10). That suggests this kind of mutation may have racial specificity. More study should be done to have better understanding of the function of the truncated P450C17 enzymes.

Adolescent ; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital ; enzymology ; genetics ; Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; DNA ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; DNA Primers ; Exons ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Point Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sexual Infantilism ; genetics ; Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Young Adult