China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Metabolic Syndrome ; epidemiology ; prevention & control

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Diarrhea ; therapy ; Humans ; Male

Objective To explore the effects of gestation exposure to dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTD) on the activity of enzymes in the testis and the spermatogenesis function in the mature male offspring of Wistar rats. Methods The pregnant rats were treated with DBTD by gavage at the doses of 0, 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg for days, from 12th-20th days of gestation. On 70th postnatal day, 10 male offspring rats were selected randomly from each group for measurements of the viscera coefficient of testis and the sperm count in epididymis, the activity of enzymes of testis was determined by spectrophotometry. Results There were no significant differences seen in the body weight gain of pregnant rats from days 12-20 of gestation, litter size, sex ratio of fetuses and body weight of male offspring rats between the experimental groups and the control group. The testis weight and viscera coefficient of testis in 30 mg/kg group increased significantly compared with the control group(P

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of QianlieShutong capsule in combination with tamsulosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia ( BPH) and its effects on serum testosterone and estrogen.Methods 114 cases of BPH were randomly divided into control group (n=54) and observation group (n=60).The control group were treated with tamsulosin, while the observation group were treated with QianlieShutong capsule in combination with tamsulosin.Then, the curative efficacy, improvement of related indexes, level of serum testosterone, estrogen and adverse reactions were compared.Results The observation group had a total therapeutic efficacy ratio of 95.0%, which was statistically higher than that of 83.3% in control group (P<0.05).In comparison with control group after the treatment, international prostate symptom score (IPSS), residual urine (Ru), prostate volume (PV) in observation group statistically decreased, and maximum flow rate (Qmax), level of estrogen increased (all P<0.05), while level of testosterone in two groups was statistically same.During the treatment, there’ s no case of severe adverse reaction.And the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 13.3%, which was statistically same with that of 11.1% in control group.Conclusion Combined treatment of QianlieShutong capsule and tamsulosin is effective for BPH, which can significantly increase curative efficacy, improve related indexes and regulate level of sexual hormone with minor adverse reactions.

Objective To evaluate the practicability of CHROMagar orientation medium combined with simple biochemical tests for identification of common oxidase-negtive gram-negative bacilli.Methods The CHROMagar orientation medium was used together with biochemical tests including indole test , ornithine decarboxylase test and lysine decarboxylase test for identification of common oxidase -negtive gram-negative bacilli.The sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio, Youden index and Kappa value of the diagnostic assays were evaluated .McNemar test was performed to evaluate facticity, accuracy and cost of the method in com-parison with the Vitek-2 system as reference method .Results The identification of oxidase-negtive gram-negative bacilli from 318 bacterial strains showed that the sensitivities and specificities of CHROMagar orien-tation mediumm in combination with simple biochemical tests to Serratia marcescens, Stenotrophomonas mal-tophilia and Acinetobacter baumannii reached 100%, and for Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes and Klebsiella pneumoiae were above 90%.The specificities for identification of Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Citrobacter freundii and Proteus mirabilis were all above 90%, but the sensitivities were around 75%-90%.Kappa values of the assays were above 0.85, howerer, which was only 0.5947 for Citrobacter freundii.McNemar test showed that all P values were above 0.05, and cost of the assays was reduced by 90%.Conclusion CHROMagar orientation medium in combination with simple biochemical tests is a cost-effective assay for identification of common oxidase-negtive gram-negative bacilli .

Fatal anaphylactic shock is common in forensic practice. However, it is difficult to diagnose for lacking specific pathological and morphologic changes in forensic autopsy. The application of some biochemical indicators is of great significance. This paper reviews the biological characteristics of some biochemical indicators and detection methods. The forensic application, problems and prospects of these indicators are also introduced in details. The stable biochemical indicators, IgE, tryptase and chymase, show great potential and advantages in the identification of fatal anaphylactic shock in forensic medicine.

BACKGROUND:The main treatment of lumbar isthmic spondylolisthesis is the surgery, in a broader attempt to decompression, reduction, fixation and fusion of the lesioned segments. The golden standard of the treatment is biological fusion, while internal fixation is a reliable assistance for fusion therapy. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To discuss the clinical value and curative effect of intervertebral fusion cage combined with pedicle screw systems for the treatment of lumbar isthmic spondylolisthesis. ＜br> METHODS:From March 2010 to March 2013, 21 cases of isthmic spondylolisthesis were treated with intervertebral fusion cage combined with pedicle screw systems, including 18 cases of spondylolisthesis of degree II and 3 cases of spondylolisthesis of degree III. Al patients were fol owed up regularly, taking JOA lumbago score and visual analog scale score as the objective evaluation criteria of pain in postoperative fol ow-ups. The curative effect was assessed by Macrab standard, and the functional recovery was evaluated based on indicators such as Prolo, and the spinal fusion rate was assessed according to Lenke criteria. Changes of slippage rate, slippage angle, sacral inclination angle and intervertebral space post height in preoperative and postoperative periods were evaluated by iconography data. ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al the 21 patients with isthmic spondylolisthesis were fol owed up for 12-16 months. JOA lumbago score and vasual analog scale score of al patients were improved after treatment, and the difference was statistical y significant compared with before treatment (P=0.000). According to Macrab evaluation criteria, there were 17 excellent cases and 4 good cases. Each indicator evaluated by preoperative Prolo activities and symptom grading showed significant differences in preoperative and postoperative periods (P=0.003). Postoperative lumbar spondylolisthesis was basical y reset, the slippage angle was significantly reduced, the sacral inclination angle was increased, and the height of the intervertebral space was recovered basical y. Intervertebral fusion cage combined with pedicle screw systems was one of the effective strategies to treat lumbar isthmic spondylolisthesis.

