Objective\ To investigate the cardiovascular distribution of orphanin FQ (OFQ) and OFQ precursor mRNA in spontaneously hypertensive rat(SHR) and rabbit. Methods\ Reverse transcription polymerase chain reacrtion(RT PCR), and immunohistochemical method were used. Results\ The expression of OFQ precursor mRNA was detected from aorta, pulmonary artery, renal artery and vein of rat at a high level comparable with the amounts of brain, and a weak expression signal could also be observed in the atrium. The positive immunoreactive OFQ was detected in the tissues of aorta, atrium and renal of rabbit, as well as in smooth cells, endothelium and glomerulus. Conclusion\ These observations suggest that orphanin FQ might play a role in regulating the function of cardiovascular system and kidney, but the exact underlying mechanism needs further studying.

Objective To study the relationship between QT interval and the components of metabolic syndrome in adult Chinese population.Methods Totally 975 adults(494 men and 481 women)aged 41~53 from the study cohort of Fetal Origin of Adult Disease(FOAD)were recruited in the study for epidemiologic examinations,involving anthropometry and measurements of blood pressure,fasting and 2hr plasma levels of glucose and insulin and serum levels of lipid.A standard 12-lead ECG was recorded and the corrected QT(QTc)was calculated accordingly by Bazett formula.HOMA-IR index was calculated for estimating individual insulin resistance.Metabolic syndrome(MS)was diagnosed according to the definition issued by the International Diabetes Federation(IDF)in 2005.Results The prolonged QT interval was found in 262 of the 975 cases(26.9%),and the rates of prolonged QT interval being 21.6% and 32.6% in men and women respectively(P=0.0001).The prevalences of MS,IR,central obesity,IFG,higher serum level of triglyceride(TG)and lower serum level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were 19.7%,19.5%,42.5%,34.3%,26.3%,34.6% and 31.1% in this mid-aged population respectively.The prolonged QT interval was significantly associated with MS,IR,IFG,higher serum level of triglyceride(TG)and certral obesity respectively(P

Objective To study the effects of lead exposure on expression of nerve growth factor(NGF)gene in the rat hippocampus,and explore the molecular toxicological mechanism of the learning and damage induced by lead exposure. Methods Using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and in situ hybridization,NGF mRNA levels in the hippocampus of normal and lead exposure rats were investigated. Results NGF mRNA presented in the normal hippocampus of rats.NGF mRNA levels in the hippocampus were significantly decreased by lead exposure.There was a negative correlativity between the expression of nerve growth factor mRNA in the hippocampus and the time of lead exposure.Conclusion Lead can downregulate the expression of nerve growth factor gene in the rat hippocampus.

Objective To investigate the effects of different target effect-site concentrations (Ces) of remifentanil on the sedative effect of propofol. Methods Fifty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 20-55 yr weighing 48-86 kg with body mass index ＜ 30 kg/m2 were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n = 10 each) . Anesthesia was induced with TCI of remifentanil (Ce = 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 ng/ml in groups R0-R4 respectively) and propofol. The initial Ce of propofol was 2.0 μg/ml in the 5 groups, and then the Ce of propofol increased by 0.5 μg/ml every 1 min until BIS value decreased to 50. BIS value and Ce of propofol were recorded as the patient lost consciousness. The effect-site concentration and consumption of propofol and the time required were recorded when BIS value decreased to 50.Results BIS value was significantly increased, while the effect-site concentration of propofol was significantly decreased as the patient lost consciousness, and the effect-site concentration and consumption of propofol were significantly decreased and the time required was shortened when BIS value decreased to 50 in R2-R4 groups compared with group R0 (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01) . Conclusion The sedative effect of propofol can be enhanced when the Ce of remifentanil reaches 4 ng/ml, and the effects are comparable when the Ce of remifentanil reaches 4, 6 and 8 ng/ml.

Escherichia coli ; genetics ; pathogenicity ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Virulence ; genetics

