No abstract available.
Colonialism* ; Leprosy*

Vascularized fibular graft is one of the treatment option for avascular necrosis of femoral head (ANFH) and has been known as providing a strut mechanical support and new vascular bed. It is very important to evaluate a healing process in femoral head after vascularization procedure. But a plain radiographic finding has a problem to assess pathological changes of ANFH treated with vascularized fibular graft. Authors analyzed chronogical changes of Tc-99m-HDP bone scan in 31 cases of ANFH treated with vascularized fibular graft from April, 1991 to May, 1994 and following results were obtained. l. Until 2 months after surgery, no change in size of cold defect area and no significant change in extent of RI uptake in reactive zone were noted. 2. During 2 months and 6 months after surgery, slight decrease in size of cold defect area and minimal changes in extent of RI uptake in reactive zone were observed. 3. During 6 months and 12 months after surgery, size of cold defect area decreased to 1/2 and changes in extent and degree of RI uptake in reactive zone were observed. 4. During 1 year and 2 years after surgery, size of cold defect area were minimal and sometimes faded away. RI uptake with decreased density in reactive zone broadened and moved to subchondral area. 5. After 2 years after surgery, cold area faded away and small increased RI uptake were observed in same site. In conclusion, Tc-99m-HDP bone scan which is economic and easily applicable in a patient is very useful for follow up study in ANFH treated with vascularized fibular graft.
Follow-Up Studies ; Head* ; Hip ; Humans ; Necrosis* ; Transplants*

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to determine whether or not newly proposed high-resolution activity features could provide a superior analytic foundation compared to those commonly used to assess transitions in children's activities, under circumstances in which the types of courses attended exert different situational effects on activity levels. METHODS: From 153 children at a local elementary school, 10 subjects with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 7 controls were recruited. Their activity data was collected using an actigraph while they attended school. Ratios of partitioned activity ranges (0.5-2.8 G) during the entire activity were extracted during three classes: art, mathematics, and native language (Korean). Extracted activity features for each participant were compared between the two groups of children (ADHD and control) using graphs and statistical analysis. RESULTS: Activity distributions between ADHD and control groups for each class showed statistically significant differences spread through the entire range in art class compared to native language and mathematics classes. The ADHD group, but not the control group, experienced many significantly different intervals (> 50%) having low to very high activity acceleration regions during the art and languages courses. CONCLUSIONS: Class content appears to influence the activity patterns of ADHD children. Monitoring the actual magnitude and activity counts in a wide range of subjects could facilitate the examination of distributions or patterns of activities. Objective activity measurements made with an actigraph may be useful for monitoring changes in activities in children with ADHD in a timely manner.
Acceleration ; Actigraphy ; Activities of Daily Living ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ; Child ; Humans ; Mathematics ; Motor Activity ; Pilot Projects

No abstract available.
Cyclosporine* ; Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay* ; Fluorescence Polarization* ; Fluorescence*

PURPOSE: The clinical significance of Y. pseudotuberculosis infection has recently recognizd in various part of the world, because it can cause a wide range of clinical problems such as mesenteric lymphadenitis, septicemia, reactive arthritis, terminal ileitis, erythema nodosum, and a cute renal failure. We have experienced 19 children with Y. pseudotuberculosis infection confirmed by stool culture. Our aim in this study was to evaluate clinical charactieristics, age and sex distribution, and source of infection. METHODS: Stools were inoculated on CIN(Cefsulodin-Irgasan-Novobiosin) agar (Difco, USA) and incubated for 48hr at 22 degrees C for isolation of Y. pseudotuberculosis. API 20E and VITEC were used for identification of the isolates. The antimicrobial sensitivity tests were performed by GN S(gram negative sensitive) card. Clinical characteristics were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Retrospective analysis of 19 children with Y. pseudotuberculosis infection who visited our hospital between Jun.1993 and Dec.1993 was performed. The most prevalent age group was 6 to 8 years(42%) and monthly distribution showed November, December, June, and July in order of frequency, respectively. The common symptoms and signs were fever(100%), abdominal pain(100%), rash(74%), s trawberry tongue(53%), vomiting(53%), diarrhea(37%), and desquamation(32%), respectively. Four cases among 9 cases showed multiple mesenteric lymph node enlargements on the abdominal ultrasonogaphy. Serogroups of the isolates from stool specimens were type 5(15/19, 79%), and type 4(4/19, 21%), respectively. Y. pseudotuberculosis was also isolated from 3 samples of untreated drinking water which was thought to be the source of infection. There were no resistance strains against Amikacin, Carbenidlin, Gentamicin, and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole in the antibiotic susceptibility tests. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the antibiotic susceptibility against Y. pseudotuberculosis was excellent, although the clinical characteristics were various. We have found that untreated drinking water was an important source of this infection. Further epidemiologic study for this infection should be needed.
Agar ; Amikacin ; Arthritis, Reactive ; Child* ; Crohn Disease ; Drinking Water ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Erythema Nodosum ; Gentamicins ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Mesenteric Lymphadenitis ; Renal Insufficiency ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis ; Sex Distribution ; Yersinia pseudotuberculosis* ; Yersinia*

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between leisure time physical activities (LTPA) and metabolic syndrome (MS). METHODS: Five thousand seven hundred and thirty two adults 40 years old or older were enrolled in the study from April 2009 to December 2010. National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III was used for the criteria of MS, and Minnesota Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to measure LTPA. After adjusted covariates (age, hypertension, smoking, drinking, education level, household income level, work time physical activities, and menopause for females), the relationship between LTPA and MS was analyzed using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of MS was 22.8% in men, and 14.1% in women. Average LTPA was 1,498 kcal/wk in men, and 1,308 kcal/wk in women. After adjustment for covariates, the odds ratios of middle and low LTPA compared with high LTPA were 1.06 (0.87-1.34), 1.54 (1.08-1.75), for women, this same association was not seen in men. The prevalence of MS was 22.8% in men and 14.1% in women, and their LTPA burned 1,498 and 1,308 kcal/wk, respectively. When the odds ratio of MS for the high LTPA group was set at 1.0, the odds ratio of MS was 1.06 (0.87-1.34) in the middle LTPA group and 1.54 (1.08-1.75) in the low LTPA group in women, which showed that the MS risk increased when the LTPA was lower. This same association was not seen in men. CONCLUSION: LTPA was independently associated with metabolic syndrome, but only for women.
Adult ; Burns ; Cholesterol ; Drinking ; Education ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Leisure Activities* ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Menopause ; Minnesota ; Motor Activity* ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Smoke ; Smoking

The very rare D--/D-- phenotype lacks C, c, E, e antigens with strong expression of the D antigen. A 31-year-old woman delivered her second baby, 3.6 kg girl at 38+4 weeks' gestation through repeat-Cesarean section. Her parents were not consanguineous. She had one artificial abortion, one Cesarean section with red blood cell transfusion and two spontaneous abortions. Her red cells were typed as O, D+C-c-E-e- and did not react with anti-Hr(o) (Rh 17). Her serum reacted with all of the screening cells and identification panel cells with strength of (++)~(+++). The baby was mildly jaundiced 12 hours after delivery. At 1 day after delivery, total bilirubin was 17.7 mg/dL, and direct and indirect antiglobulin tests were both positive. Phototherapy was immediately given for the baby but jaundice and anemia were worsened. Twenty six milliliter of the mother's whole blood was given twice to the baby after plasma depletion and leukocyte reduction. The baby showed improvement of jaundice and anemia, and discharged at hospital day 14. As far as we know, this is the third reported case of hemolytic disease of the newborn occurred in the D--/D-- mother with anti-Hr(o) in Korea, and the first case that was neither fatal nor treated with intensive medical care.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Adult ; Anemia ; Bilirubin ; Cesarean Section ; Coombs Test ; Erythrocyte Transfusion ; Female ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Jaundice ; Korea ; Leukocytes ; Mass Screening ; Mothers ; Parents ; Phenotype* ; Phototherapy ; Plasma ; Pregnancy

Intractable pain from nonresectable or recurrent cancer of upper abdominal organs has been treated in many ways. We chose the method of 50% alcohol celiac plexus block for the pain relief. The results were as follows: 1) It is relatively simple, highly effective, and a less hazardous means of palliative therapy. 2) Satisfactory pain relief was seen in 11 cases (91.7%), excluding 1 case (8.3%) with no improvement in hospitalization state. We concluded this block is remarkably safe as well as effective and should be employed more frequently.
Celiac Plexus* ; Hospitalization ; Methods ; Pain, Intractable ; Palliative Care

A fibromatosis or desmoid tumor of the breast is an extremely rare benign tumor, which is often presented clinically and radiologically as a malignant tumor. Although benign, fibromatosis or desmoid tumors can grow aggressively in local infiltrating patterns. The recurrence is relatively common; hence a wide excision with a clear margin around the tumor is necessary. We report a case of a young female patient with a recurring fibromatosis of the breast after a local excision.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Female ; Fibroma ; Fibromatosis, Aggressive ; Humans ; Recurrence

BACKGROUND: Caveolin, a family of integral membrane proteins are a principal component of caveolae membranes. In this study, we investigated the effect of p38 kinase on differentiation and on inflammatory responses in sodium nitroprusside (SNP)- treated chondrocytes. METHODS: Rabbit articular chondrocytes were prepared from cartilage slices of 2-week-old New Zealand white rabbits by enzymatic digestion. SNP was used as a nitric oxide (NO) donor. In this experiments measuring SNP dose response, primary chondrocytes were treated with various concentrations of SNP for 24 h. The time course of the SNP response was determined by incubating cells with 1 mM SNP for the indicated time period (0~24 h). The cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and type II collagen expression levels were determined by immunoblot analysis, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) assay was used to measure the COX-2 activity. The tyrosine phosphorylation of caveolin-1 was determined by immunoblot analysis and immunostaining. RESULTS: SNP treatment stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of caveolin-1 and activation of p38 kinase. SNP additionally caused dedifferentiation and inflammatory response. We showed previously that SNP treatment stimulated activation of p38 kinase and ERK-1/-2. Inhibition of p38 kinase with SB203580 reduced caveolin-1 tyrosine phosphorylation and COX-2 expression but enhanced dedifferentiation, whereas inhibition of ERK with PD98059 did not affect caveolin-1 tyrosine phosphorylation levels, suggesting that ERK at least is not related to dedifferentiation and COX-2 expression through caveolin-1 tyrosine phosphorylation. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that SNP in articular chondrocytes stimulates dedifferentiation and inflammatory response via p38 kinase signaling in association with caveolin-1 phosphorylation.
Cartilage ; Caveolae ; Caveolin 1 ; Chondrocytes* ; Collagen Type II ; Cyclooxygenase 2* ; Digestion ; Dinoprostone ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; Membranes ; Nitric Oxide ; Nitroprusside ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotransferases* ; Rabbits ; Tissue Donors ; Tyrosine