BACKGROUND: In a health examination program, advice from physician for change of health-related behavior and distribution of health educational pamphlets is routine. This study was done prospectively to analyze factors such as personal general characteristics, results of health examination, health examination satisfaction that relate to change of health promotion attitudes and compliance towards overweight, smoking, heavy drinking, elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension. METHODS: The subject population was 689 cases from May 1997 to June 1997 in a general hospital health examination center. After health examination, 60.2%(415 cases) showed personal satisfaction by questionnaire. Three to four months later 78.4%(540 cases) responded to the telephone survey on change of health beliefs, health-related attitudes and compliance. RESULTS: In the telephone survey, 239 cases(46.0%) comprised high compliance group that had positive attitudes toward abnormal health examination results, 145 cases(27.9%) were mid compliance group, and 135cases(26.0%) were low compliance group. In males there was higher frequency of high compliance group than females(p<0.05). According to age, the older, the higher frequencies of high compliance group(p<0.05). In educational level group, the higher the educational level, the lower the frequencies of high compliance group(p<0.01). There was no difference in frequency of each compliance group between symptom motive and non-symptom motive group with each satisfaction group(p>0.05). In positive responders to the correspond advice of physician or health educational pamphlets, the frequencies for quit smoking, reduction of drinking amount, regular exercise, Compliance with taking antihypertensives, blood sugar control, diet control for dyslipidemia, taking antihyperlipidemics were higher(p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Health examination service includirg advice of physician and education changed health belief and influenced positively to health promotion attitudes. Health examination is not only important for early detection of disease but also to promote positive change of health-related behavior. Further studies are needed to understand the changing process of management of health and disease.
Antihypertensive Agents ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Chronic Disease ; Compliance ; Diet ; Drinking ; Dyslipidemias ; Early Diagnosis ; Education ; Health Education ; Health Promotion ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; Male ; Overweight ; Pamphlets ; Personal Satisfaction ; Prospective Studies ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Telephone ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to construct and test a structural equation model of self-management of liver transplant recipients based on self-determination theory. METHODS: Participants were 275 outpatients who received liver transplantation. A structured self-report questionnaire was used to assess health care providers' autonomy support, transplant-related characteristics, illness consequence perception, autonomy, competence, family relatedness, depression and self-management. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN 24.0 and AMOS 24.0 program. RESULTS: The modified model showed a good fitness with the data: GFI=.96, RMSEA=.06, CFI=.96, NFI=.93, TLI=.93, PGFI=.43, PNFI=.49. The health care providers' autonomy support, competence, family relatedness and depression were factors with a direct influence on the self-management of liver transplant recipients. The health care providers' autonomy support and illness consequence perception had an indirect influence through competence, family relatedness and depression. However, the transplant-related characteristics and autonomy did not have a significant effect on self-management. This model explained 59.4% of the variance in self-management. CONCLUSION: The result suggests that continuous education must be done to promote the competence of liver transplant recipients and to encourage the patient to positively perceive their current health condition with a view that enhances one's self-management. Additionally, the liver transplant recipients should be screened for depression, which would affect self-management. Most of all, health care providers, who have the most influence on self-management, should improve therapeutic communication and try to form a therapeutic relationship with the liver transplant recipients.
Chronic Disease ; Delivery of Health Care ; Depression ; Education ; Health Behavior ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation ; Liver* ; Mental Competency ; Outpatients ; Self Care* ; Transplant Recipients*

OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate factors affecting the discordance between body image and body mass index amongst Korean adults aged 19–39 years. METHODS: Data (N = 59,361) from the 2014 Korean Community Health Survey was analyzed using descriptive analysis, chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: To examine the factors affecting body image discordance as observed in 43.1% of participants, the group was subdivided into underestimation and overestimation. There were 36.0% of participants that were body image discordant underestimators and 7.1% were overestimators. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the underestimators tended to be men, graduated from high school, married, current/ex-smokers, ex-drinkers, had between 5 to 9 hours sleep (inclusive), had fair to good self-rated health, and demonstrated healthy weight control behavior, relative to the reference group. In comparison, overestimators tended to be in the 19–29 year group and had signs of depression. The OR of individuals who were men, married, and had healthy weight control behavior was significantly lower in the overestimators group. CONCLUSION: These findings show that tailored interventions to promote accurate body awareness should be based on the type of body image discordance. In addition, it is necessary to develop and implement a program of body image improvement that considers the factors affecting body weight discordance.
Adult* ; Body Image* ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Depression ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Overweight

