No abstract available.
Alcoholism* ; Primary Health Care*

Irritant or allergic contact dermatitis presents usually eczematous process or occasionally noneczematous lesions like in this case. We report a case of erythema rnultiforme-like eruptions in a 40-year-old female who presented multiple iris or annular shaped maculopapular eruptions on both hands and forearms after contact of lacquer tree. Being performed with standard patch test screening series, lacquer tree extracts and urushiol, she showed significant reactions to the lacquer tree and urushiol. Histopathologic findings showed both features of erythema multiforme and suh acute contact dermatitis.
Adult ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Erythema Multiforme* ; Erythema* ; Female ; Forearm ; Hand ; Humans ; Iris ; Lacquer* ; Mass Screening ; Patch Tests ; Trees*

BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) continues to be a major cause of nosocomial infection and a molecular typing is necessary for proper epidemiologic investigations of sources and moles of spread in an outbreak. An nosocomial outbreak of MRSA in a neonatal intensive care unit at Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital was suspected. To investigate the clonality of isolates and control the spread of nosocomial outbreak, we performed plasmid restriction analysis of MRSA isolates from patients and medical staffs. METHODS: We studied 7 MRSA strains (umbilicus 4, blood 1, urine 1 and pus 1) from patients in a neonatal intensive care unit and the MRSA strains from nares and hands surveillance cultures of 26 medical staffs (4 medical doctors and 22 nurses). All MRSA strains were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and plasmic analysis after EcoRI restriction. We analyzed the plasmid patterns of MRSA isolated from patients and compared with those from medical staffs. RESULTS: Ten MRSA strains (from 7 nares and 3 hands) were isolated from surveillance cultures of 26 medical staffs. Seven out of 10 MRSA strains from medical staffs revealed identical pattern of antibiogram which was the same pattern in all 7 MRSA strains from seven patients. Plasmid restriction patterns were classified 6 groups from A to F showing 2-10 bands. Six out of 7 MRSA strains from the patients showed group A(A1 5, A31) and 5 out of 10 MRSA strains from the medical staffs showed group A(A1 1, A21, A32, A41) and remainders showed different plasmid restriction analysis patterns. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that plasmid restriction analysis is a rapid, inexpensive, and good discriminating molecular typing of MRSA outbreak and is useful for the epidemiologic investigation of MRSA outbreaks in the clinical laboratory.
Cross Infection ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Hand ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Medical Staff ; Methicillin Resistance* ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus* ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Molecular Epidemiology* ; Molecular Typing ; Plasmids* ; Suppuration

The purpose of this study was to examine the heterophoria in emmetropia and ametropia. The subjects were 337 healthy men and women between the age of 20-41 years. In 337 cases, Emmetropia were 135 cases, Ametropia were 202 cases. The entire group was tested for heterophoria with synoptophore. In the ametropia, this test was performed before and after correction of refractive error with glasses. The results were as follows: 1. The incidence of heterophoria was 84.4% in emmertropia, 89.2% in myopia and 91.4% in hyperopia. 2. Exophoria was most common in myopia. But in emmetropia and hyperopia, there was no significant difference between the incidence of exophoria and esophoria. The incidence of hyperphoria and cyclophoria was not significantly different between emmetropia and ametropia. 3. In the ametropia, the size of heterophoria was slightly decreased after correction, but the difference was not significant (p>0.05). 4. There was no correlation between the amount of refractive error and the size of heterophoria (p>0.05).
Emmetropia* ; Esotropia ; Exotropia ; Eyeglasses ; Female ; Glass ; Humans ; Hyperopia ; Incidence ; Male ; Myopia ; Ocular Motility Disorders ; Refractive Errors*

Cervical tab is one of the congenital anomalies, originated from an accessory tragus or a remnant of branchial cartilage on the head a.nd neck. A 41 year old male patient was seen with 1.1 x0.8cm sized cartilage consistent intredermal nodule on the left supraclavicular area. Histopathologic findings showed the oval shaped cartilags surrounded with connective tissue and interstitial substance stained black with Verhoeff van Gieson stain.
Adult ; Cartilage ; Connective Tissue ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Neck

No abstract available.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the size of normal pons and cerebellum in vivo and the change in size according to age, and to compare those with measurement of the diseased pons and cerebellum. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 121 normal adults(M:F=54:67), 5 patients with OPCD and 19 patients with WallerJan degeneration were studied. The normal group was divided into 5 subgroups according to the age (ranged from 20 to 72 years). 1.5T GE Signa MR unit was used. On axial plane, the AP(A) and transverse(B) diameters of the pons, the size of the middle cerebellar peduncle(C), and transverse diameter of the posterior fossa(D) and the cerebellum(E) were measured. On midsagittal plane, the longitudinal(F) and AP(G) diameters of the basis pontis were measured. The ratios of E/D and F/G were calculated. The student t test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: C, E and F/G were 15.5mm+/-1.3, 99.8mm+/-4.3 and 1.63+/-.10, respectively. F/G, H/I, and H/J were larger in male(p<.01). All data of the pons showed no statistically significant differences among age groups. E of the seventh decades was shorter than that of the third decades(p<.05). C(12.7 mm+/-1.4) in OPCD and F/G(1. 81+/-.10) in Wallerian degeneration(p<.01) showed the most significant differences when they were compared to the normal. CONCLUSION: Although the cerebellum decreased in size with age, the pons maintained its size up to eighth' decades. The measurement of middle cerebellar peduncle on axial plane (C) and the ratio of basis pontis on midsagittal plane (F/G) were important in the evaluation of OPCD and WallerJan degeneration, respectively.
Cerebellum* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Pons*

No abstract available.
Hypothyroidism*

PURPOSE: The replacement of functional genes into cells that lack genes or mutant genes is the basis of gene therapy. In cancer, where cells often have multiple genetic defects, the replacement of critical genes may suffice to suppress cell growth or induce cell death. In malignant brain tumors, p53 mutation are among the most frequently observed genetic findings and inactivation p53 suggests that p53 plays a critical role in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Therefore, we study the successful transfer of the wild-type p53 gene using a replicative deficient adenovirus vector into human glioma and medulloblastoma c~ell lines. Meterials and Methods: The human glioma cell line T-98G, U-87MG, U-373MG were used. To determine the efficiency of the adenovirus vector, cell lines were transfected with the Ad-p gal and analysed with X-Gal staining. Cell viability was determined by trypan blue exclusion every day after infection and Westem blot analysis was used to conform the expression of the exogenous p53 protein. RESULTS: Cell growth of the Ad-CMV-p53 infected U-373MG, and U-87MG was significantly suppressed. It appeared that exogenous p53 protein expression had an earlier ad more profound suppressive effect on U-373MG having a mutated p53 gene than on U-87MG having a wild-type p53. The expression of the exogenous p53 was more than 10 times higher than the expression of the endogenous p53. To examine the decreased viability, U-373MG was stained with Hochest 33258 and detected nuclear condensation and apoptic body. Staining results suggest that cells undergo apoptosis. CONCLUSION: The replicative deficient adenoviral vector can transfer and express p53 in human glioma cell lines in vitro, restoring wild-type p53 tumor suppressor functions. The restoration of normal p53-encoded protein in the mutant ceil lines induced cell death. The high expression of the newly transduced protein had different effects on the growth rate of the infected cell lines depending on the p53 status of the cells.
Adenoviridae* ; Apoptosis ; Brain Neoplasms ; Carcinogenesis ; Cell Death ; Cell Line* ; Cell Survival ; Genes, p53 ; Genetic Therapy ; Glioma* ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma ; Trypan Blue

Familial benign chronic pemphigua is a rare disease characterized by a localized recurrent eruption of grouped vesicles and exudative lesions involving the neck, groin, axillae and intertriginous areas. There are no systemic manifestations but chronicity and pruritic lesions creates a significant social and psychological handicap to those afflicted. We presented a case of familial benign chronic pemphigus in a 39 years old man He has had recurrent vesicles, fissures and crust formation in inguinal area for 10 years. Light microscopic findings showed suprabasal vesiculation with acantholysis and villi formation. And electron-microscopic findings showed as follows: Bizzare microvilli changes with widened intercellular spaces, followed by loss of desmosome and complete acantholysis. Tonofilament-desmosome complex is disrupted. Many of acantholytic cells are associated with abnormal keratinization which is repreaented by perinuclear thickened bundles of tonofilament arranged in whorls or lumps. Authors diagnosed with clinical symptoms, light and electron-microscopic findings as Hailey-Hailey disease. The lesions were improved by systemic antibiotics and steroid with cold soaking.
Acantholysis ; Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Axilla ; Desmosomes ; Extracellular Space ; Groin ; Humans ; Intermediate Filaments ; Microvilli ; Neck ; Pemphigus, Benign Familial* ; Rare Diseases