No abstract available.
Family Practice* ; Humans ; Internship and Residency*

The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix had shown an increasing tendency, and which is related to the increased use of oral contraceptives or prevalent in human papillomavirus infection. Endocervical glandular dysplasia or adenocarcinoma in situ are occasionally associated with squamous neoplasms of the uterine cervix. This study was aimed to evaluate the histologic features and the incidence of endocervical glandular lesions associated with squamous neoplasms, the presence of human papillomavirus infection-suggesting histologic findings in adjacent squamous neoplasms and the immmunohistochemical findings of endocervical glandular lesions for carcinoembryonic antigen. The materials used were 105 cases of microinvasive and invasive squamous cell carcinoma, and 83 cases of squamous intraepithelial lesions which are consisted of 142 radical or total hystrectomy products and 46 conization or loop excision products. The results are as follows; 1. Among 188 cases, six cases(3.2%) had shown foci of high grade glandular dyaplasia, and 19 cases(10.1%) revealed the areas of low grade glandular dysplasia. There was no adenocarcinoma in situ case. 2. In four of six high grade glandular dysplasia cases, microinvasive or invasive squamous cell carcinomas were associated. In low grade glandular dysplasias, sqaumous intraepithelial lesions were occcupying 68.4%. 3. HPV infection-suggesting histologic findings had accompanied all high grade glandular dysplasia cases and in 17 cases(89.5%) of 19 low grade glandular dysplasias. 4. In 2 of 5 high grade glandular dysplasias and in 1 of 19 low grade glandular dysplasias, the immunohistochemical reaction for carcinoembryonic antigen was similar to that of adenocarcinoma. In conclusion, the clinicopathologic importance of endocervical glandular lesions associated with squamous neoplasms of the uterine cervix should be kept in mind, and further study for the relationship between endocervical glandular lesions and human papillomavirus infection or hormonal influence will be continued.
Humans ; Incidence ; Adenocarcinoma

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Hypertension*

Malignant transformation of benign cystic teratomas of the ovary is rare, with an incidence rate of 1-3%. The most common malignancy associated with benign cystic teratoma of the ovary is squamous cell carcinoma, which represents 90% of malignant transformations, followed by adenocarcinoma and carcinoid. Primary malignant neuroectodermal tumor in a mature cystic teratoma is extremely rare and microscopically can be subclassified as differentiated, primitive, and anaplatic. We experienced a case of primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) associated with mature cystic teratoma of the ovary in a 11-year-old girl. Grossly, the ovary was a unilocular cyst which contained sebum material and disclosed several large, yellow to gray-tan polypoid excresences attached to the inner cystic wall. Except a large, fish-flesh, soft mass, the other polypoid masses were covered with sebum and contained small pieces of cartilage and tooth, and microscopically represented as mature teratoma. The large, fish-flesh, soft mass disclosed sheets and lobules of closely packed small cells with thin fibrovascular septa, which frequently replacing and encroaching the mature cystic teratoma. The small tumor cells were uniform and made up of round to oval nuclei with coarse chromatin and prominent nucleoli, very similar to those of PNET of the central nervous system.
Incidence ; Cysts ; Adenocarcinoma

Recently the 2nd generation laboratory composite resins were introduced. Although the mechanical properties of these composite resins have been improved, there were some disadvantages such as discoloration, low abrasion resistance and debonding between metal and resin. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tensile bond strength between non-pecious dental alloy(verabond) and four veneering reinforced composite resins: Targis(Ivoclar Co.,U.S.A.), Artglass(Kulzer CO., Gemany). Sculpture(Jeneric Pentron Co., U.S.A.), and Estenia(Kurary Co., Japan). All test metal specimens were polished with #1,000 SiC paper, and sandblasted with 250micrometer aluminum oxide. After then, according to manufacturer's instructions metal adhesive primer and veneering resins were applied. All test specimens were divided into two groups. One group was dried in a desiccator at 25degrees C for 3 days, the other group was subjected to thermal cycling(2,000x) in water(5/55degrees C). Tensile bond strength was measured using Instron Universal Testing machine and the fractured surface was examined under the naked eyes and scanning microscope. Within the limitations imposed in this study, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1. in no-thermal cycling groups, there were no significant differences between Estenia and VMK68 but there were significant differences between Targis, Artglass, Sculpture and VMK68(p<0.05). 2. in no-thermal cycling resin groups, the highest tensile bond strength was observed in Estenis and there were significant differences between Estenia and the other resins(p<0.05). 3. Before and after thermal cycling, there were significant differences in tensile bond strength of Targis and Artglass(p<0.05). The tensile bond strength of Artglass was decreased and that of Targis was increased. 4. in no-thermal cycling groups, Artglass showed mixed fracture modes(95%), but after thermal cycling, Artglass showed adhesive fracture modes(75%).
Adhesives ; Aluminum Oxide ; Composite Resins* ; Dental Alloys* ; Sculpture

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus* ; Maxillary Sinusitis*

PURPOSE: We studied the change of bronchial hyperresponsiveness(BHR) from childhood to early adulthood and to know the risk factors which influence on the persistence of BHR. METHODS: Seventy two atopic asthma children with nonspecific BHR to methacholine were observed for about 10 years, longitudinally. They were divided into 3 groups depend on the degree of BHR; no BHR group(A group), asymptomatic BHR group(B group), symptomatic BHR group(C group) and compared clinical and atopic findings, inflammation degree of airway, and environmental factors between the groups. RESULTS: In the group A, B, C, the number of subjects were, respectively, 15(20.8%), 19 (26.4%), 38(52.8%). The frequency of group C was higher in the subjects with more severe asthma symptoms and higher BHR at diagnosis. The positive rates of skin prick test to Dp, Df, and pets, serum total IgE, sputum eosinophils, sputum ECP at the time of follow-up were significantly higher in group C. The frequency of subjects with carpets/sofa/bed, pets at home and smokers at the time of follow-up were higher in group B, C. CONCLUSION: Significant number of childhood asthma showed persistent nonspecific BHR in early adulthood. The persistence of nonspecific BHR in early adulthood was related with severity of asthma at diagnosis, laboratory findings and environmental factors at follow up.
Asthma* ; Child ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Diagnosis ; Eosinophils ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; Inflammation ; Methacholine Chloride ; Risk Factors* ; Skin ; Sputum

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to obtain the accurate information on the obesity indices, such as body mass index(BMI), relative weight and waist-hip ratio(WHR) and to investigate their relationship in order to assess the childhood and adolescent obesity more appropriately. METHODS: In May, 1995, a total of 6943(male; 3469, female; 3474) students from primary, middle and high schools in Seoul were selected and each students height, weight, waist and hip circumference data were collected. RESULTS: The BMI increased with age in both sexes. From age 12 to 16, values of BMI 50th percentiles for females exceeded those for males. And the BMI 95th percentiles at the age of 13 to 14 years were higher for females than for males. The prevalence of obesity by relative weight was higher in males than in females(male ; 17.9%, female ; 13.1%). The WHR was higher in males than females in all age group and decreased with age in both sexes, showing more sharp reduction in females. Strong correlations were observed between the BMI and the relative weight, and the BMI and the relative weight correlated closely with WHR. The WHR was significanly higher in obese group' than in non-obese group. In the female obese group aged 6 to 11 years, no significant correlation was found between the relative weight and the WHR. CONCLUSIONS: There were significant relationships between the indices of obesity and body fat distribution. This study suggests that WHR as well as BMI and relative weight might be useful in assessing the childhood and adolescent obesity.
Adolescent* ; Body Fat Distribution ; Body Mass Index* ; Child* ; Female ; Hip ; Humans ; Male ; Obesity ; Pediatric Obesity ; Prevalence ; Seoul* ; Waist-Hip Ratio*

PURPOSE: Bronchial asthma is a disorder that is characteized by symptoms of reversible airway obstruction and increased responsiveness of the bronchus and to quantify the degree of br onchial hyperresponsivenes can be very helpful in determing the severity of disease and the prognosis. But the Methacholine provocation test is not always easy to be performed in all patients. Thus we designed this trial to know the relationship between the degree of bronchial hype rresponsiveness by Methacholine and the severity of asthma symptoms, pulmonary function te st and atopic findings. METHODS: Methacholine provocation test was performed on 60 clinically stable asthma patients who visited the pediatric allergy clinic of Taegu Fatima Hospital from July, 1992 to June, 1 993. All patients were free of URI for at least 6 weeks and medications were withhold for 2 weeks for corticosteroid or beta receptor agonist and at least 2 days for theophylline. All subjects ha d FEV1 more than 70% of predicted value, and more than 20% of reversible obstruction. Disease severity score(DSS) was compared by the number of asthmatic attacts, clinical picture, therapeutic medications and the Airway reactivity score(ARS) was measured on the number of nonspecipic irritants provoking the bronchial hyperresponsivess. Methacholine provocation test was performed as follows; Normal saline was inhaled 5 times by tidal breath through De Vilbiss 646 inhaler and FEV1 was measured as baseline. According to Chai standardized method, Mathacholine was diluted to 0.075-25mg/ml concentration and inhaled 5 times and accumulated Methacholine was graded 0.375-225.0 Breath Units(One BU = 1 inhalation of 1 mg/ml). PD20 was determined to the concentration at which the FEV1 faIled to 20% below the baseline. RESULTS: 1) PD20 were distributed variably between 0.375 BU and 225.0 BU 2) Bronchial hyperresponsiveness was high on asthma with allergic rhinitis(p<0.05). 3) Bronchial hyperresponsiveness by Methacholine provocation test had significant correlation both DSS(r= -0.473; p<0.01) and ARS(r= -0.32; p<0.05). 4) Bronchial hyperresponsiveness by Methacholine provocation test had significant correlation to baseline FEV1/FVC ratio(r= -0.63; p<0.01). 5) Bronchial hyperresponsiveness by Methacholine provocation test had no statistical significant correlation to serum IgE value(r= -0.24; p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The severity of bronchial hyperresponsiveness by Methacholine provocation t est had significant correlation with DSS and ARS, and there was a close relation BHR to the baseline FEV1/FVC1 ratio too. Thus exact history about clinical pictures, medications, provocating irritants in asthmatic patients and baseline FEV1/FVC ratio can be very helpful in assessing the bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
Airway Obstruction ; Asthma* ; Bronchi ; Daegu ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Immunoglobulin E ; Inhalation ; Irritants ; Methacholine Chloride* ; Nebulizers and Vaporizers ; Prognosis ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Theophylline

The pathogenesis of endocervical glandular lesions are not clearly understood. The aims of this study are to evaluate the etiologic role of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18 and the relationship of HPV 16/18, p53 and MIB-1 expressions in endocervical glandular dysplasia (EGD), adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and adenocarcinoma. The materials included 14 endocervical adenocarcinoma and 5 AIS and 18 high grade EGD and 39 low grade EGD. Immunohistochemistry for p53 and MIB-1, and in situ PCR for HPV 16/18 were done. HPV 16/18 positivity was 84.2%, 16.7% and 17.9% in malignant glandular lesion (adenocarcinoma and AIS), high grade EGD and low grade EGD, respectively. P53 protein expression rates of malignant glandular lesions, high grade EGD and low grade EGD were 31.6%, 11.1%, and 0%, respectively. High MIB-1 labelling index was found in 73.7% of malignant glandular lesions, but in only 5.7% and 3.6% of high and low grade EGD, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in HPV 16/18, p53 and MIB-1 expressions between malignant endocervical glandular lesions and EGD, but no significant difference in p53 and MIB-1 expressions in relation to HPV 16/18 expression. In malignant endocervical glandular lesions, HPV 16/18 infection may be a major causative factor, but not be related to p53 and MIB-1 expressions.
Adenocarcinoma/pathology/physiopathology/*virology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology/physiopathology/virology ; Cervix Neoplasms/pathology/physiopathology/*virology ; Female ; Human ; Nuclear Proteins/analysis/*genetics ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral/genetics ; *Papillomavirus, Human ; Papovaviridae Infections/*pathology/physiopathology ; Protein p53/analysis/*genetics ; Tumor Virus Infections/*pathology/physiopathology