Purpose: Since 2016, the Korean Triage and Acuity Scale (KTAS) algorithm has been applied to the triage process in the emergency departments (EDs) of Korea. This study aimed to investigate the facilitators of and barriers to a well-run triage function based on how Korean emergency nurses perceived the triage process and their experiences with it. Methods: Data were collected using focus group interviews from June 2018 to January 2019. Twenty emergency nurses were divided into two junior and four senior groups based on their level of clinical experience. All interviews were recorded as they were spoken and transcribed. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: The participants recognized the need for the KTAS algorithm to efficiently classify emergency patients and were working on it properly. According to the data, we extracted 4 themes and 20 subthemes. Four themes were as follows: (1) awareness about the necessity of triage, (2) facilitators to triage process, (3) barriers to triage process, and (4) suggestions for the establishment and development of triage. Conclusion From the findings of this study, various vulnerabilities of the triage process were identified, and solutions were suggested from the emergency nurses’ perspective. Educational, staffing, financial support, and periodic updates of the KTAS are needed to promote the triage process in the future.

This study identified the attributes and indicators of end-of-life nursing competency in long-term-care-hospital nurses and clarified the definition of the concept. Methods: The Competency Outcomes Performance Assessment model was used as a conceptual framework, and conceptual analysis was performed using the hybrid model presented by Schwartz-Barcott and Kim. In the theoretical phase, the attributes of end-of-life care competencies were explored through a literature review. In the fieldwork phase, focus group interview data were analyzed to derive the attributes of nursing competency at the end of life. In the final analysis phase, the attributes and indicators of end-of-life care competency were compared, analyzed, and integrated. Results: The attributes of end-of-life care competency among nurses in long-term care hospitals included comprehensive symptom management, effective communication, situational response, patient-centered care, information provision and education, resource management, demonstrating leadership, and professional development. Conclusion: End-of-life care competency in long-term-care-hospital nurses can be defined as a comprehensive set of competencies that includes symptom management, situational adaptation, effective communication, resource utilization, leadership, patient-centered care, meeting the needs of patients’ families through adequate information provision and education, and enhancing individual nursing capabilities through professional development. These results can serve as a foundation for developing tools to measure end-of-life care competencies among nurses in long-term care hospitals.

This study identified the attributes and indicators of end-of-life nursing competency in long-term-care-hospital nurses and clarified the definition of the concept. Methods: The Competency Outcomes Performance Assessment model was used as a conceptual framework, and conceptual analysis was performed using the hybrid model presented by Schwartz-Barcott and Kim. In the theoretical phase, the attributes of end-of-life care competencies were explored through a literature review. In the fieldwork phase, focus group interview data were analyzed to derive the attributes of nursing competency at the end of life. In the final analysis phase, the attributes and indicators of end-of-life care competency were compared, analyzed, and integrated. Results: The attributes of end-of-life care competency among nurses in long-term care hospitals included comprehensive symptom management, effective communication, situational response, patient-centered care, information provision and education, resource management, demonstrating leadership, and professional development. Conclusion: End-of-life care competency in long-term-care-hospital nurses can be defined as a comprehensive set of competencies that includes symptom management, situational adaptation, effective communication, resource utilization, leadership, patient-centered care, meeting the needs of patients’ families through adequate information provision and education, and enhancing individual nursing capabilities through professional development. These results can serve as a foundation for developing tools to measure end-of-life care competencies among nurses in long-term care hospitals.