Objective To analyze the dynamic trends of physical development,constitutional fitness,and prevalence of obesity among Han children and adolescents in Ningxia aged 7-18 years from 1985 to 2010.Methods Data were collected from the National Survey on Students Constitution and Health in 1985,1991,1995,2000,2005 and 2010,respectively.Height,weight and chest circumference were used to evaluate physical development,vital capacity,50-meter running and vital capacity versus weight ratio for the evaluation of constitutional fitness.Results 1.Weight and chest circumference increased faster than height.The average annual increase of weight among the urban girls was significantly faster than those in rural areas.2.The tempo per year of vital capacity in both boys and girls decreased during 25 years,especially after 2005.The rural students had a faster tempo than those in the urban students,and the rate in boys was higher than those in girls.Vital capacity to weight ratio in boys decreased from 2005 much more than before,and had a decreasing trend in each age group except for a few groups in girls.There was a decrease in the mean time of 50-meter running in both boys and girls from 1985 to 2005,whereas the decrease became slow during 1995-2005.The prolonged trend in 50-meter-run time existed during 2005-2010.The average prolonged speeds per decade in boys and urban students was higher than that in girls and rural areas.3.From 1985 to 2010 year,the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity among boys and girls was 15.0％,25.0％ and 28.1％,12.4％,respectively.The average increasing rate was much higher in the obese than in the over-weighted children,and there were more in boys than in girls.There was a similar positive trend of increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity with the increased gross domestic product.Conclusions The physical growth and development among students in Ningxia increased rapidly,along with the descending trend of average annual rate of physical fitness as well as the rising trend of prevalence obesity.Some measures should be taken by the government to tackle with the situation,and the healthy intervention should be applied to the high risk population.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care Units, Pediatric ; statistics & numerical data ; Lung Diseases ; epidemiology ; mortality ; physiopathology ; Male ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Survival Rate

Objective To observe long-term follow-up results of in-stent restenosis by digital subtraction angiography(DSA) method after angioplasty and stenting with the Gateway-Wingspan stenting system in middle cerebral artery(MCA).Methods Consecutive patients with ischemic stroke and Wingspan stent placement were enrolled into our study.The proportion of in-stent restenosis and ischemic stroke associated with restenosis were evaluated by DSA after 6 and 12 months of stent placement.Results 30 patients with stenosis/occlusion of MCA underwent Wingspan Stent successfully.All of the patients finished follow-up except two patients(6.7％ ) who died in the first three months after stenting.At the sixth months follow-up,in-stent restenosis was observed in 7 patients( 23.3％ ) with average (69.0 ± 9.8 )％ in-stent restenosis degree.However,no additional in-stent restenosis was found at the twelfth month,two patients among the 7 with in-tent restenosis were suffered with artery occlusion in stent.Conclusion In-stent restenosis after Wingspan stenting in middle cerebral artery was more common during the first six months,and 85.7％ with ischemic stroke.It was worthy of paying attention to prevent in-stent restenosis at the first six months after stenting.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection changes transcriptional profiles and regulates. the factors and machinery of the host that facilitate viral replication. Our previous study suggested that the serine/threonine kinase citron kinase (citK) promotes HIV-1 egress. To ascertain if HIV-1 infection affects citK expression in primary cells, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were infected with vesicular stomatitis virus G protein (VSV-G)-pseudotyped HIV-1 vector NL4-3-luc viruses, which resulted in remarkably increased expression of citK. citK overexpression led to a more than two-fold increase in HIV-1 production, whereas a significant decrease was observed when citK was depleted in CD4+ T cells. Infection with HIV-1 pseudoviruses induced increases in the mRNA and protein levels of citK by 2. 5- and 2. 7-fold in HEK293T cells, respectively. By cloning the 5-kb promoter of citK into a luciferase reporter system and transfecting the construct into HEK293T cells, enhanced luciferase activity was observed during HIV-1 infection. Taken together, these data demonstrate that HIV-1 infection upregulates citK expression at the transcriptional level, and thereby renders the host more susceptible to invasion by HIV-1.
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; virology ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; HEK293 Cells ; HIV-1 ; physiology ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; genetics ; Up-Regulation ; Virus Replication

Objective The study aimed to explore the relationship between AIF related pathway and the inju-ring of cultured SGNs (spiral ganglion neurons)by glutamate toxicity,and to find AIF expression and distribution changes in SGNs.Methods SGNs of 40 newborn rats within 3 day were obtained and cultured in vitro.Cultured cells were divided into four groups:the normal control group,10 mM,20 mM and 40 mM glutamate injured group, separately.After 48 h hours culturing,optical microscopy,immune fluorescence staining and real-time fluores-cence quantitative PCR were used to observe the morphology,AIF distribution,and AIF,calpain,Caspase3 expres-sion changes in SGNs in vitro.TUNEL was used to verify the cell apoptosis.ResuIts Noticeable morphological chan-ges and cell apoptosis were occurred in 20 mM glutamate group,with AIF nuclear translocation.AIF gene expression was significantly higher than normal after glutamate administration (P<0.05);moreover,calpain gene expression increased(P<0.05);but caspase3 expression was not statistically significantly increased in all glutamate treated groups (P>0.05). ConcIusion In the process of cultured SGNs injured by glutamate,AIF participated in the cell apoptosis.Noticeable cell apoptosis were occurred in 20 mM glutamate group with AIF nuclear translocation.Calpain up-expression also contributed to excitatory neurotransmitter injury on SGNs,but Caspase 3 had no obvious effects.