No abstract available.

OBJECTIVES: We sought to describe the perioperative and postoperative adverse events associated with sacral colpopexy and evaluate the surgical outcome, complications, and benefits of laparoscopic sacral fixation for patients with pelvic prolapse. METHODS: Ninety-two women with uterine prolapse underwent sacral colpopexy between January 2011 and September 2016 at Chosun University Hospital. Patients' electronic medical records were investigated for demographic, intraoperative, and postoperative data. Strict definitions were used for all clinically relevant adverse events. Patients' outcomes were documented with 1 self-administered quality of life questionnaires: the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20 focused on symptom distress. The primary analysis looking at perioperative and postoperative adverse events was descriptive and statistics were reported for all groups as n/N (%) with 95% confidence intervals for categorical variables and as mean ± standard deviation and mean (range) for all continuous variables. RESULTS: Their mean age was 69 ± 8.1 years, mean follow-up duration was 12 months, and mean operating time was 61 minutes. There were seven conversions due to anesthetic or surgical difficulties. Follow-up was performed using a telephone questionnaire and physical examination at 12 months. There were three cases of sacral pain with strong analgesics, one of vaginal erosion, two of transient urinary retentions, one of spondylitis, and two of mesh infection. Of the patients, 98.9% were satisfied with the surgical results, while none complained of sexual dysfunction or problems performing her usual activities. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic sacral colpopexy is a feasible and highly effective technique that offers good long-term results with complication rates similar to those of open surgery with the added benefit of being minimally invasive.
Analgesics ; Electronic Health Records ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Pelvic Floor ; Physical Examination ; Postoperative Complications ; Prolapse ; Quality of Life ; Spondylitis ; Telephone ; Uterine Prolapse*

OBJECTIVES: To access the effectiveness of radiofrequency myolysis (RFM) in women with midline dysmenorrhea. METHODS: We designed RFM in two ways laparoscopic RFM (LRFM), vaginal ultrasound-guided RFM (URFM). One hundred and thirty-two patients were in the LRFM group and, 140 patients were in the URFM group. RESULTS: Upon receipt of surgery, both the LRFM and the URFM groups demonstrated a significant decrease (P < 0.001) in the mean pain score when compared to those before and after surgery. CONCLUSION: The RF uterine myolysis procedure provides an alternative for those patients who suffer from intractable midline dysmenorrhea. LRFM is an alternative choice because it is relatively safe and, simple to perform and moreover, it is satisfactory. LRFM appears to increasingly succeed in the treatment of midline dysmenorrhea.
Dysmenorrhea* ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Leiomyoma ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of the combination of raloxifene and alendronate with those of monotherapies in elderly women with osteoporosis. METHODS: Sixty-two postmenopausal women (mean age 63.5 ± 0.5 years) attending gynecologic osteoporosis clinics with established osteoporosis were randomly allocated to one of four treatment groups and monitored for 3 years. All patients enrolled in this study, including those in the control group (n = 14), received 1.0 g elemental calcium and 400 units of vitamin D per day. The raloxifene group (n = 16) received raloxifene 60 mg (Evista®) per day; alendronate group (n = 17) received low-dose (5 mg) alendronate with calcitriol 0.5 µg (Maxmarvil®) per day; and the combination therapy group (n = 15) received both raloxifene 60 mg and low-dose (5 mg) alendronate with calcitriol 0.5 µg. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured in the lumbar spine and hip before and after 3 years of treatment. RESULTS: In patients who received the combined therapy, BMD increased in the lumbar spine and the hip by 7.2% (P<0.001) and 4.8% (P<0.001) at 3 years. For patients in the alendronate group, the increases were 6.7% (P<0.001) and 3.1% (P<0.01) respectively, for the raloxifene group, the increases were 4.36% (P<0.001) and 1.9% (P<0.05) in the vertebrae and femora, respectively; however, the BMD of patients in the control group decreased by 1.81% (P<0.05) and 1.6% (P<0.05), respectively, after 3 years. Patients who received the combination therapy had significantly higher BMD in both the vertebrae femora (P<0.01) in comparison to that in those treated with raloxifene or alendronate individually. CONCLUSIONS: This 3-year randomized study showed the improved effects of alendronate and raloxifene combination on spine and hip BMD in elderly postmenopausal women with established osteoporosis.
Aged* ; Alendronate* ; Bone Density ; Calcitriol ; Calcium ; Female ; Hip ; Humans ; Osteoporosis* ; Raloxifene Hydrochloride* ; Spine ; Vitamin D

A procedure descried by Fontan and Baudet in 1971 successfully bypassed the right ventricle in Tricuspid Atresia patients, after then many modification of the Fontan operation had been described and applied to many cyanotic complex heart patients. Forty patients with a variety of cardiac malformation underwent the Fontan operation at Seoul National University hospital (September 1978 to June 1986). The age at operation ranged 2 months to 18 years. Each number of cases according to basic cardiac anomaly was as follows; 17 in Tricuspid Atresia, 17 in Univertricular Heart, 2 in Double outlet of Right Ventricle, 2 in Transposition of the Great Arteries and 2 in Criss-cross heart. Total mortality rate after the Fontan operation was 50%. There was only one late death (>30 days). Mortality rate under 4 years of age (67%) was higher than that between 4 and 18 years of age (40%). we observed a significantly higher mortality for patients who, in the immediate postoperative period, had central venous pressure greater than 25cm H2O. 45% among survivals did not require further medication. Although mortality rate after the Fontan operation is much higher than that in the foreign literature, operative mortality will decline with the increased expirence of surgeon and the effective patients selection.
Arteries ; Central Venous Pressure ; Crisscross Heart ; Fontan Procedure* ; Heart ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Mortality ; Postoperative Period ; Seoul ; Tricuspid Atresia

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe nurses' recognition of, and practice level in management of general nosocomial infections, and methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) infections. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were collected on June, 2003 from 190 nurses in one university affiliated hospital located in Suwon. RESULTS: The mean score for nurses' recognition of general nosocomial infection control was 3.57, MRSA control was 3.54, and VRE control was 3.86. The mean score on practice for control of general nosocomial infection was 3.19, for MRSA control, 3.20, and for VRE control, 3.63. There were statistically significant relationships between the recognition level and practice level for general nosocomial, MRSA, and VRE infection control. According to the general characteristics of the nurses, the mean scores for both recognition and practice were higher for those nurses who had had infection control education, for those who had worked longer in nursing, and for those who worked in the ICU. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that appropriate hospital infection control programs should be developed through continuous education and practice to improve nurses' level of the practice in general infection control, and especially in MRSA and VRE infection control.
Cross Infection* ; Education ; Gyeonggi-do ; Infection Control* ; Methicillin Resistance ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus* ; Nursing ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Vancomycin ; Vancomycin Resistance

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the histologic effects of tamoxifen on the endometrium using hysteroscopy in postmenopausal women with breast cancer. METHODS: The study included 46 postmenopausal patients who were referred from another clinic due to thickening or bleeding of the endometrium after taking tamoxifen for breast cancer. All patients underwent transvaginal sonography (TVS) and hysteroscopic endometrial biopsy with a 5-mm, continuous-flow, operating hysteroscope. RESULTS: The incidence of malignancy was high (20%) in cases of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) after taking tamoxifen. However, in the non-AUB group with thick endometrium after taking tamoxifen, the incidence of adenocarcinoma was 3.2%. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm the estrogen-like effect of tamoxifen on the endometrium. Endometrial evaluation with TVS suggests further diagnostic procedures; moreover, histologic examination is necessary under hysteroscopy, especially in cases of endometrial bleeding after taking tamoxifen.
Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy ; Breast Neoplasms ; Endometrium ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hysteroscopes ; Hysteroscopy ; Incidence ; Postmenopause ; Tamoxifen ; Uterine Hemorrhage

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of orally administered dienogest (DNG) for dysmenorrhea and pelvic pain associated with endometriosis. METHODS: For this study we recruited 89 patients with dysmenorrhea and pelvic pain associated with endometriosis diagnosed by laparoscopy. All patients complained of persistent dysmenorrhea and pelvic pain despite surgical treatment 6 months previously. After 6 months of DNG treatment, we used a 0 to 3 point verbal rating scale to measure the severity of disability in daily life due to dysmenorrhea and pelvic pain, and the use of analgesics. Weight gain, serum lipid and liver enzyme tests were performed before treatment and after 6 months of DNG treatment. RESULTS: Total dysmenorrhea scores assessed by the verbal rating scale significantly decreased by the end of treatment (P<0.001). The mean (±standard deviation) pain score for dysmenorrhea before and after treatment were 1.42±1.1 and 0.1±0.3, respectively. The mean non-menstrual pelvic pain scores before and after treatment were 0.52±0.6 and 0.18±0.3, respectively, showing a significant difference (P<0.001). The use of analgesics significantly decreased by the end of the treatment (P<0.001). The associated adverse effects were weight gains (in 56 of 89 patients, 63%) and uterine bleeding (in 28 of 89 patients, 31.5%). The weight gain (before treatment, 57.9±9.7; after treatment, 61.1±12.6) was statistically significant (P<0.040). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that orally administered DNG could be used to effectively treat dysmenorrhea and pelvic pain associated with endometriosis although the side effects of weight gain and uterine bleeding should be considered.
Analgesics ; Dysmenorrhea* ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Liver ; Pelvic Pain* ; Uterine Hemorrhage ; Weight Gain

The author and author's affiliation should be corrected.
Bone Density* ; Endometriosis* ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone* ; Humans ; Raloxifene Hydrochloride*

The author line was published incorrectly.