Bcl-2 family plays an important role in cell apoptosis pathway. The ratio of pro-apoptosis members and anti-apoptosis members closely correlates with tumorigenesis, tumor radiosensitivity and progno-sis. Recent years ,according to the correlation of Bcl-2 family and tumor radiosensitivity, many researchers want to find new therapeutic strategies that target Bcl-2 in clinical radiotherapy.

Objective To investigate the anti-tumor pathway and the effect of recombinant E.coli. LLO/OVA in C57BL/6 mice. Methods Magnetic sorting of splenic CD11c, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell from immunized mice with E.coli. LLO/OVA and E.coli. OVA vaccination were performed. In addition, the lymphocytes mixed reaction and IL-2 and IFN-? in the supernatant were detected. The percentage of OVA257-264 SIINFEKL specific CD8+ T cell were checked by flow cytometry. B16-OVA melanoma protection and inhibition response in E.coli. vaccinated mice were compared. Results Compared to E.coli. OVA, E.coli. LLO/OVA-vaccinated splenic CD11c cells stimulated proliferation of autogenic CD4+ T cells and IL-2 production of these cells. CD11c cells induced autogenic CD8+T cells proliferation and IFN-? secretion. A great number of OVA257-264 SIINFEKL-specific splenic CD8+ T cells were induced and the number of lung tumor nodules was significantly reduced in E.coli. LLO/OVA vaccinated mice. Conclusion Recombinant LLO, as an effective adjuvant of E.coli. OVA, can induce murine splenic CD11c cells activation and play potential roles on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells proliferation and IL-2 and IFN-? secretion of these cells, induce more OVA-specific CD8+ T cells and stimulate stronger tumor inhibition in vivo of vaccinated C57BL/6 mice.

Recent studies have indicated that miRNA is an important element that regulates gene expression at the post transcriptional level. MiRNAs play important roles in development and progression of chronic disorders of many organs. This. review summarizes the recent researches on the association of miRNA with chronic liver diseases.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) with different frequencies in treating migraine.Methods: Ninety patients with migraine were divided into a low frequency electroacupuncture (LF-EA) group, a high frequency electroacupuncture (HF-EA) group and a variable frequency electroacupuncture (VF-EA) group by the random number table method. Shuaigu (GB 8), Hegu (LI 4), Waiguan (TE 5), Taichong (LR 3), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Fengchi (GB 20) and Ashi points were selected for all three groups. After achieving needling sensation (Deqi), the LF-EA group received 2 Hz continuous wave EA stimulation; the HF-EA group received 100 Hz continuous wave EA stimulation, and the VF-EA group received 2 Hz/100 Hz sparse-dense wave EA stimulation. The EA stimulation lasted for 30 min in all the three groups, once a day, 10 times as a course, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated after 2 consecutive courses of treatment. Results: After treatment, the total effective rates in the LF-EA group, HF-EA group and VF-EA group were 77.7％, 83.3％ and 93.3％, respectively. The difference in total effective rate between the LF-EA and HF-EA groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05), but the total effective rate was significantly higher in the VF-EA group than in the LF-EA and HF-EA groups (both P<0.01). After treatment, the headache scores significantly decreased in all three groups (all P<0.01). The difference in headache score between the LF-EA and HF-EA groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05), while the score was significantly lower in the VF-EA group than in the LF-EA and HF-EA groups (both P<0.01). Conclusion: VF-EA (2 Hz/100 Hz), compared with LF-EA (2 Hz) and HF-EA (100 Hz), shows superior clinical efficacy in treating migraine.

Objective To investigate the effects of taurine treatment on retina ultrastructure and glutamate receptor GLAST mRNA expression in diabetic rat.Methods Diabetic rats were fed with 1.2% taurine for 3 months.Reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) were employed to detect the expression of GLAST mRNA.Changes of retinal ultrastructure of rats were observed with transmission electronic microscope. Results From the first to the third month,the(mRNA) expression of GLAST gradually decreased in diabetic rat retina.Taurine could up-regulate the expression in this period.Membrane disc arrange was disordered and mitochondria swelled in STZ diabetic rat retina,which were ameliorated after taurine treatment.Conclusion Taurine can up-regulate the mRNA expression of GLAST and restrain excitotoxicity of glutamate.These observations suggest that taurine may play a role of nerve protection.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether taurine had retinal neuroprotective effects against glutamate-induced excitototxicity, especially in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) damage in adult rat. Methods: We used a rat model of retinal glutamate excitotoxicity induced by intravitreal injection of 40 nmol glutamate in one eye. The retinal damage was evaluated by counting the number of cells in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) in flat mount preparations of whole retinas, examining the a- and b-waves in the electroretinogram (ERG), hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and observing ultrastructure of retinas. Results: After intravitreal injection of glutamate, thinning of inner retinal layers, smaller a- and b-waves in the ERG were observed, and degenerative changes were observed in inner nuclear layer and RGCs by electron microscopy. These damages could be prevented by 25mg/kg bw taurine (intraperitoneal injection). 5mg/kg taurine had unremarkable effect. In animals that received intravitreal injection of glutamate, there was significant reduction (53%) in total cell numbers in GCL, with 75% reduction in RGCs. 25mg/kg bw taurine-treated animals showed a significant reduction in glutamate- induced RGCs loss. Conclusion:Repeated application of taurine can prevent glutamate-induced retinal neuronal cell damage, especially in RGCs and retinal functional damage in rats.

BACKGROUND: Under the pressure of mechanical action, the culture membrane will be stretched and cause the deformation of cells which adhere to the surface of culture membrane. According to this, growth regularity in different external force environments will be observed; however, how to determine the load distributions on the whole culture membrane still remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: Photomechanics method was applied for determining the out-plane displacement so as to obtain the strain distributions of the cell culture membrane. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Contrast study was performed at the Photomechanics Laboratory, School of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology from March to August 2008. MATERIALS: Culture membrane which specially used for biomedicine was made by Dow Coming Corporation, USA and the type was Q7-4750. The dimension and mechanics properties were as follows: diameter = 100 ram, thickness = 150-160 μm, modulus of elasticity E = 2.14 MPa, and Poison's ratio = 0.48. lines per millimeter; phase shift set was controlled by manual and 5 marks equal 0.1 mm; CCD camera was used for capturing moire patterns. Finally, phase was transformed into displacement so as to obtain three-dimensional appearance and manner. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Out-plane displacement information, and deflection of culture membrane including displacement and strain. RESULTS: The three-dimensional profiles of culture membrane after deformation were constructed by image processing method and the out-plane heights could be obtained. Corresponding to the total strains of 1%, 10%, 20%, and 25% for the culture membrane, the displacement of highest point was 2.28 mm, 8.32 mm, 12.12 ram, and 13.52 mm, respectively. The error was 3.5% through comparing the measured heights of culture membrane with the heights which was known for the culture membrane. It indicated that this experiment method was highly sensitivity. According to the out-plane displacements, the strains distributions along symmetrical axis were calculated and the distributions of strain were shown by parabolic curve. displacement distributions of culture membrane is obtained and shown displacement contour. Namely, the out-plane displacement of center for the membrane has the maximum heights, and the strains distributions are shown parabolic curve.

Objective To discover the operating problems through analysis of the financial situations of the rehabilitation institutions. Methods According to the different regions and different levels of rehabilitation institutions, 416 representative institutions from 26 provinc-es, municipalities and autonomous regions were surveyed. Results 329 effective questionnaires were recalled. 57.75%institutions relied on the superior departments in charge of funding, 51.09%institutions were in breakeven state. They were lack of sustainable development pow-er, and the capital expenditure was mainly used for staff salaries and equipment purchase. Conclusion To solve the shortage of funds in the development of rehabilitation institutions, we should establish a long-term mechanism of internal and external compensation.

Objective To explore the effects of acute hypoxia on the expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA in the rat hypothalamus. Methods A total of 78 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 13 groups ( n =6 in each group): control group and 12 experimental groups. Rats in the experimental groups were exposed to hypoxia in the hypobaric chamber simulating the altitudes of 3 000, 4 000, 5 000, and 6 000 m for 1, 2, and 3 d, respectively. The expression of NPY mRNA in the rat hypothalamus under the condition of acute hypoxia was detected by semi quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). Results ① Expression of NPY mRNA was detected in the rat hypothalamus in the experimental groups and the control group. ② Under the condition of acute hypoxia for the same time, the expression of NPY mRNA in the rat hypothalamus showed the tendency of decrease at increasing altitudes; ③ At the same altitude, expression of NPY mRNA in the rat hypothalamus decreased gradually with the increasing time for acute hypoxia. Conclusion Acute hypoxia can decrease the expression of NPY mRNA in the rat hypothalamus.