Genes of cancer-associated testis antigens (CTAs) are expressed in various cancer tissues. In order to use CTAs as cancer diagnosis marker, we developed molecular method for detection of CTAs transcripts in tissue. In order to know the applicability of DNA of cancer-associated testis antigens (CTAs) on cancer diagnosis, molecular diagnostic methods for detection of gene expression of melanoma antigen gene (MAGE), GAGE, and B melanoma antigen (BAGE) was studied. After comparing DNA sequences of CTAs, S1/AS1 and S2/AS2, GAGE-S/ GAGE-AS, and BAGE-S/BAGE-AS primers were designed for the detection of MAGEs, GAGEs and BAGEs, respectively. The gene expression of CTAs in cancer cell lines, head and neck cancer tissues, ovary cancer tissue, and peritoneal cells of gastric cancer patients were investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using these primers. The MAGEs, GAGEs and BAGE genes were expressed in 8/8 (100%), 5/8 (62.5%) and 1/8 (12.5%) of head and neck cancer tissues, respectively. The gene expression of MAGEs were also detected in 8/10 (80%) of ovary cancer tissues and in 9/10 (90%) of peritoneal cells of gastric cancer patients in RT-PCR test using S1/AS1 primers. The results of this study suggest that molecular diagnosis method using CTAs genes, especially RT-PCR using S1/AS1 primer combination, is useful for diagnosis of cancer and it will be used for the prediction of cancer progression or regression and metastasis in future.
Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Diagnosis* ; DNA ; Gene Expression ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Humans ; Melanoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Pathology, Molecular ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Testis*

Rett syndrome is progressive neurodegenerative disorder in female patients, characterized by autistic behavior, mental retardation, loss of purposeful hand skills, stereotypic hand movement, breathing dysfunction, severely impaired language, ataxia, and seizure. The diagnosis of Rett syndrome is based on its characteristic clinical manifestation and course. The electroencephalographic (EEG) findings of Rett syndrome are nonspecific, but a progressive deterioration in the EEG, characterized by a slowing of background activity and spike sharp wave discharges, may be observed. We experienced one case of Rett syndrome in a 5 year old girl having mental retardation, loss of purposeful hand skills, stereotypic hand movements (clapping, washing, hand-to-mouth), breathing dysfunction (hyperventilation/apnea). Her EEG findings on Video-EEG monitoring are excessive slowing waves during awake state and frequent spike discharges from left or centrotemporal area during sleeping. We report a case of Rett syndrome with brief review of related literatures.
Ataxia ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis ; Electroencephalography ; Female ; Hand ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Respiration ; Rett Syndrome* ; Seizures

Apgar score is most widely used evaluating indicator of newborn health, but it is very subjective. Umbilical cord blood gas analysis is more objective and effective than Apgar score in evaluation of newborn status. Cord blood gas was changed slightly by processing of time after fetal birth. This study was undertaken to observe objectiveness and effectiveness of umbilical arterial blood gas analysis and effects of time interval of cord clamping to newborn health with 122 pregnant women and their babies. We observed following results: 1. There were poor correlation between Apgar score and umbilical cord arterial blood analysis in evaluating of newborn health (P>0.05). 2. There was no clinical significance of Apgar score or umbilical arterial blood gas analysis as single indicator in evaluating of newborn health (P>0.05). 3. Gas analysis and pH of umbilical arterial blood was more helpful in evaluating of newborn health than Apgar score. 4. There were no significant effects of time interval of umbilical cord clamping to newborn health. 5. If there were no indications of early umbilical cord clamping, cord blood sampling at immediately after birth without cord clamping was more effective to evaluate newborn status.
Apgar Score* ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Constriction ; Cordocentesis ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration* ; Infant Health* ; Infant, Newborn* ; Parturition ; Pregnant Women ; Umbilical Cord

Bronchopulmonary sequestration(BPS) and congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) are rare, but both should be included in the differential diagnosis of fetal lung mass. We experienced a mixed form of Stocker type-III CCAM and extralo-bar BPS, and present this case, together with a rev i ew of the related literature.
Bronchopulmonary Sequestration* ; Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Lung

No abstract available.
Humans

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge and practice of patient-controlled analgesia use and management (PCA-UM) among nurses. METHODS: Data were collected from 182 nurses employed by four general hospitals having more than 300 beds in Daejeon. The data were collected using self-report questionnaires from November 4 to November 20, 2015. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and ANOVA. RESULTS: The average nurses' knowledge about PCA-UM was 14.8 points out of 20. PCA-UM knowledge was significantly higher for nurses with experience in PCA education (t=3.55, p < .001). Most participants (91.2%) wanted to get PCA training, 86.8% of them provided PCA education to patients after surgery. Approximately 62% of participants regularly evaluated the level of consciousness of patients with PCA. CONCLUSION: Findings indicate that the knowledge and practice of PCA-UM among nurses were insufficient to provide safe and effective pain management to postoperative patients with PCA. Therefore, it is concluded that it is necessary to develop standardized PCA education programs for nurses to provide safe and effective pain management to postoperative patients with PCA.
Analgesia, Patient-Controlled ; Consciousness ; Education ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Pain Management ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis

No abstract available.
Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IV* ; Hyperlipoproteinemias ; Xanthomatosis*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify post-operative discomfort, sense of loss, family support, and resilience in breast cancer surgery patients, and to investigate factors that affect resilience.METHOD: The sample of this study consisted of 108 patients who underwent surgery for breast cancer in two university hospitals located in B city. The collected data was analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression.RESULTS: The factors that significantly affected resilience were as follows: having a religion (β=-.20, p=.006), having an occupation (β=.14, p=.049), having a high school diploma (β=.31 p=.001), making less than 2–3 million won (β=-.19, p=.036) per month, experiencing a sense of loss (β=-.22, p=.003) and family support (β=.44, p < .001). The total explanatory power amounted to 53.8% (F=14.83, p < .001, AdjR²=.54).CONCLUSION: Educational intervention programs for breast cancer surgery patients that improve resilience by reducing the sense of loss and increasing family support must be developed.
Breast Neoplasms ; Breast ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Methods ; Occupations

Some variables can influence the efficiency of leukocyte removal filter for red cell concentrates. We performed this study to evaluate whether the filtration efficiency for platelet concentrates(PCs) can be influenced by bedside filter(PXL8K, Pall Corporation, USA) used, platelet storage time and transient stopping of platelet agitation, and to measure the amount of cytokines released from donor leukocytes in PCs during the storage time. In addition, we examined the effect of leukocyte reduction by filtration before the storage of PCs on the subsequent generation of cytokines. Any of the above mentioned variables did not make significant differences. From day 1 to day 5, there were significant increases in IL-1 beta (<1 vs. 8.6 pg/mL, p<0.05), IL-8 (<10 vs. 455.3 pg/mL, p<0.05) and TNF-alpha (<4 vs. 16.6 pg/mL, p<0.05) in unflltered PCs, whereas no increased revels of cytokines were found in the cases of prestorage filtration.
Blood Platelets* ; Cytokines ; Dihydroergotamine ; Filtration* ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; Interleukin-8 ; Leukocytes* ; Tissue Donors ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha