This study aimed to identify influencing factors on health-related quality of life by examining relationships among sleep quality, physical activity, and health-related quality of life in older adults living in the community using a Fitbit and self-rated questionnaire. Methods: The participants were adults aged 65 years and above who were recruited from one senior university and three senior citizen centers. A total of 106 participants were included in the analysis. The data were analyzed with t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlations, and multiple regression analysis. Results: According to multiple regression analysis regarding objectively measured sleep quality and physical activity using a Fitbit, the factors affecting the health-related quality of life were age (β=-.30, p=.006), subjective health status as ‘moderate’ (β=.33, p=.001), and subjective health status as ‘good’ (β=.41, p=.001). In terms of using a self-rated questionnaire, the factors affecting health-related quality of life were age (β=-.27, p=.010), subjective health status as ‘moderate’ (β=.32, p=.001), subjective health status as ‘good’ (β=.37, p=.001), and physical activity (β=.18, p=.030). Conclusion: Although the findings may not be generalizable to community-dwelling older adults due to our convenience samples, this study suggests that customized physical activity programs are required to improve health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults of different age groups.

This study aimed to identify influencing factors on health-related quality of life by examining relationships among sleep quality, physical activity, and health-related quality of life in older adults living in the community using a Fitbit and self-rated questionnaire. Methods: The participants were adults aged 65 years and above who were recruited from one senior university and three senior citizen centers. A total of 106 participants were included in the analysis. The data were analyzed with t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlations, and multiple regression analysis. Results: According to multiple regression analysis regarding objectively measured sleep quality and physical activity using a Fitbit, the factors affecting the health-related quality of life were age (β=-.30, p=.006), subjective health status as ‘moderate’ (β=.33, p=.001), and subjective health status as ‘good’ (β=.41, p=.001). In terms of using a self-rated questionnaire, the factors affecting health-related quality of life were age (β=-.27, p=.010), subjective health status as ‘moderate’ (β=.32, p=.001), subjective health status as ‘good’ (β=.37, p=.001), and physical activity (β=.18, p=.030). Conclusion: Although the findings may not be generalizable to community-dwelling older adults due to our convenience samples, this study suggests that customized physical activity programs are required to improve health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults of different age groups.

This study aimed to identify influencing factors on health-related quality of life by examining relationships among sleep quality, physical activity, and health-related quality of life in older adults living in the community using a Fitbit and self-rated questionnaire. Methods: The participants were adults aged 65 years and above who were recruited from one senior university and three senior citizen centers. A total of 106 participants were included in the analysis. The data were analyzed with t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlations, and multiple regression analysis. Results: According to multiple regression analysis regarding objectively measured sleep quality and physical activity using a Fitbit, the factors affecting the health-related quality of life were age (β=-.30, p=.006), subjective health status as ‘moderate’ (β=.33, p=.001), and subjective health status as ‘good’ (β=.41, p=.001). In terms of using a self-rated questionnaire, the factors affecting health-related quality of life were age (β=-.27, p=.010), subjective health status as ‘moderate’ (β=.32, p=.001), subjective health status as ‘good’ (β=.37, p=.001), and physical activity (β=.18, p=.030). Conclusion: Although the findings may not be generalizable to community-dwelling older adults due to our convenience samples, this study suggests that customized physical activity programs are required to improve health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults of different age groups.

This study aimed to identify influencing factors on health-related quality of life by examining relationships among sleep quality, physical activity, and health-related quality of life in older adults living in the community using a Fitbit and self-rated questionnaire. Methods: The participants were adults aged 65 years and above who were recruited from one senior university and three senior citizen centers. A total of 106 participants were included in the analysis. The data were analyzed with t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlations, and multiple regression analysis. Results: According to multiple regression analysis regarding objectively measured sleep quality and physical activity using a Fitbit, the factors affecting the health-related quality of life were age (β=-.30, p=.006), subjective health status as ‘moderate’ (β=.33, p=.001), and subjective health status as ‘good’ (β=.41, p=.001). In terms of using a self-rated questionnaire, the factors affecting health-related quality of life were age (β=-.27, p=.010), subjective health status as ‘moderate’ (β=.32, p=.001), subjective health status as ‘good’ (β=.37, p=.001), and physical activity (β=.18, p=.030). Conclusion: Although the findings may not be generalizable to community-dwelling older adults due to our convenience samples, this study suggests that customized physical activity programs are required to improve health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults of different age groups.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify the spiritual well-being and spiritual care of hospice team members. METHOD: Between December 2005 and February 2006, a questionnaire was given to 192 hospice team members. The instruments used in this study were the Spiritual Well-Being Scale(SWBS) developed by Paloutzian, & Ellison(1984), and a Spiritual Care Performance Scale developed by the authors. RESULTS: The levels of spiritual well-being were relatively high: significantly lower in the 25-29 years old, in the unmarried, and in the 1-2 million won income groups, and significantly higher in Protestants, Catholics, clergy, and volunteers. The levels of performance of spiritual care were intermediate; significantly higher in clergy, and those with 10 or more years of experience. There was a positive correlation between: levels of spiritual well-being and age; levels of spiritual well-being and performance of spiritual care; and levels of performance of spiritual care and age. The factors affecting the levels of spiritual well-being included religion, age, and performance of spiritual care. The factors affecting the levels of performance of spiritual care were the years of hospice experience and spiritual well-being. CONCLUSION: Because there was a positive correlation between levels of spiritual well-being and performance of spiritual care, there is a need to develop a strategies to increase the spiritual well-being of hospice team members.
Clergy ; Hospice Care ; Hospices* ; Humans ; Protestantism ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Single Person ; Spirituality ; Volunteers

