No abstract available.
Hemorrhage ; Metoclopramide

No abstract available.
Blood Pressure* ; Metoclopramide* ; Rabbits*

No abstract available.
Antiemetics* ; Cisplatin* ; Dexamethasone* ; Humans ; Lorazepam* ; Metoclopramide* ; Ondansetron*

No abstract available.
Disorders of Excessive Somnolence ; Humans ; Metoclopramide ; Parkinsonian Disorders

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy, Combination* ; Metoclopramide* ; Ondansetron* ; Prospective Studies* ; Vomiting*

Methods: In a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, 144 ASA I-II patients, scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups. Group I received 2 ml of plain NSS, group II received lidocaine 40 mg, group III received thiopental 0.5mg/kg and group IV received metoclopramide 10 mg. All pretreatment drugs were made into 2 ml solutions and were given IV with manual venous occlusion of 1 minute. Propofol was administered after release of venous occlusion. pain was then assessed using a four-point scale and face pain scale during propofol injection. Results: 36 patients (100%) complained of pain in the control group compared with 20 (56%), 22 (61%) and 23 (64%) in the lidocaine, thiopental and metoclopramide groups, respectively (p<0.05). there was no significant difference among the 3 test solution with regards to severity of pain. Nor were there any noted complications 24 hours postoperatively on the injection site. Conclusion: Thiopental and metoclopramide are equally effective as lidocaine in reducing pain during propofol injection when used with manual venous occlusion.
Human ; LIDOCAINE ; THIOPENTAL ; METOCLOPRAMIDE ; PROPOFOL ; PAIN MANAGEMENT ; ANESTHESIA

PURPOSE: There have been few studies concerned with the hiccup patients who visit the emergency department. The purpose of this study is to investigate the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of hiccup patients. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 60 hiccup patients who visited the emergency departments of Chungbuk National University Hospitals, Chungnam National University Hospital and Chonnam National University Hospital in Korea from January 2005 to December 2007. We categorized the patients into 2 groups of the discharged and the admitted and also into groups of patients who had different types of treatments. We compared clinical outcomes and characteristics of the groups. RESULTS: A total of 60 cases of hiccup patients visited the emergency department from January 2005 to December 2007. There was a significant difference in the recovery rate from hiccups between the discharged group and the admission group (72.4% & 100.0%, p=0.04). The 3 major drugs used for treatment were metoclopramide, chlorpromazine, and benzodiazepine. The patients showed a broad spectrum for the final diagnosis, from the benign hiccups to ischemic stroke in the pons area. CONCLUSION: In this study, the hiccup patients who visited the ED showed simple temporal signs to various severe diseases such as the ischemic stroke in the pons. These findings can be useful reference for the decision making at admission or discharge and for predicting the prognosis of the hiccup patients who visit the emergency department.
Benzodiazepines ; Chlorpromazine ; Decision Making ; Emergencies ; Hiccup ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Korea ; Metoclopramide ; Pons ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stroke

BACKGROUND: Rocuronium has a high incidence of inducing pain by intravenous injection, and different methods have been used to minimize the incidence and severity of this pain. In this study, we have compared the effects of lidocaine and metoclopramide pretreatments on rocuronium injection pain. METHODS: Ninety healthy patients scheduled for general anesthesia were randomly divided into three groups; a saline group (n = 30), a lidocaine group (n = 30), and a metoclopramide group (n = 30). Each patient received 2 ml of pretreatment solution (normal saline, 2% lidocaine, or 0.5% metoclopramide) via an 18 G angiocatheter inserted in the antecubital fossa after applying an arm tourniquet inflated to 50 mmHg. The tourniquet was released 1 minute later, and this was followed by an intravenous injection of 0.6 mg/kg of rocuronium. General anesthesia then induced with thiopental sodium (5 mg/kg). The assessment of pain was made at the induction of anesthesia and in the recovery room, and the severity of pain was classified as none, mild, moderate, or severe by an observer. RESULTS: The severity and incidence of pain diminished significantly in the lidocaine and metoclopramide groups compared with the saline group at the induction of anesthesia (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed between the lidocaine and metoclopramide groups. Similar results were obtained in the recovery room; one patient in each of the saline and metoclopramide groups had no recall regarding injection pain. CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous metoclopramide pretreatment is as effective as intravenous lidocaine pretreatment for alleviating rocuronium injection pain.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Arm ; Humans ; Incidence ; Injections, Intravenous ; Lidocaine* ; Metoclopramide* ; Recovery Room ; Thiopental ; Tourniquets

BACKGROUND: Postoperative nausea and vomiting is one of the main problems after mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty. There is a growing interest in the use of nonpharmacologic and nonintravenous approaches to the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of stimulating the P6 acupoint and of the use of metoclopramide intranasal spray on the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty. METHODS: We studied 60 patients who received mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty for chronic ottitis media. No antiemetic agent or device was provided in the C group (n = 20). Acupressure on the P6 acupoint was applied after surgery in the P6 group (n = 20). In the M group (n = 20), metoclopramide was sprayed intranasally before extubation. Severity values of postoperative nausea and vomiting were assessed using 5 scales at different postoperative times. RESULTS: The severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting was significantly lower in the P6 group than in the C and M groups. There was no difference in the severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting between the C and M groups. At a postoperative 8 and 16 hr, there was a statiscally significant decrease of the severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting in the P6 group. CONCLUSIONS: Acupressure on the P6 acupoint reduced the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting after mastoidectiomy and tympanoplasty. This result suggests that acupressure at P6 may be a useful new nonpharmacologic approach to the reduction or prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty.
Acupressure ; Acupuncture Points ; Humans ; Incidence ; Metoclopramide ; Nausea ; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting* ; Tympanoplasty* ; Vomiting ; Weights and Measures

PURPOSE: Iodine contrast media used in computed tomography (CT) often induces nausea in patients. This study evaluated the prophylactic effect of metoclopramide against nausea induced by intravenous contrast media. METHODS: A prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial was performed in the emergency department of an urban teaching hospital. Adult patients(>15 years old), who required enhanced CT scans, were infused with 52 ml normal saline solution mixed with either 10 mg/2 ml metoclopramide or 2 ml normal saline over 10 minutes prior to the CT scan. After the scan, the patients were asked about nausea. Patients who had any other cause for their nausea or had received metoclopramide prior to the study were excluded. RESULTS: In total, 69 patients were analyzed. The metoclopramide group contained 37 patients, and the placebo group contained 32 patients. Five patients in the placebo group complained of nausea(15.6%), whereas none of the patients in the metoclopramide group experienced nausea (Fisher's exact test, p=0.018). CONCLUSION: Metoclopramide can prevent nausea induced by intravenous iodine contrast media.
Adult ; Antiemetics ; Contrast Media ; Emergencies ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Humans ; Iodine ; Metoclopramide ; Nausea ; Prospective Studies ; Sodium Chloride