Objective To analyze the related rules and prognosis analysis for lymphatic metastasis in patients for Siewert Ⅱ and Ⅲ adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction.Methods This study retrospectively reviewed 65 patients who underwent radical surgery for Siewert Ⅱ and Ⅲ adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction in Beijing Friendship Hospital between July 2013 and March 2017.The primary indicators were sex,age,tumor site,tumor size,macroscopic type,histological type,depth of invasion,operation,tumor emboli and carcinoma nodes.The clinical characteristics and pathological features were analyzed by using Logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.Follow-tup using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect patients' diseases and postoperative survival up to April 2017.Results Lymph node metastasis was observed in 41 of 65 patients (63.1％).Lymph node metastasis frequency was found in No.1,No.2,No.3,No.7,No.11 and No.110 lymph nodes.The incidences of those lymph node metastasis were 45.3％,32.5％,28.8％,22.5％,19.4％ and 8.2％.The metastasis rate of the tumors with diameter over 2 cm was higher than the tumors which were less than 2 cm (71.9％ vs 0;P =0.000);The observed rate of lymph node metastasis was 0,12.5％,69％,95.2％ in early cancer (T1) and advanced cancer (T2-T4) (P=0.000) respectively.The metastasis rate of highly differentiated Siewert Ⅱ and Ⅲ adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction was 45.2％ lower than poorly differentiated tumors 79.4％ (P =0.009).Thirty-three cases were found with lymphatic embolus,28 of them (84.8％) were found to be combined with lymph node metastasis among them (P =0.001).All the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The results of multivariable analyzed by binary logistic regression analysis revealed that neoplasms histologic type and lymphatic embolus were independent risk factors for lymph node metastasis of Siewert Ⅱ and Ⅲ adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction.Sixty-five patients were followed up for 1-45 months,with a median time of 18.81 months.Although there was no statistically significant difference,3 years-overall survival rate showed tumor without lymph node metastasis has better prognosis than with lymph node metastasis and early stage tumor also has better prognosis than advanced tumor.Conclusions Lymph node metastasis of Siewert Ⅱ and Ⅲ adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction is related with histological type of tumor and lymphatic embolus.For Siewert Ⅱ and Ⅲ adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction,the incidence of lymphatic metastasis were higher appear in abdominal cavity,which included No.1,No.2,No.3,No.7 and No.11;Meanwhile,the metastasis of mediastinal lymph node is given priority to No.110 lymph node.Therefore,radical total gastrectomy combined with standard D2 lymphadenectomy and No.110 lymphadenectomy are performed in order to improving the prognosis.For patients with lymph node metastasis and tumor in advanced stage,long-term prognosis remains to be further study.

Problem-based learning (PBL) teaching method combined with formative evalua-tion was used in the teaching practice of pediatrics education. This method was implemented by four phases: courses designing, group-preparing, problems-organizing and teaching practice. The method was evaluated by students' feedback and survey results of patients, teachers and teaching councilors. It was showed that the teaching effects of PBL combined with formative evaluation was better than tra-ditional teaching method in pediatrics teaching.

Objective To investigate the change of urinary podocalyxin(PCX) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and its association with the oxidative stress in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM ) complicating dif‐ferent degrees of diabetic nephropathy .Methods Totally 186 patients with T2DM were divided into the pure T2DM (SDM ,62 ca‐ses) ,trace amount group(NA group ,60 cases) and massive amount group(MA group ,64 cases) according to the 24 h urinary albu‐min excretion rate(UAER) .60 cases of normal 24 h UAER were taken as the control group(NC group) .The levels of PCX ,VEGF , superoxide dismutase (SOD) ,malondialdehyde(MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐px)were determined .Results Compared with other three groups ,the level of VEGF ,PCX and MDA in the MA group were highest(P<0 .01) ,while the levels of SOD and GSH‐px were lowest(P<0 .01 ,P<0 .05) .VEGF ,UAER ,HbA1c were the independent risk factors for urinary PCX .Conclusion In patients with diabetic nephropathy ,urinary PCX and VEGF are correlated with the oxidative stress ,while the oxidative stress is closely correlated with glomerular podocyte injury .