No abstract available.
Mucocele*

In 2018, The Ministry of Health and Welfare announced its first comprehensive plan for patient safety, which included the imperative to develop a patient safety curriculum for students studying to become health professionals. The aim of this study is to assess current patient safety education and points of consideration for introducing new curriculum. An online survey was used to understand the status of patient safety education in medical schools, and key informant interviews and focus group interviews were used to collect qualitative data on the experience of patient safety education. The results of the online survey from 16 out of 40 medical schools (40% response rate) and the qualitative data analysis were integrated and analyzed. Twelve schools (75%) had established courses related to patient safety. The qualitative responses suggest that patient safety education is appropriate both before and after clinical training through a variety of educational methods, and that the topics should be linked with clinical training. The challenge of securing lecture time to address patient safety was mentioned as a realistic obstacle. When patient safety education is integrated in future curriculum, it is necessary to consider it as a priority. Moreover, in the early stages of introducing patient safety education, a step-by-step, policy-based approach is required for seamless adoption and settlement.

Down syndrome patients generally have poor oral hygiene due to lack of awareness and ability to perform oral care, and there is a high risk of tooth loss. Also, they are characterized by small and irregular teeth and oligodontia, which makes it difficult to do prosthetic treatment. This article reports a case of implant hybrid prosthesis treatment of maxillary edentulous area in Down syndrome patient. The external shape of the final prosthesis was determined by using the mandibular artificial teeth to reflect the oligodontia of the mandible and the pontic areas were adjusted to facilitate oral hygiene care. As a result, aesthetically and functionally satisfactory results were obtained.
Denture, Partial, Fixed ; Down Syndrome ; Humans ; Mandible ; Oral Hygiene ; Prostheses and Implants ; Tooth ; Tooth Loss ; Tooth, Artificial

OBJECTIVE: This study is focused on providing baseline data to help and guide unmarried mothers throughout their pregnancy and delivery. METHODS: We surveyed 165 unmarried mothers who gave birth from January, 2003 to December, 2006 at Seoul Red Cross Hospital. They were divided into three age groups; 10's group, 20's group, and 30's to 40's group, and obstetric and social aspects of each group was analyzed with Chi-square test (x2), ANOVA, using SPSS (Ver. 10.0) verified with 95% of significance level. RESULTS: In this study, 61.1% of all unmarried mothers were in their 20's. Unmarried mothers were examined on the average 3.88 times before giving birth and 53.3% of them recognized their pregnancy before 3 months gestation. Unmarried mothers depend upon, mass communication such as the internet for medical information. Cesarean section rate was 21.8%, and the older the unmarried mothers are, the higher it gets. 22.2% of unmarried mothers have a higher education background; presently college students or above. Their smoking rate was 53.3%, which means more than half of them have smoked. 70.3% of the mothers in the survey wanted their children to be adopted after delivery. CONCLUSION: In this time of lowering birth rates, we should reconsider today's fragmentary welfare policies which only provide financial aid for delivery. It is necessary to provide welfare services which can cover delivery and rearing as well, so unmarried mothers choose to bring up their own children instead of sending the children off for adoption.
Birth Rate ; Cesarean Section ; Child ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Illegitimacy* ; Internet ; Mothers ; Parturition ; Pregnancy* ; Red Cross ; Seoul ; Single Person* ; Smoke ; Smoking

PURPOSE: The smoking rates among teenagers in Korea grow gradually since 1980s despite of the numerous programs for youth smoking prevention and cessation have been developed and implemented. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the processes of habituating to smoking among teenagers using the grounded theory methodology. METHOD: Qualitative data was collected via six focus group interviews. A total of 38 people, twelve teachers and 24 middle school students participated in this study. All focus group interviews were tape-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed according to the grounded theory methodology. RESULTS: The overriding theme of the elicited grounded theory was "stepping into a quagmire by a merest chance". The student participants began smoking by a simple chance. The contingent factors to starting smoking were "discord within the family", "family member's smoking", "schoolwork stresses", or "a rebellious spirit". The conditions of smoking included accessibility, going around in group, and the lack of discipline. "Stigmatizing", "involved in mob violence", and "making a poor academic record" coexisted as the covariance of the smoking habituation. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study illustrated the comprehensive and insightful picture of the phenomena under investigation. Nursing implications and further directions for research were discussed.
Adolescent* ; Focus Groups ; Humans ; Korea ; Nursing ; Smoke* ; Smoking* ; Tobacco Products

Sasa quelpaertensis Nakai leaves contain a mixture of polysaccharides, amino acids, and polyphenols, which mediate various biological activities. For efficient utilization of its leaf, we reported the preparation procedure for phytochemical-rich extract (PRE) using the leaf residue, which was by-product of hot water extraction. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of PRE and its major constituent, p-coumaric acid,on the growth of several human cancer cell lines (MKN-74, MKN-45, SNU-1, SNU-16, and HL-60). The ethyl acetate fraction of PRE and p-coumaric acid significantly inhibited the proliferation of MKN-74 and HL-60 cells, respectively, and induced cell apoptosis, down-regulated Bcl-2 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase levels, and up-regulated those of Bax and caspase-3. These results show the potential utility of S. quelpaertensis Nakai leaves in cancer prevention.
Amino Acids ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; Cell Line ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Phytochemicals ; Polyphenols ; Polysaccharides ; Sasa ; Water

BACKGROUND: The combination chemotherapy of gemcitabine and cisplatin has been proven effective in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the optimal schedule for administration of the two drugs has not yet been determined. We therefore started a phase II trial to evaluate efficacy, toxicity and dose intensity (DI) as three-week scheduled chemotherapy of gemcitabine and cisplatin. METHODS: Between October 2000 and March 2003, a total of 56 patients with stage IIIB and IV NSCLC were enrolled in this study. Treatment schedule consisted of gemcitabine 1200 mg/m2 i.v. on days 1 and 8, and cisplatin 80 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1 of each chemotherapy cycle followed by two weeks of rest. RESULTS: Forty-eight patients were evaluable in response and adverse effects in this study. The median DI was 529 mg/m2/week for gemcitabine (66%) and 22 mg/m2/week for cisplatin (83%). Partial response was observed in 23 patients. The overall response rate was 47.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], range from 33.6% to 61.9%). Anemia and thrombocytopenia were the main hematologic adverse effects, with 8.3% and 8.3% of patients experiencing grade III to IV toxicity, respectively. The median survival time was 11.78 months (95% CI, range from 8.59 to 14.97months). No significant differences in response rate were observed according to sex, age, histology and DI of gemcitabine and cisplatin. CONCLUSION: The 3-week-scheduled combination chemotherapy of gemcitabine and cisplatin has feasibility to treat advanced stage IIIB and IV NSCLC with modest adverse effects. The regimen deserves further evaluaton in a phase III prospective randomized trial.
Anemia ; Appointments and Schedules ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Cisplatin* ; Drug Therapy ; Drug Therapy, Combination* ; Humans ; Thrombocytopenia

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a simulation-based High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy training program based on NLN/ISF to identify the effect on knowledge, clinical performance, and educational satisfaction compared to a group who had traditional High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy training after applying it to clinical nurses. Methods: 31 experimental groups and 33 control groups were conducted from August 2019 to September 2019 for inexperienced nurses over 4 months to 5 years with no experience using high-flow oxygen therapy. Educational programs were developed in scenarios according to Airvo2 and Optiflow, such as facilitator, participant, educational condition, design, characteristics, and educational outcomes. The education application was conducted in advanced for knowledge and clinical performance ability after watching therapy video. Since then, a total of 90 minutes have been conducted for respiratory failure theory training, airvo2 and optiflow simulation training, and debriefing. After applying the education, the medical institution measured nurses’ knowledge, clinical performance, and education satisfaction. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, with the SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. Results: Both knowledge and educational satisfaction were higher in the experimental group than in the control group (t=-14.09, p<.001), (t=-12.99, p<.001). The clinical performance for both use of Optiflow and Airvo2 were higher in the experimental group than in the control group (t=-11.39, p<.001), (t=-11.38, p<.001) . Conclusion Results showed that the simulation-based High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy training was effective with the experimental group having increased scores for every area of this study.

Hepatic hemangioma is the most common benign tumor of the liver. Most such hemangiomas are small, asymptomatic, and have an excellent prognosis. Giant hepatic hemangioma has been reported in the literature, but the exophytic and pedunculated forms of hepatic hemangioma are rare. A 56-year-old woman was referred to our hospital under the suspicion of having a gastric submucosal tumor. Abdominal computer tomography (CT) scans showed a pedunculated mass from the left lateral segment of the liver into the gastric fundus, exhibiting the atypical CT findings of hepatic hemangioma. We therefore decided to perform laparoscopic resection based on the symptoms, relatively large diameter, inability to exclude malignancy, and risk of rupture of the exophytic lesion. The pathology indicated it to be a cavernous hemangioma of the liver. Herein we report a case of pedunculated hepatic hemangioma mimicking a submucosal tumor of the stomach due to extrinsic compression of the gastric fundus.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Endoscopy, Digestive System ; Female ; Hemangioma/*diagnosis/pathology/surgery ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms/*diagnosis/pathology/surgery ; Middle Aged ; Stomach Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Patients with active cancer are at an increased risk for stroke. Hypercoagulability plays an important role in cancer-related stroke. We aimed to test whether 1) hypercoagulability is a predictor of survival, and 2) correction of the hypercoagulable state leads to better survival in patients with stroke and active cancer. METHODS: We recruited consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke and active systemic cancer between January 2006 and July 2015. Hypercoagulability was assessed using plasma D-dimer levels before and after 7 days of anticoagulation treatment. The study outcomes included overall and 1-year survival. Plasma D-dimer levels before and after treatment were tested in univariate and multivariate Cox regression models. We controlled for systemic metastasis, stroke mechanism, age, stroke severity, primary cancer type, histology, and atrial fibrillation using the forward stepwise method. RESULTS: A total of 268 patients were included in the analysis. Patients with high (3rd–4th quartiles) pre-treatment plasma D-dimer levels showed decreased overall and 1-year survival (adjusted HR, 2.19 [95% CI, 1.46–3.31] and 2.70 [1.68–4.35], respectively). After anticoagulation treatment, post-treatment D-dimer level was significantly reduced and independently associated with poor 1-year survival (adjusted HR, 1.03 [95% CI, 1.01–1.05] per 1 μg/mL increase, P=0.015). The successful correction of hypercoagulability was a protective factor for 1-year survival (adjusted HR 0.26 [CI 0.10–0.68], P=0.006). CONCLUSIONS: Hypercoagulability is associated with poor survival after stroke in patients with active cancer. Effective correction of hypercoagulability may play a protective role for survival in these patients.
Atrial Fibrillation ; Humans ; Methods ; Mortality* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Plasma ; Prognosis ; Protective Factors ; Stroke* ; Thrombophilia*