1.Resilience as a Moderator and Mediator of the Relationship between and Emotional Labor and Job Satisfaction among Nurses working in ICUs
Mi Lim BYEON ; Yun Mi LEE ; Hyo Jin PARK
Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing 2019;12(3):24-34
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the moderating and mediating effects of resilience in the relationship between emotional labor and job satisfaction among nurses working in intensive care units (ICUs).METHOD: The participants were 144 ICU nurses from three university hospitals. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis, using SPSS 25.0. The mediating effect of resilience in the relationship between emotional labor and job satisfaction was analyzed by multiple regression analysis according to Baron and Kenny's procedure.RESULTS: Statistically significant negative correlations were found between emotional labor and resilience (r=−.21, p<.014) and between emotional labor and job satisfaction (r=−.34, p<.001). A significant positive correlation was found between resilience and job satisfaction (r=.31 p<.001). A partial mediating effect by resilience was found between emotional labor and job satisfaction (Z=−2.11, p =.034), but no moderating effect was found.CONCLUSION: To improve the job satisfaction of ICU nurses, evaluation of their emotional labor, resilience, and interventions are necessary to alleviate emotional labor and improve resilience.
Hospitals, University
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Intensive Care Units
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Job Satisfaction
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Methods
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Negotiating
2.A Study on Health Behavior in People at Risk for a Cerebrovascular Accident.
Mi Sook SONG ; Young Soon BYEON ; Kyoung Sook LIM ; Ji Won OAK
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 2007;37(7):1091-1097
PURPOSE: This study was done to survey health behaviors in people at risk for a Cerebrovascular Accident(CVA). METHOD: From November 21 to December 29, 2005, a questionnaire survey was conducted with 171 people at risk for a Cerebrovascular Accident(LDL of above 130 mg/dl & homocysteine of above 15.0 micromol/L). Their physical composition was measured and blood was collected. RESULTS: 1. Of the subjects, 34.5% were smokers, 61.4% were drinkers, 56.7% did not exercise regularly, 57.3% did not control their weight, 26.9% preferred eating meat, and 32.2% preferred salty food. 2. The gender was different between smoking status(Chi2=10.734, p= .001), and drinking status(Chi2=7.185, p= .007), and the age was different between smoking status(Chi2=6.656, p= .010), and drinking status(Chi2=10.722, p= .001). The HbA1C level was different for regular exercise(Chi2= 4.824, p=.028) and the HDL-cholesterol was different for meat-eating preference(Chi2=7.928, p= .005). The observance of troubling signs was different for a salty food preference(Chi2=4.313, p= .038). CONCLUSION: It is necessary to develop programs for taking care of people at risk for a Cerebrovascular Accident and test the effects of the programs in order to reduce the risk factors of CVA and enhance health behavior promotion.
Aged
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Aged, 80 and over
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Alcohol Drinking
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Body Weight
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Chi-Square Distribution
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Cholesterol, HDL/blood
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Cholesterol, LDL/blood
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Exercise
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Female
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*Health Behavior
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Humans
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Nutritional Status
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Questionnaires
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Risk Factors
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Smoking
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Stroke/*epidemiology/etiology
3.Pulmonary aspiration occurring during the induction of anesthesia in a patient with esophageal dilatation.
Hyun Kyoung LIM ; Mi Hyun LEE ; Chan Ik JIN ; Hyo Jin BYEON ; Jang Ho SONG
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 2013;64(5):474-475
No abstract available.
Anesthesia
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Dilatation
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Humans
4.Qualification and application of liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-offlight mass spectrometric method for the determination of carisbamate in rat plasma and prediction of its human pharmacokinetics using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling
Byeong ill LEE ; Jeong-hyeon LIM ; Min-Ho PARK ; Seok-Ho SHIN ; Jin-Ju BYEON ; Jang-mi CHOI ; Seo-jin PARK ; Min-jae PARK ; Yuri PARK ; Young G. SHIN
Translational and Clinical Pharmacology 2020;28(3):147-159
Carisbamate is an antiepileptic drug and it also has broad neuroprotective activity and anticonvulsant reaction. In this study, a liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometric (LC-qTOF-MS) method was developed and applied for the determination of carisbamate in rat plasma to support in vitro and in vivo studies. A quadratic regression (weighted 1/concentration2), with an equation y = ax2 + bx + c, was used to fit calibration curves over the concentration range from 9.05 to 6,600 ng/mL for carisbamate in rat plasma. Preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies of carisbamate have been studied through the developed bioanalytical method. Based on these study results, human pharmacokinetic (PK) profile has been predicted using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling. The PBPK model was optimized and validated by using the in vitro and in vivo data. The human PK of carisbamate after oral dosing of 750 mg was simulated by using this validated PBPK model. The human PK parameters and profiles predicted from the validated PBPK model were similar to the clinical data. This PBPK model developed from the preclinical data for carisbamate would be useful for predicting the PK of carisbamate in various clinical settings.
5.Qualification and application of liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-offlight mass spectrometric method for the determination of carisbamate in rat plasma and prediction of its human pharmacokinetics using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling
Byeong ill LEE ; Jeong-hyeon LIM ; Min-Ho PARK ; Seok-Ho SHIN ; Jin-Ju BYEON ; Jang-mi CHOI ; Seo-jin PARK ; Min-jae PARK ; Yuri PARK ; Young G. SHIN
Translational and Clinical Pharmacology 2020;28(3):147-159
Carisbamate is an antiepileptic drug and it also has broad neuroprotective activity and anticonvulsant reaction. In this study, a liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometric (LC-qTOF-MS) method was developed and applied for the determination of carisbamate in rat plasma to support in vitro and in vivo studies. A quadratic regression (weighted 1/concentration2), with an equation y = ax2 + bx + c, was used to fit calibration curves over the concentration range from 9.05 to 6,600 ng/mL for carisbamate in rat plasma. Preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies of carisbamate have been studied through the developed bioanalytical method. Based on these study results, human pharmacokinetic (PK) profile has been predicted using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling. The PBPK model was optimized and validated by using the in vitro and in vivo data. The human PK of carisbamate after oral dosing of 750 mg was simulated by using this validated PBPK model. The human PK parameters and profiles predicted from the validated PBPK model were similar to the clinical data. This PBPK model developed from the preclinical data for carisbamate would be useful for predicting the PK of carisbamate in various clinical settings.
6.Primary Tumor Suppression and Systemic Immune Activation of Macrophages through the Sting Pathway in Metastatic Skin Tumor
Chun-Bong SYNN ; Dong Kwon KIM ; Jae Hwan KIM ; Youngseon BYEON ; Young Seob KIM ; Mi Ran YUN ; Ji Min LEE ; Wongeun LEE ; Eun Ji LEE ; Seul LEE ; You-Won LEE ; Doo Jae LEE ; Hyun-Woo KIM ; Chang Gon KIM ; Min Hee HONG ; June Dong PARK ; Sun Min LIM ; Kyoung-Ho PYO
Yonsei Medical Journal 2022;63(1):42-55
Purpose:
Agonists of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) play a key role in activating the STING pathway by promoting the production of cytokines. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effects and activation of the systemic immune response of treatment with DMXAA (5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid), a STING agonist, in EML4-ALK lung cancer and CT26 colon cancer.
Materials and Methods:
The abscopal effects of DMXAA in the treatment of metastatic skin nodules were assessed. EML4-ALK lung cancer and CT26 colon cancer models were used to evaluate these effects after DMXAA treatment. To evaluate the expression of macrophages and T cells, we sacrificed the tumor-bearing mice after DMXAA treatment and obtained the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue and tumor cells. Immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were performed to analyze the expression of each FFPE and tumor cell.
Results:
We observed that highly infiltrating immune cells downstream of the STING pathway had increased levels of chemokines after DMXAA treatment. In addition, the levels of CD80 and CD86 in antigen-presenting cells were significantly increased after STING activation. Furthermore, innate immune activation altered the systemic T cell-mediated immune responses, induced proliferation of macrophages, inhibited tumor growth, and increased numbers of cytotoxic memory T cells. Tumor-specific lymphocytes also increased in number after treatment with DMXAA.
Conclusion
The abscopal effect of DMXAA treatment on the skin strongly reduced the spread of EML4-ALK lung cancer and CT26 colon cancer through the STING pathway and induced the presentation of antigens.
7.Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of Tacrolimus-Eluting Stent in a Porcine Coronary Artery Model
Dae Sung PARK ; Mi Hyang NA ; Myung Ho JEONG ; Doo Sun SIM ; Yu Jeong JIN ; Hae Jin KEE ; Mun Ki KIM ; Jeong Ha KIM ; Young Joon HONG ; Kyung Hoon CHO ; Dae Young HYUN ; Seok OH ; Kyung Seob LIM ; Dae-Heung BYEON ; Jeong Hun KIM
Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine 2024;21(5):723-735
BACKGROUND:
A drug-eluting stent (DES) is a highly beneficial medical device used to widen or unblock narrowed blood vessels. However, the drugs released by the implantation of DES may hinder the re-endothelialization process, increasing the risk of late thrombosis. We have developed a tacrolimus-eluting stent (TES) that as acts as a potent antiproliferative and immunosuppressive agent, enhancing endothelial regeneration. In addition, we assessed the safety and efficacy of TES through both in vitro and in vivo tests.
METHODS:
Tacrolimus and Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) were applied to the metal stent using electrospinning equipment. The surface morphology of the stent was examined before and after coating using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-rays (EDX). The drug release test was conducted through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Cell proliferation and migration assays were performed using smooth muscle cells (SMC).The stent was then inserted into the porcine coronary artery and monitored for a duration of 4 weeks.
RESULTS:
SEM analysis confirmed that the coating surface was uniform. Furthermore, EDX analysis showed that the surface was coated with both polymer and drug components. The HPCL analysis of TCL at a wavelength of 215 nm revealed that the drug was continuously released over a period of 4 weeks. Smooth muscle cell migration was significantly decreased in the tacrolimus group (54.1% ± 11.90%) compared to the non-treated group (90.1% ± 4.86%). In animal experiments, the stenosis rate was significantly reduced in the TES group (29.6% ± 7.93%) compared to the bare metal stent group (41.3% ± 10.18%). Additionally, the fibrin score was found to be lower in the TES group compared to the group treated with a sirolimus-eluting stent (SES).
CONCLUSION
Similar to SES, TES reduces neointimal proliferation in a porcine coronary artery model, specifically decreasing the fibrins score. Therefore, tacrolimus could be considered a promising drug for reducing restenosis and thrombosis.
8.Preliminary Investigation on Efficacy and Safety of Substance P-Coated Stent for Promoting Re-Endothelialization: A Porcine Coronary Artery Restenosis Model
Dae Sung PARK ; Seok OH ; Yu Jeong JIN ; Mi Hyang NA ; Munki KIM ; Jeong Ha KIM ; Dae Young HYUN ; Kyung Hoon CHO ; Young Joon HONG ; Ju Han KIM ; Youngkeun AHN ; Manuel HERMIDA-PRIETO ; José Manuel VÁZQUEZ-RODRIGUEZ ; Juan Luis GUTIÉRREZ- CHICO ; Luis MARINÃS-PARDO ; Kyung Seob LIM ; Jun-Kyu PARK ; Dae-Heung BYEON ; Young-Nan CHO ; Seung-Jung KEE ; Doo Sun SIM ; Myung Ho JEONG
Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine 2024;21(1):53-64
BACKGROUND:
Current polymer-based drug-eluting stents (DESs) have fundamental issues about inflammation and delayed re-endothelializaton of the vessel wall. Substance-P (SP), which plays an important role in inflammation and endothelial cells, has not yet been applied to coronary stents. Therefore, this study compares poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)-based everolimus-eluting stents (PLGA-EESs) versus 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC)-based SP-eluting stents (MPC-SPs) in in-vitro and in-vivo models.
METHODS:
The morphology of the stent surface and peptide/drug release kinetics from stents were evaluated. The invitro proliferative effect of SP released from MPC-SP is evaluated using human umbilical vein endothelial cell. Finally, the safety and efficacy of the stent are evaluated after inserting it into a pig’s coronary artery.
RESULTS:
Similar to PLGA-EES, MPC-SP had a uniform surface morphology with very thin coating layer thickness (2.074 lm). MPC-SP showed sustained drug release of SP for over 2 weeks. Endothelial cell proliferation was significantly increased in groups treated with SP (n = 3) compared with the control (n = 3) and those with everolimus (n = 3) (SP:118.9 ± 7.61% vs. everolimus: 64.3 ± 12.37% vs. the control: 100 ± 6.64%, p < 0.05). In the animal study, the percent stenosis was higher in MPC-SP group (n = 7) compared to PLGA-EES group (n = 7) (MPC-SP: 28.6 ± 10.7% vs. PLGAEES: 16.7 ± 6.3%, p < 0.05). MPC-SP group showed, however, lower inflammation (MPC-SP: 0.3 ± 0.26 vs. PLGAEES: 1.2 ± 0.48, p < 0.05) and fibrin deposition (MPC-SP: 1.0 ± 0.73 vs. PLGA-EES: 1.5 ± 0.59, p < 0.05) around the stent strut. MPC-SP showed more increased expression of cluster of differentiation 31, suggesting enhanced reendothelialization.
CONCLUSION
Compared to PLGA-EES, MPC-SP demonstrated more decreased inflammation of the vascular wall and enhanced re-endothelialization and stent coverage. Hence, MPC-SP has the potential therapeutic benefits for the treatment of coronary artery disease by solving limitations of currently available DESs.