No abstract available.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Mannitol* ; Renal Insufficiency*

This erratum is being published to revise the website address of the Korean Reference Genome Database (KRGDB) and correct two typographical errors in the article.

No abstract available.
Humans ; Biomarkers, Tumor*

No abstract available.
Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome* ; Pregnancy*

We present a case of mucous gland adenoma arising from the main bronchus of the lower lobe of the left lung in terms of clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural aspects as well as review of related literatures. The patient, a 31-year-old female, was admitted to Catholic University Medical College Hospital with complaints of coughing and purulent sputum for about seven years. The chest CT showed a severely calcified tumor in the left lower lobe of the lung. Grossly, the calcified tumor arising from the main bronchus protruded into the lumen and showed bronchiectasis of the lower lobe and atelectasis of the upper lobe of the lung. The tumor was pale brown-gray and sharply circumscribed and showed some small cystic spaces filled with mucoid material. Microscopically, most of the tumor showed dystrophic calcification. The growth pattern of the tumor is composed of cysts, tubules, and glands lined by cytologically bland columnar, cuboidal, or flattened mucus secreting cells. Electron micrograph of tumor cells showed some round or oval mucous granules measuring 0.5-1.8 micrometer.
Adenoma* ; Adult ; Bronchi* ; Bronchiectasis ; Cough ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; Mucus ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Sputum ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: Bronchial asthma is classically defined as a reversible obstruction and hypsrresponsiveness of the airway attributed to an inflammatory process. However, some individuals with asthma show an irreversible component of airflow obstruction. It may be associated with structural changes in the airway resulting from severe or long standing air- way inflammation and remodelling. OBJECTIVE: The study was undertaken to compare the clinical characteristics of patient and airway remodelling as shown in bronchial wall thickness in HRCT according to the duration of asthma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective clinical study was done on 119 patients with bronchial asthma, who had been admitted to Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital. Patients were divided to three groups according to disease duration and, clinical characteristics, pulmonary function test and HRCT were done. RESULTS: Basal FEV, and FVC was significantly lower in patient with longer duration. (p<0. 05) However pulmonary function was improved regardless of disease duration after 2 weeks steroid and bronchodilator therapy, and there was no significant difference in level changes according to the disease duration. The inner diameter of the bronchi and thickness of the bronchial wall at segmental and subsegmental bronchi increased significantly in patient with longer duration of asthma(p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings showed that airway remodelling was more extensive in patients with longer duration of disease resulting in decreased pulmonary function. These facts suggested that early anti-inflammatory therapy would be helpful for prevention of airway remodelling.
Airway Remodeling* ; Asthma* ; Bronchi ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: The effect of spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric tetracaine and bupivacaine, with and without 1:1000 epinephrine were studied in 60 patients having perianal operation in the horizontal lithotomy position. METHODS: The 60 patients were divided into four groups(n=15 in each group). Patients in group I and II received 0.5% hyperbaric tetracaine 7 mg(1.4 ml) and normal saline 0.2 ml (group I) or epinephrine 0.2 mg (0.2 ml) (group II) and patients in group III and IV received 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 7 mg (1.4 ml) and normal saline 0.2 ml (group III) or epinephrine 0.2 mg (0.2 ml) (group IV). After intrathecal injection, changes and durations of sensory block, motor block and anal tone block were checked. RESULTS: The sensory block level was similar in four groups and the duration of analgesia was significantly longer in bupivacaine groups (III and IV) than in tetracaine groups (I and II) (in turn, group IV, II, III and I). Tetracaine groups were earlier onset of motor block, a larger number of patients with motor block and significantly longer duration of motor block than bupivacaine groups (in turn, group II, I, IV and III). The onset of anal tone block was earlier in tetracaine groups as the onset of motor block, but the duration of anal tone block was significantly longer in bupivacaine groups as the duration of analgesia (in turn, group IV, II, III and I). Epinephrine 0.2 mg produced significant prolongation of durations of analgesia, motor block and anal tone block of the hyperbaric tetracaine and bupivacaine. Cardiovascular change was similar in four groups and most common complication in all groups after spinal anesthesia was urinary retention. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the hyperbaric tetracaine and bupivacaine are appropriate anesthetic agents for perianal surgery and epinephrine produce a significant prolongation of the postoperative analgesic duration in both anesthetic agents.
Analgesia ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Anesthetics ; Bupivacaine* ; Epinephrine ; Humans ; Injections, Spinal ; Tetracaine* ; Urinary Retention

Subclavian vein cannulation as a central venous route is a simple and rapid beside procedure and most reliable method. The supraclavicular approach to the subclavian vein depended on a fixed entry point and accurate angulation of the needle and is particularly free from infection and phlebitis although catheters have been left in situ for long-term period. Tension pneumothorax is a complication of subclavian vein cannulation. The incidence of pneumothorax in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) is higher than in the general population and can result in serious respiratory compromise. Because pneumothorax is a serious complication in COPD, its presence must be anticipated so that close and prompt treatment, including immediate re-expansion of the lung, is offered. Authors presented one case that the patient with COPD developed tension pneumothorax in right side lung resulting from inadvertent lung injury during supraclavicular subclavian vein cannulation under general anesthesia and on trendelenberg position. The patient was treated with immediate thoraeostomy and recovered uneventfully.
Anesthesia, General ; Catheterization* ; Catheters ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lung ; Lung Diseases, Obstructive ; Lung Injury ; Needles ; Phlebitis ; Pneumothorax* ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* ; Subclavian Vein* ; Veins

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to understand the experiences of mental health hospital workers. METHODS: Participants in the study were a total of 8 mental health hospital workers who consisted of nurses, social welfare workers and health managers. To prevent them from being omitted, the interviews were all recorded under the participants prior agreement. The method was analysis using the phenomenological method proposed by Colaizzi(1978). RESULTS: The experiences of the participants of this study were classified into 15 significant areas, from which 10 subjects hard work, conflicts, heavy feeling, irritability, getting familiar, changes of recognition, aptitude determination, feeling of achievement and sense of pride were drawn out. These subjects were then grouped into 5 themes. These five themes were finally grouped into 5 categories, negative emotion, depressive emotion, changes of thinking, delight and value discovery. CONCLUSIONS: The study tried to analyze the experiences of key informants like nurses, social welfare workers and health managers all of whom were serving at mental health hospitals, contribute to social recognition about the special medical establishment, promote qualitative mental health nursing and further provide educational information necessary for understanding mental health hospital workers.
Health Personnel/*psychology ; Helping Behavior ; Hospitals, Psychiatric ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; *Mental Health ; Models, Nursing ; Nursing Staff, Hospital/*psychology ; Workplace/psychology