No abstract available.
Adult* ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

No abstract available.
Communicable Diseases*

BACKGROUND: Administration of hepatitis B vaccine has played a major part in the management of public health in this country. There were many researches to assess the immunogenecity, safety, long term effectiveness, dose, and route of administration of hepatitis B vaccine. But there was lack of validation of the recommendation that hepatit.is B vaccine should be administered in adults with negative HBsAg and AntiHBs, in an endemic area with high prevalence of HBsAg. Authors tried to establish a proper candidate for hepatitis B vaccination evaluating viral markers of hepatitis B in adults vaccinated. METHODS: 172 hepatitis B vaccinated subjects(35.0%) were drawn from 491 adults who have visited at health care center, Asan Kangnung Hospital from April 1st to May 31th, 1997. They were asked designed questions about the beginning year, frequency of vaccination, and the presence of family members with HBsAg in a direct line. RESULTS: Of the subjects(172), 2.3% were HBsAg(+), 63.4% AntiHBs(+), 68.6% AntiHBc(+). Among the HBsAg(-) adults(149) who had been vaccinated more than three times, 70.4%(105) were AntiHBs(+), of whom 66.6%(70) were AntiHBc(+) and 29.6%(44) were AntiHBs(-), of whom 56.8%(25) were AntiHBc(+). In the subjects(20) with family history of HBsAg, 80% were AntiHBc(+), which is higher than 61.2% in the group(129) without family history. Among the HBsAg(-) and AntiHBc(-) adults(54) who had been vaccinated more than three times, AntiHBs(+) group was not significantly differnt from AntiHBs(-) group in comparison of age and years after initial vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: The two thirds(68.9%) of vaccinated subjects showed AntiHBc(+), which means reflection of previous exposure to Hepatitis B virus. Accordingly, vaccination is not thought to be required for these. Consequently, all individuals are thought to have to be pretested for the presence of AntiHBc as well as HBsAg and AntiHBs in Korea.
Adult* ; Biomarkers ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Delivery of Health Care ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens* ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; Hepatitis B virus* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Korea ; Prevalence ; Public Health ; Vaccination

BACKGROUND: In a health examination program, advice from physician for change of health-related behavior and distribution of health educational pamphlets is routine. This study was done prospectively to analyze factors such as personal general characteristics, results of health examination, health examination satisfaction that relate to change of health promotion attitudes and compliance towards overweight, smoking, heavy drinking, elevated blood pressure, dyslipidemia, chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension. METHODS: The subject population was 689 cases from May 1997 to June 1997 in a general hospital health examination center. After health examination, 60.2%(415 cases) showed personal satisfaction by questionnaire. Three to four months later 78.4%(540 cases) responded to the telephone survey on change of health beliefs, health-related attitudes and compliance. RESULTS: In the telephone survey, 239 cases(46.0%) comprised high compliance group that had positive attitudes toward abnormal health examination results, 145 cases(27.9%) were mid compliance group, and 135cases(26.0%) were low compliance group. In males there was higher frequency of high compliance group than females(p<0.05). According to age, the older, the higher frequencies of high compliance group(p<0.05). In educational level group, the higher the educational level, the lower the frequencies of high compliance group(p<0.01). There was no difference in frequency of each compliance group between symptom motive and non-symptom motive group with each satisfaction group(p>0.05). In positive responders to the correspond advice of physician or health educational pamphlets, the frequencies for quit smoking, reduction of drinking amount, regular exercise, Compliance with taking antihypertensives, blood sugar control, diet control for dyslipidemia, taking antihyperlipidemics were higher(p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Health examination service includirg advice of physician and education changed health belief and influenced positively to health promotion attitudes. Health examination is not only important for early detection of disease but also to promote positive change of health-related behavior. Further studies are needed to understand the changing process of management of health and disease.
Antihypertensive Agents ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Chronic Disease ; Compliance ; Diet ; Drinking ; Dyslipidemias ; Early Diagnosis ; Education ; Health Education ; Health Promotion ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; Male ; Overweight ; Pamphlets ; Personal Satisfaction ; Prospective Studies ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Telephone ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: In korea, Improvements of standards of hygiene, sanitation and water supply led to a significant reduction in the endemicity of HAV infection, so that hepatitis A outbreaks have shifted from children to adolescents and young adults. Hepatitis A infection becomes more symptomatic with increasing age. We studied Hepatitis A antibody prevalence in college students, who start living a active life in a community. Hepatitis A infection is primarily by the fecal oral route transmitted disease by either person to person contact or ingestion of contaminated food or water. So, We studied follow up prevalance of anti HAV IgG in college students who were living together in dormitory during 1 year. METHODS: The 668 serum samples were obtained from college students living in dormitory, Kangung National University during the period of May 2nd through 5th, 1999. For follow up study, the 158 serum samples were obtained from this group during the period of May, 2000. Anti HAV IgG was measured by HAVAB radioimmunoassy. RESULTS: The overall seroprevalence rate of anti HAV IgG was 16.3% in 1999. According to age, the anti HAV IgG positive rate was increase with age, 10.5% in 18 years, 12.4% in 19 years, 15.9% in 20 years, 22.5% in 21 years, 27.9% in 22 26 years. The seroprevalence of anti HAV IgG was increase with year of university entrance, but not different with sex, department of college and number of family. The anti HAV IgG positive rate in urban group(14.7%) of native place was lower than in rural group(21.5%). Seroconversion rate of negative anti HAV IgG was only 1.3% during I year. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus was a dramtic drop among adolescent and young adulthood in korea. Natural acquisition of HAV antibody rarely occurs during 1 year in living condition such as dormitory.
Adolescent ; Child ; Disease Outbreaks ; Eating ; Epidemiology ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Hepatitis A ; Hepatitis A Antibodies* ; Hepatitis A virus ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Korea ; Prevalence ; Sanitation ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Social Conditions ; Water Supply ; Young Adult

Adenosis tumor is a ra re tumor of the breast and primarily consists of adenosis. Authors report a case of surgically proved adenosis tumor in a 31-year-old woman. Mammogram showed a Iobulated, well-circumscribed mass with several surrounding radiolucent halos. In the center of the mass several linear radiolucent densities were seen with the appearance of a conglomerated well-circumscribed mass such as fibroadenoma. These linear radiolucent densities were consistent with the fat between the fibrous sclerosis in pathologic specimen. Ultrasonogram showed a well-circumscribed mass with homogeneous low echogenicity, partial posterior enhancement, and bilateral acoustic shadowings.
Acoustics ; Adult ; Breast* ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; Humans ; Sclerosis ; Shadowing (Histology) ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.

Several studies have reported that heavy metals have a relation with osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. In this study, we investigated the association between heavy metal exposure status, as assessed by serum major heavy metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) and bone mineral density (BMD) status among Korean adults. A total of 64 adults participated in this study and were assigned to one of three study groups based on the T-score of spine BMD: a normal group (n = 21, T-score > -1), osteopenia group (n = 29, -2.5 < T-score < or = -1) and osteoporosis group (n = 14, T-score < or = -2.5). We also assessed serum levels of heavy metals (Pb, Cd and Hg) by using atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) and daily nutrient and food intakes for 3 days by using 24-hr recall method in the subjects. The mean age was significantly higher in the osteoporosis group compared with the osteopenia and normal groups (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in serum levels of Pb, Cd and Hg among the three groups after adjusting for age. Daily intakes of energy, nutrients were not significantly different among the three groups. The osteoporosis group consumed significantly higher fish and shellfish than the other groups (p < 0.05). In the correlation analysis controlling for age, sex, BMI, and BMD status, the serum Cd level was significantly negatively correlated with intake of cereals, milks and total food. In summary, we did not find a direct association between serum heavy metal levels and BMD status. However, negative relationships were found between serum heavy metal levels and intake of some foods.
Absorption ; Adult ; Bone Density ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; Cadmium ; Edible Grain ; Eating* ; Humans ; Metals, Heavy* ; Milk ; Osteoporosis ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; Shellfish ; Spine

No Abstract Available.
Hepatitis B e Antigens* ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens*

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to evaluate the difference of health status between urban and rural elderly. METHODS: This study was carried out with a data of 139 urban elderly and 127 rural elderly. The health status of the elderly was measured by Korean Translated SF-36 (Short Form 36). The independent variables were the demographic characteristics of the elderly and the factors that may have influence on the health status of the elderly. RESULTS: The multiple regression analysis showed as follows: with respect to physical function (P<0.05), role limitation-physical (P<0.05), bodily pain (P<0.001) the level of health state of the urban elderly was higher than that of the rural elderly. On mental health (P<0.05), the level of the rural elderly was higher than that of the urban elderly. CONCLUSION: It seemed necessary to improve accessibility to the public health clinics for better physical health care of the rural elderly and to provide specific mental health services for the urban elderly. In addition, primary physicians should give their careful consideration for the differences and then provide the specific health programs for the rural and urban elderly accordingly.
Aged* ; Delivery of Health Care ; Health Status ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Mental Health Services ; Public Health