The mutation of p53, a tumor suppressor gene, has been considered to play an important role in tumorigenesis in a variety of human cancers and the abnormal expression of p53 are frequently associated with poor prognosis. In order to examine the association of p53 overexpression with known prognostic factors including estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR), we studied the status of p53 protein expression by immunohistochemical staining of paraffin sections of 29 endometrial carcinoma (25 endometrioid carcinoma, 2 clear cell carcinoma, and 2 serous carcinoma), obtained from hysterectomy. The results were as follows: The expression of p53, ER, and PR was present in 9/29 (31%), 3/29 (16%), and 12/29 (48%), respectively. The expression of p53 in endometrioid adenocarcinoma was present in 6/25 (24%) and showed significant correlation with histologic grade, nuclear grade, and myometrial invasion. The status of PR showed significant inverse correlation with histologic grade, nuclear grade and myometrial invasion. There was no significant correlation between ER status and these histologic factors. The expression of p53 was inversely associated with the status of PR, but statistically not significant. Our results indicate that p53 may be useful in predicting prognosis in endometrial carcinoma and will be able to provide helpful information in predetermination of aggressive behavior of the tumor in evaluation of curettage specimen.
Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid ; Curettage ; Endometrial Neoplasms* ; Female ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Paraffin ; Prognosis ; Receptors, Estrogen ; Receptors, Progesterone

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Diagnosis ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Jaw ; Mandible ; Mandibular Osteotomy ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Mucosa ; Myocutaneous Flap ; Odontogenic Cysts

Many graft materials are available for surgical treatment of maxillofacial bony defect and deformity. Despite concerted efforts to gain comparable outcomes with allogenic bone, xenogenic bone, bone substitutes, and alloplasts, the results related to function, from and adaptibility remain superior with autogenous bone. The cancellous bone is relatively more osteogenic than cortical bone. The superior osteogenic properties of cancellous bone has been widely used an oral and maxillofacial surgery. Well-recognized donor sites of cancellous bone have included ilium, rib and calvarial bone, But the procurement of cancellous bone from any site should be no considered biologic insult to the patients. The proximal tibia as an alternative donor site has the potential to yield viable cancellous bone with a minimum of morbidity. We experienced several jaw defect treated with autogenous proximal tibial cancellous bone grafting. The harvested cancellous bone was soft and easily molded to fill defects and the recipient site showed a favorable result. Moreover, with uneventful healing process, the donor site showed the overall lack of morbidity. This report presents clinical applications of the autogenous cancellous bone graft from the proximal tibial metaphysis and satisfactory results to repair of the jaw defect.
Bone Substitutes ; Bone Transplantation ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Fungi ; Humans ; Ilium ; Jaw ; Ribs ; Surgery, Oral ; Tibia ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants*

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency and characteristics of needlestick/sharps injuries (NSIs) in nursing students in Korea. METHODS: The study was based on a survey of questionnaires completed by 341 nursing students who had sustained at least one NSI during clinical practice in hospitals. RESULTS: The NSI incidence rate was 36.4%. Approximately half of the students reported two to four NSIs. Most (90.2%) of the NSIs occurred on the fingertips and were caused by a hollow-bore needle (46.8%) or lancet (45.8%). Some students were exposed to used needles contaminated with unknown pathogens (37.3%), HBs Ag (2.3%), Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) (0.8%), or HIV (0.6%). Students cited the reason for injury as carelessness, inexperience, hastiness, or recapping. Almost two-thirds of students who reported having experienced an NSI knew about post-exposure treatment. However, only one-third of the students with NSIs completed an official report. CONCLUSION: Korean nursing students lack knowledge about injury prevention, report procedures, and treatment after NSI. A revised educational approach with emphasis on occupational risk, skill development, and injury reporting is necessary to prevent NSI and to ensure that students obtain post-exposure prophylaxis.
Dietary Sucrose ; HIV ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Needles ; Needlestick Injuries ; Post-Exposure Prophylaxis ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Students, Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common peripheral vestibular disorder that often resolves spontaneously. It was long believed that the condition was caused by inorganic particles in the cupula of the posterior semicircular canal. Management of this condition includes medication, surgery, physical exercise and more recently particle repositioning maneuvers. Among the various therapies, exercise therapy (ET) reported by Brandt-Daroff was based on the theory of cupulolithiasis and is designed to treat BPPV through dispersion of the debris from the cupula. METHODS: Fifty four patients with BPPV were treated with ET to determine the effectiveness. Fifteen additional patients with BPPV were treated with only medication and served as a control group. RESULT: Forty eight of 54 cases (88.9%) treated with ET showed improvement after 2 weeks. With medication alone, 8 of the 15 cases (53.4%) showed improvement after 2 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: The most important benefit of this maneuver seemed to be more expedient recovery than that with medication alone.
Exercise ; Exercise Therapy* ; Humans ; Semicircular Canals ; Vertigo*

No abstract available.
Autoantibodies* ; Humans

PURPOSE: Endothelin-1(ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor peptide. It has potent contractile and proliferative effects on vascular smooth muscle cells. Congenital heart diseases are often accompanied by pulmonary hypertension, and the severity of pulmonary hypertension is important in the prognosis. The aim of this study was to elucidate changes of ET-1 after pulmonary venous stenosis in a dog model, and investigate the interaction between pulmonary venous pressure and ET-1. METHODS: Plasma ET-1 levels were measured by radioimmuno-assay at the thoracic aorta, left pulmonary artery and left pulmonary vein. Pressures were also monitored at the same sites. Immunohistochemical staining of ET-1 was performed in the lung tissue. RESULTS: Increased serum ET-1 levels were noted at 1 hour after left pulmonary vein stenosis in the left pulmonary vein and aorta, and at 2 days after stenosis in the left pulmonary artery. Left pulmonary venous pressure was significantly increased at 1 hour after pulmonary vein stenosis, and systolic pulmonary artery pressure at 2 days after stenosis. Increased expression of ET-1 was noted by immunohistochemical staining at the lung tissue at 7 days after stenosis of left pulmonary vein. CONCLUSION: Increased serum ET-1 level and expression of ET-1 in immunohistochemical staining at lung tissue were noted after stenosis of pulmonary vein. Serum ET-1 level would be useful in the diagnosis and prediction of pulmonary artery hypertension. (J Korean Pediatr Soc 2000;43:769 778)
Animals ; Aorta ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Diagnosis ; Dogs ; Endothelin-1* ; Endothelins ; Heart Diseases ; Hypertension ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; Lung ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; Plasma ; Prognosis ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Veins ; Venous Pressure

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of self-efficacy, social support, and depression in elementary school children. METHODS: The participants of this study were 619 students from seven elementary schools located in Jollabuk-do Province, Korea. The methods included data analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson's correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression using SPSS/WIN version 15.0. RESULTS: The mean scores of self-efficacy, social support, and depression were 2.9+/-0.58, 3.2+/-0.44 and 14.0+/-7.32, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between self-efficacy and social support (r=.517, p<.001). Significant negative correlations were observed between self-efficacy and depression (r=-.557, p<.001) and between social support and depression (r=-.571, p<.001). The variables of depression in elementary school children were self-efficacy and social support, which explained 42.7% of the cases. CONCLUSION: The findings from this study suggest that current intervention programs are not sufficient to curb depression in elementary school children and therefore it is needed to develop nursing intervention programs to promote self-efficacy and social support.
Child* ; Depression* ; Humans ; Korea ; Nursing ; Self Efficacy ; Statistics as Topic

No abstract available.
DNA*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans