Objective To study apoptosis and morphological characteristics in the developing renal corpuscles of mouse kidney. Methods Light,transmission electron microscope and TUNEL technique were used to observe apoptosis in the developing renal corpuscles of different embryonic and postnatal mice. Results Apoptotic cells could be found when renal corpuscles occurred at embryonic day 14(E14).It peaked around E18 and decreased thereafter.Electron microscope revealed that apoptotic cells had morphological characteristics such as margination of condensed nuclear chromatin,shrinking cytoplasm.Apoptosis of endothelial cells and podocytes were more frequent.Two results of apoptotic cells were observed,1. being ingested by neighboring cells; 2. apoptotic cells were dropping into glomerular capillary lumens or Bowman capsules.Conclusion Apoptotic cells were found in all the time during the development of mouse renal corpuscles.It might play an important role in the development of renal corpuscles.

Objective To explore the clinical outcomes of vestibular rehabilitation therapy(VRT) in the treat‐ment of patients with balance disorders .Methods Seventy -six patients were diagnosed with vertigo based on the principle of single and double side targeted rehabilitation ,and were divided into four groups randomly .Group A of 29 cases received unilateral simple drug treatment only ,group B of 29 cases received unilateral drug treatmeat com‐bined with vestibular rehabilitation therapy ;bilateral simple drug treatment for the 9 cases in group C ,group D of 9 cases accepted bilateral drug treatment combined with vestibular rehabilitation therapy .Group A and C were the control groups while B and D were experimental groups .All cases were retrospectively analyzed to compare vestibu‐lar rehabilitation therapy combined with drugs treatment with the simple drug treatment group .Results The effects in all patients were better after treatment .The VSI scores four weeks after treatment in four groups were signifi‐cantly lower than that of before treatment .The BBS score after treatment of experimental groups were significantly higher than those of in the control groups .The Fukuda step experiment effects were better than the control group . All the above comparisons had a statistical significance(P< 0 .01) .Conclusion The clinical efficacy of normative vestibular rehabilitation exercise is satisfactory .

Through various mechanisms, malignant tumors can cause thrombosis, which in turn facilirates the growth and metastasis of tumors. Platelets interact with tumor cells to form tumor thrombosis and assist the metastasis of malignant tumors by mechanisms such as protecting tumor cells from immune surveillance and facilitating tumor cell growth and adhesion to vascular endothelial cells.

It has been suggested that aspirin may have anti-tumor effect based on animal experiments and epidemiological investigation, however, it remains controversial whether aspirin has certain effects on prostatic cancer, bladder cancer, ovarian cancer and pancreatic cancer whereas it has been well documented that long-term regular use of aspirin can significantly reduce risks of colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer and gastric cancer.

Nineteen patients with comminuted fractures in middle and distal humerus were treated by dual-plate internal fixation in the prone position in the Department of Orthopaedics,Xiangya Third Hospital of Central South University from January 2005 to June 2007.There were 12 males and 7 females.The average age of the patients was 35.63 years(range 19-65 years),among which 10 cases were left and nine cases were right.All the cases were closed comminuted fractures and 13 cases of them were simple fracture while the other six cases with radical nerve injury.Humerus metal bone plate,with pattern number YJQⅠ(recondition),was used in this study.All patients got the bone union in the average follow-up time of 10 months without complications such as delayed union,nonunion and wound infection.The average healing time was three months.Aitken and Rorabeek score:excellent in 14 cases,good in 3,common in 2,and poor in 0.Totally 89.47% of the patients achieved excellent and good effect.

Objective To explore the relationship of serum tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1),and TNFR2 with early diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes patients.Methods A total of 70 patients with type 2 diabetes and 35 healthy person were selected from December 2013 to November 2014 in the Fifth Hospital of Datong,the urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) was determined,and were divided into three groups:normal control group (n =35),simple diabetes group (n =35),and early diabetic nephropathy group (n =35).Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to determine TNFR1 and TNFR2.Results Compared to normal control group [TNFR1 (302.5 ± 60.0) pg/ml,TNFR2 (62.1 ±9.8)pg/ml],simple diabetes group [TNFR1 (515.1 ±78.1)pg/ml,TNFR2 (178.5 ±38.9)pg/ml],and early diabetic nephropathy group [TNFR1 (1 066.8 ± 205.6) pg/ml,TNFR2 (279.6 ± 37.1)pg/ml] were all increased;and early diabetic nephropathy group was higher than simple diabetes group (P＜ 0.05).The levels of TNFR1 and TNFR2 were positively correlated with age,course,glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels(P ＜0.01),and were negatively correlated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (P ＜0.01).The multiple stepwise regression analysis in eGFR had significant effects on TNFR 1 and TNFR 2 levels (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The levels of TNFR1,and TNFR2 in early diabetic nephropathy were increased.TNFR1 and TNFR2 may become new markers to evaluate early diabetic nephropathy.

Bestrophins have recently been proposed to comprise a new family of chloride channels.Homologous sequences have been found in animals,fungi and prokaryotes.Bestrophins are regulated by Ca2+,cell volume as well as auto-inhibitory domain and play important roles in olfactory transduction,fluid transport and cell proliferation.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the relationship between the drug-resistance level of pseudomonas aeruginosa and the consumption of antibiotics so as to provide scientific basis for the rational use of antibiotics.METHODS:The consumption of antibiotics in inpatients in our hospital from 2004 to 2007 and the susceptibility test results on pseudomonas aeruginosa were investigated and the data were subjected to multiple linear regression using SPSS13.0 software.RESULTS:Positive association was noted between drug resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa and the consumption of antibiotics.CONCLUSION:Antibiotics should be used rationally in accordance with clinical sensitivity test results in the treatment of infection caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa and the abuse of antibiotics should be reduced so as to reduce the production of drug-resistance bacteria.

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical efficacy on knee osteoarthritis (KOA) at the early and middle stage between electroacupuncture (EA) and meloxicam.

METHODSNinety patients of KOA at the early and middle stage were randomized into an EA group and a meloxicam group, 45 cases in each one. In the EA group, EA was applied to Dubi (ST 35), Neixiyan (EX-LE 4), Liangqiu (ST 34), Heding (EX-LE 2), Xuehai (SP 10), Yan- glingquan (GB 34) and Zusanli (ST 36); the needles were retained for 20 min and EA was applied once every two days. In the meloxicam group, the meloxicam tablets were prescribed for oral administration, 7. 5 mg, once a day. The treatment lasted for 6 weeks in the two groups. The Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score, rectus femoris muscle tension, the 8-foot walking test and 5-time sit-to-stand test were adopted to observe and compare the effects in the two groups.

RESULTSAfter treatment, every item score in WOMAC was reduced after treatment (all P < 0.05), but the difference was not significant between the two groups (all P > 0.05). In the EA group, the rectus femoris tension after treatment was reduced as compared with that before treatment (P < 0.05) and the reducing result was much more apparent as compared with that in the meloxicam group (P < 0.05). For the 8-foot walking test and 5-time sit-to-stand test, the time was shortened after treatment in the two groups (all P < 0.05) and the result in the EA group was much more obvious than that in the meloxicam group (both P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBoth EA and meloxicam are effective in the treatment of KOA at the early and middle stage. EA improves rectus femoris tension and recovers the internal mechanics balance and the efficacy is better than that of meloxicam.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Aged ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Thiazines ; therapeutic use ; Thiazoles ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Child ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans