Aniridia is a relatively rare congenital anomaly and its incidence is about 1:100, 000.Main features of aniridia include congenitally partial or nearly complete absence of the iris and hypoplasia of optic disc and fovea. It is almost bilateral and occurred as an autosomal dominant trait.However, some patients develop both sporadic nonfamilial aniridia and Wilms 'tumor, and another group of patients is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. We observed aniridia in two generations, as mother and two daughters. They had cataract, nystagmus, neovascularization of corneal margin and pannus formation, as well as aniridia.We also found hypoplasia of optic disc and fovea in mother. We have operated on mother with phacoemulsified lens aspiration and posterior chamber IOL implantation in both eyes consecutively.The postoperative visual acuity following lens extraction improved, but was not corrected. In addition, intraocular pressure decreased.
Aniridia* ; Cataract ; Family Characteristics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intraocular Pressure ; Iris ; Mothers ; Nuclear Family ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To evaluate surgical effect of Medpor(R) Barrier Sheet, by comparing with postoperative outcomes using Medpor(R) Barrier Sheet and Medpor(R) in orbital wall reconstruction. METHOD: We have retrospectively analyzed clinical features and postoperative outcomes in two groups. One group is 29 patients who had undergone orbital wall reconstruction using Medpor(R) Barrier Sheet, the other group is 26 patients who had undergone orbital wall reconstruction using Medpor(R). RESULTS: The violence was the most common cause of the orbital wall fractures, the most common fracture site was inferior wall in the two groups. There were no significant differences between the two groups in improvement of diplopia and limitation of extraocular movement(p>0.05). The mean amount of enophthalmic correction were 1.15 mm in Medpor(R) Barrier Sheet group and 1.39 mm in Medpor(R) group. Three cases of Medpor(R) Barrier Sheet group and two cases of Medpor(R) group caused the infraorbital hypoesthesia, but prolapse or dislocation of implant was not found in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, Medpor(R) Barrier Sheet had similar surgical effect to regular Medpor(R); its advantages over regular Medpor(R) were easy intraoperative manipulation and less adherence of extraocular muscle in reconstruction of orbital wall fractures. But when cost- effectiveness is considered, Medpor(R) Barrier Sheet may be a good available implant in orbital wall reconstruction for the selective cases with extraocular muscle exposed.
Diplopia ; Dislocations ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Orbit* ; Prolapse ; Retrospective Studies ; Violence

Retained intraorbital foreign body after penetrating orbital injury may affect adjacent tissue and lead to many ophthalmological sequeles such as visual disturbance, EOM limitation, diplopia, strabismus, orbital cellulitis and orbital abscess. If intraorbital foreign body intrudes into adjacent CNS system, it may lead to fatal complications such as meningitis and brain abscess. We should diagnose and treat intraorbital foreign body early and accurately to prevent complications, and rehabilitate damaged tissue anatomically and functionally. A patient with retained intraorbital foreign body after penetrating lower lid injury was transferred to our hospital for lid swelling and periocular pain. We diagnosed and confirmed intraorbital foreign body with use of plain X ray and orbital CT, and removed it with lateral orbitotomy surgical approach.
Abscess ; Brain Abscess ; Diplopia ; Foreign Bodies* ; Humans ; Meningitis ; Orbit ; Orbital Cellulitis ; Strabismus

Retained intraorbital foreign body after penetrating orbital injury may affect adjacent tissue and lead to many ophthalmological sequeles such as visual disturbance, EOM limitation, diplopia, strabismus, orbital cellulitis and orbital abscess. If intraorbital foreign body intrudes into adjacent CNS system, it may lead to fatal complications such as meningitis and brain abscess. We should diagnose and treat intraorbital foreign body early and accurately to prevent complications, and rehabilitate damaged tissue anatomically and functionally. A patient with retained intraorbital foreign body after penetrating lower lid injury was transferred to our hospital for lid swelling and periocular pain. We diagnosed and confirmed intraorbital foreign body with use of plain X ray and orbital CT, and removed it with lateral orbitotomy surgical approach.
Abscess ; Brain Abscess ; Diplopia ; Foreign Bodies* ; Humans ; Meningitis ; Orbit ; Orbital Cellulitis ; Strabismus

PURPOSE: We present our results in the reconstruction of medial orbital wall fractures using a transcaruncular approach. METHODS: Forty-five patients with isolated medial orbital wall fractures underwent reconstruction by transcaruncular approach in our clinic between May 2003 and October 2007, and were followed up for 6 months or more. RESULTS: Thirty-three males and 12 females were included in this study, with a mean age of 34.9 years. The most common indication for reconstruction were large sized fractures more than 50%. Operations were performed at a mean 11.9 days after trauma. Among 18 patients who had diplopia before the operation, 16 (89%) patients had symptom relief or improvement, and in the 2 patients where diplopia persisted, it did not in primary and down gaze and offered no difficulties in daily activities. Among 34 patients who had enophthalmos before the operation, most (n=30) of the patients had minimal enophthalmos not more than 2 mm, 4 patients had enophthalmos that exceeded 2 mm. CONCLUSIONS: Transcaruncular approach in reconstruction of isolated medial orbital wall fracture shows more satisfying functional and cosmetic results and can be preferred to isolated medial orbital wall fracture.
Cosmetics ; Diplopia ; Enophthalmos ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Orbit

PURPOSE: The authors report a case of orbital sarcoidosis without evidence of systemic involvement. CASE SUMMARY: A 33-year-old female had a 1 month history of erythematous eyelid swelling. On physical examination, a firm and non-tender mass was observed diffusely along the upper, lower and medial canthal areas. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed a diffuse mass in the anterior orbit. We performed an incisional biopsy and histopathological examination revealed non-caseating granulomas and no evidence of a foreign body. Acid-fast-bacilli (AFB), methenamine silver and periodic-acid-schiff (PAS) stain showed no evidence of infection and chest radiograph was normal. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and interferon gamma secretion test showed no evidence of tuberculosis. Antinuclear antibody (ANA) and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) were negative and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) was within the normal range. Further systemic evaluations were compatible with a diagnosis of orbital sarcoidosis and oral prednisone was prescribed. Six weeks later, the erythematous eyelid swelling had disappeared and there was no evidence of recurrence to date.
Adult ; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic ; Antibodies, Antinuclear ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Eyelids ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Interferons ; Methenamine ; Orbit* ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; Physical Examination ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Prednisone ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Recurrence ; Reference Values ; Sarcoidosis* ; Tuberculosis

The success rate of endonasal lacrimal surgery have been reported inferior to that of external lacrimal surgery. But nowadays, owing to developement of surgical instrument, such as endoscope, and improvement of surgical skill, better success rates have been reported. We have performed endonasal lacrimal surgery in 36 eyes of 34 patients and external lacrimal surgery in 41 eyes of 36 patients who have had lacriaml pathway obstruction confirmed by dacryocystography. Endonasal lacrimal surgery has been performed with endoscope, fiberoptic light pipe, and conventional lacrimal surgery instruments. Primary success rates are 84.0% in endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR), 89.5% in external DCR, 81.8% in endonasal conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy(CDCR), and 90.9% in external CDCR. The rate of postoperative complications are 32.0% in endonasal DCR, 47.4%, in external DCR, 27.3% in endonasal CDCR, and 40.9% in external CDCR. Therefore, in order to increase the success rate of endonasal lacrimal surgery, improvement of surgical technique, use of adequate surgical instrument and careful followup examination for proper management of postoperative complicaitons are considered essential.
Dacryocystorhinostomy ; Endoscopes ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Surgical Instruments

The limitation so direct or indirect laryngoscopy and laryngogram in detemining the exact site and anatomiclocation of laryngeal carcinoma were well documented by many authors. As compared with laryngoscopy and laryngogram, CT study for laryngeal cancer is more exact and accurate method demonstrating anatomic sites of involvement, invasion into deep soft tissue spaces of endolarynx, destruction of laryngeal cartilages and cervical metastasis. Fourteen laryngeal cancer patients proven by laryngoscopic biopsy were further examined by computed tomography for staging. The authors compared laryngoscopic findings with those of computed tomography, and their clinical, surgical and computed tomographic findings were analysed. The results were as follows; 1. All patients were proved as squamous cell carcinoma. They were 12 males and 2 females aged over 50 yrs. 2. Common clinical symptoms were hoarseness, dysphagia and swallowing difficulty. The pirmary anatomic sites determined by CT were 8 transglottic, 2 glottic, 2 supraglottic and 1 pyriform sinus respectively. They were 2 T1. 7 T2, 1 T3, 3 T4 by TNM systems, respectivly. (One case was difficult to evaluate exactly). 3. Invasion into deep soft tissue spaces of endolarynx, cartilage destruction, and neck metastasis were relatively predominant in transglottic caracinomas. 4.CT was superior in evaluating tumor invasion, especially into deep soft tissue spaces of endolarynx, laryngeal cartilages and metastasis ot soft tissue and lymph nodes of neck. However CT had some limitation in determining primary site of laryngeal cancer.
Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cartilage ; Deglutition ; Deglutition Disorders ; Female ; Hoarseness ; Humans ; Laryngeal Cartilages ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; Laryngoscopy ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Methods ; Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pyriform Sinus

Introduction: Ectropion is an eversion of the eyelid due to various causes, and it mainly develops in the lower lid. Usually it shows a slow progression, and it is classified as involutional, cicatricial, paralytic and congenital. Acute idiopathic bilateral lower lid ectropion is very rare; few cases have been reported worldwide, and none have been seen in Korea. CASE SUMMARY: A 79-year-old male patient visited our department with a six-day history of epiphora and lower lid eversion in both eyes. On slit-lamp examination, lower lid ectropion was present in both eyes, and mild corneal punctate epithelial erosion was also observed. Two weeks after conservative treatment, the lower lid eversion disappeared and the lower lid returned to its original position. No changes were observed three months after treatment. We report a case of acute idiopathic bilateral lower lid ectropion with a literature review.
Aged ; Ectropion ; Eye ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Male

OBJECTIVE: The development of a dictionary of clinical terminology based on medical concepts is essential for understanding the precise meanings of the clinical terminologies used in EMR systems. For an unambiguous presentation and retrieval of the terminologies in practical data entry, this study propose a clinical terminology dictionary, which integrates and manages the wide range of data in EMR Systems. METHODS: The structure of the system and attributes were defined. The structures should satisfy the following: all terminologies should be consistent with the medical concepts, all concepts have multiple relationships, all concepts have many synonyms, all concepts can be mapped to concepts in an external medical terminology system, and all concepts can be grouped as value sets by setting the "domain". RESULTS: With the derived entity objects and attributes, the physical clinical terminology database was constructed and an editor was developed using MySQL 5.0.45 and JAVA Swing. To verify the structure and contents of the developed clinical terminology dictionary, the terminology experts used the editor to search and register the medical concepts. CONCLUSION: Although the contents refinement and complements are an unsolved problem, it is anticipated that the proposed research will provide unambiguous meanings of the clinical terminology and be applicable to many services in EMR systems.
Complement System Proteins ; Indonesia