PURPOSE: Infiltrating lobular carcinoma (ILC) represents approximately 10% of all breast cancers. Its detection and staging for appropriate surgical planning may be difficult on account of its unique growth pattern, including a linear file arrangement of the tumor cells and a planar growth pattern and the resulting low density of the lesions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological features of an ILC of the breast including multifocality, the preoperative accuracy of the pathological diagnostic tools, and its impact on the surgical procedure. METHODS: Between 1997 and 2003 at the Asan Medical Center, a group of 63 patients with a pathologically proven invasive lobular carcinoma who had undergone surgery were included. They were all in stage I~III, and their medical records, mammographic and sonographic results, and pathologic findings were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Of the 63 patients with a mean age of 48 years (range 35 to 70), multifocal lesions were identified in 27.0% by a pathological examination. For a preoperative evaluation of a multifocal lesion, the sensitivity and positive prediction value were 21.4% and 50% by mammography, and 92.9% and 52.0% by ultrasonography, respectively. Only 27.0% of all patients were confirmed as having an ILC preoperatively; surgical excision or incision biopsies 75%, core-needle biopsy 36.4%, frozen biopsy 22.7%, FNA 5.9%. Conservative surgery was performed in only 14.3% and a mastectomy was performed on 85.5%. The mean tumor size was 3.0 cm, and according to the TNM stage, stage I was found in 22.2%, stage II in 58.7%, stage III in 19.1%. ER-positive was found in 83.9% and PR-positive was found in 74.2%. Seven out of 11 patients, who underwent the planed conserving surgery, had a positive resection margin, 1 case had re- excision, 2 cases underwent mastectomies, and 4 cases underwent radiation therapy without additional surgery. CONCLUSION: Since invasive lobular carcinomas have more often multifocal lesions and a preoperative accurate evaluation may be difficult pathologically or radiologically, a careful evaluation of the accurate tumor extent as well as the multifocal lesion is needed particularly for patients with an ILC considering conserving surgery.
Biopsy ; Breast* ; Carcinoma, Lobular* ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Mammography ; Mastectomy ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography

BACKGROUND: We analyzed our experience of arrhythmia surgery in patients with congenital heart disease. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A retrospective review was performed on 43 consecutive patients with congenital heart disease, who underwent arrhythmia surgery between June 1998 and June 2006. RESULT: The median age at surgery was 52 years (4~75 years). The most frequent cardiac anomaly was an atrial septal defect (23/43, 53.5%). The types of arrhythmias were atrial flutter-fibrillation, intermittent non-sustainable ventricular tachycardia and others in 37, 2 and 4, respectively. Arrhythmia surgery consisted of a bi-atrial maze operation in 18 patients (modified cox maze III procedure in 5 patients, and a right side maze plus pulmonary vein cryo-isolation in 13), right side maze operation in 18 patients, cavo-tricuspid isthmus cryoablation for benign atrial flutter in 4 patients, right ventricular endocardial cryoablation in 2 patients and extranodal cryoablation for atrioventricular node re-entry tachycardia in 1 patient. The median follow-up was 23.8 months (1~95.2 months). There was no early mortality, and one late non-cardiac related death. The overall rates of restored sinus rhythm before discharge and 3~6 months after surgery were 79% and 81%, respectively (bi-atrial maze group: 72% and 83%, right-side maze group: 77%, 77%). CONCLUSION: Arrhythmias associated with congenital heart disease can be safely treated surgically with an excellent intermediate-term outcome.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Atrial Flutter ; Atrioventricular Node ; Cryosurgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Defects, Congenital* ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Humans ; Mortality ; Pulmonary Veins ; Retrospective Studies ; Tachycardia ; Tachycardia, Ventricular

This study focused on investigation of the immunosuppressive inhibitory effect through determination of IL-2 production of nine compounds (1 − 9) isolated from Chlamydomonas sp. KSF108. Among them, compounds 1, 5, and 6 displayed moderately inhibitory effects on IL-2 production at a concentration of 100 μM. In addition, the related ones including cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant activities were also elucidated. 6 further displayed cytotoxic activity against the MCF-7 cell line, with an IC50 value of 17.2 μM and 4, 6 − 7, and 9 possessed significant DPPH radical scavenging activity, with IC50 values ranging from 3.1 to 4.4 μM. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the bioactivity of isolated chemical constituents from the genus Chlamydomonas. Compounds 1 and 5 investigated for the first time in the activity of immunosuppressivity and 6 may come to serve as the most important marker in broad-spectrum activities of the secondary metabolites identified from C. sp. KSF108.

The bone is a common site for metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, bone marrow metastasis from HCC is rarely reported, and its frequency is unclear. Here we report a rare case of bone marrow metastasis that presented as bicytopenia originating from HCC without bone metastasis. A 58-year-old man was admitted for investigation of a liver mass with extensive lymph node enlargement that was detected when examining his general weakness and weight loss. Laboratory findings revealed anemia, thrombocytopenia, mild elevated liver enzymes, normal prothrombin time percentage and high levels of tumor markers (α-fetoprotein and des-γ-carboxyprothrombin). Abdominal computed tomography showed multiple enhanced masses in the liver and multiple enlarged lymph nodes in the abdomen. A bone marrow biopsy revealed only a few normal hematopoietic cells and abundant tumor cells. Despite its rarity, bone marrow metastasis should always be suspected in HCC patients even if accompanied by cirrhosis.
Biomarkers/analysis ; Bone Marrow/*pathology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*diagnosis ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/*diagnosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography ; Protein Precursors/analysis ; Prothrombin/analysis ; Thrombocytopenia/diagnosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; alpha-Fetoproteins/analysis