This study identified the attributes and indicators of end-of-life nursing competency in long-term-care-hospital nurses and clarified the definition of the concept. Methods: The Competency Outcomes Performance Assessment model was used as a conceptual framework, and conceptual analysis was performed using the hybrid model presented by Schwartz-Barcott and Kim. In the theoretical phase, the attributes of end-of-life care competencies were explored through a literature review. In the fieldwork phase, focus group interview data were analyzed to derive the attributes of nursing competency at the end of life. In the final analysis phase, the attributes and indicators of end-of-life care competency were compared, analyzed, and integrated. Results: The attributes of end-of-life care competency among nurses in long-term care hospitals included comprehensive symptom management, effective communication, situational response, patient-centered care, information provision and education, resource management, demonstrating leadership, and professional development. Conclusion: End-of-life care competency in long-term-care-hospital nurses can be defined as a comprehensive set of competencies that includes symptom management, situational adaptation, effective communication, resource utilization, leadership, patient-centered care, meeting the needs of patients’ families through adequate information provision and education, and enhancing individual nursing capabilities through professional development. These results can serve as a foundation for developing tools to measure end-of-life care competencies among nurses in long-term care hospitals.

This study identified the attributes and indicators of end-of-life nursing competency in long-term-care-hospital nurses and clarified the definition of the concept. Methods: The Competency Outcomes Performance Assessment model was used as a conceptual framework, and conceptual analysis was performed using the hybrid model presented by Schwartz-Barcott and Kim. In the theoretical phase, the attributes of end-of-life care competencies were explored through a literature review. In the fieldwork phase, focus group interview data were analyzed to derive the attributes of nursing competency at the end of life. In the final analysis phase, the attributes and indicators of end-of-life care competency were compared, analyzed, and integrated. Results: The attributes of end-of-life care competency among nurses in long-term care hospitals included comprehensive symptom management, effective communication, situational response, patient-centered care, information provision and education, resource management, demonstrating leadership, and professional development. Conclusion: End-of-life care competency in long-term-care-hospital nurses can be defined as a comprehensive set of competencies that includes symptom management, situational adaptation, effective communication, resource utilization, leadership, patient-centered care, meeting the needs of patients’ families through adequate information provision and education, and enhancing individual nursing capabilities through professional development. These results can serve as a foundation for developing tools to measure end-of-life care competencies among nurses in long-term care hospitals.

No abstract available.
Antibodies, Monoclonal* ; Borrelia burgdorferi* ; Borrelia* ; Lyme Disease*

PURPOSE: Tumor growth in a given neoplasm is the net result of cell proliferation and cell loss, and apoptosis is the most significant component of continuous cell loss in most tumors. In this study, we examined non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL, n=67) immunohistochemically for the presence of Bcl-2 oncoprotein and P53 protein and compared apoptotic indices (AIs) and Ki-67 proliferative indices (percentages of Ki-67 positive cells). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 67 patients with NHL were evaluated : 3 low-grade and 64 intermediate-grade. The phenotype was determined in 65 cases : 47 (70%) were B cell type and 18 (27%) were T cell type. AIs and Ki-67 proliferative indices were determined immunohistochemically and the overexpression of P53 and Bcl-2 protein were also evalutated. RESULTS: The overexpressions of Bcl-2 protein and P53 protein were found in 40% (26/65) and 31% (20/ 65). The AI ranged from 0% to 15% (mean 2.16, median 1.2). Cellular Bcl-2, which counteracts apoptosis, was significantly ( p=0.005) associated with AIs. Ki-67 proliferative indices ranged from 1% to 91% (mean 55.4), and P53 was significantly ( p=0.000) associated with Ki-67 proliferative indices. A positive correlation between AIs and Ki-67 proliferative indices was revealed ( p=0.012) in Bcl-2 positive patients. CONCLUSION: In NHL, we observed a correlation between AIs and Bcl-2 expression, between Ki-67 proliferative indices and P53 expression, and between AIs and Ki-67 proliferative indices in Bcl-2 positive patients. Our results suggest that cell apoptosis may be inseparable from cell proliferation during tumor growth.
Apoptosis* ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin* ; Phenotype