1.Drug therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Chinese Journal of Hepatology 2005;13(2):139-139
2.Advances of the anti-tumor research of metformin.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica 2015;50(10):1210-1216
Metformin is the most commonly prescibed drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus as it is inexpensive, safe, and efficient in ameliorating hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. Numerous epidemiological studies indicate that diabetic population is not only at increased risk of cardiovascular complications, but also at substantially higher risk of many forms of malignancies. Meanwhile, epidemiological and clinical observation studies have shown that metformin use reduces risk of cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and improves prognosis and survival rate of the cancer patients. Furthermore, metformin has been used for cancer therapy in clinical trials. Thus, metformin is emerging as a new cancer therapy or adjuvant anticancer drugs. This review summarizes recent progress in studies of metformin use and its molecular mechanism.
Antineoplastic Agents
;
therapeutic use
;
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
;
Humans
;
Hyperglycemia
;
Metformin
;
therapeutic use
;
Neoplasms
;
drug therapy
3.Interaction between OCT1 and LPIN1 polymorphisms and response to pioglitazone-metformin tablets in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Haixia ZENG ; Yanting HUANG ; Dengke LIU ; Tianqin XIE ; Zheng CHEN ; Qiulan HUANG ; Xiaojun ZHOU ; Xiaoyang LAI ; Jianping LIU
Chinese Medical Journal 2023;136(14):1756-1758
5.What Is the Effect of Metformin Combined to Chemotherapy in Stage IV Colorectal Cancer with Diabetes?.
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology 2012;60(6):343-344
No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms/*mortality
;
Diabetes Mellitus/*drug therapy
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Hypoglycemic Agents/*therapeutic use
;
Male
;
Metformin/*therapeutic use
6.Short-term combined treatment with exenatide and metformin for overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Rui-Lin MA ; Yan DENG ; Yan-Fang WANG ; Shi-Yang ZHU ; Xue-Song DING ; Ai-Jun SUN
Chinese Medical Journal 2021;134(23):2882-2889
BACKGROUND:
Obesity and insulin resistance (IR) are common features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Metformin (MET) increases insulin sensitivity, but it is associated with unsatisfactory weight loss. The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist exenatide has been shown to reduce weight and IR in patients with diabetes. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects of exenatide once-weekly (QW) combined with MET on body weight, as well as metabolic and endocrinological parameters in overweight/obese women with PCOS.
METHODS:
Fifty overweight/obese women with PCOS diagnosed via the Rotterdam criteria were randomized to one of two treatment groups: MET (500 mg three times a day [TID]) or combination treatment (COM) (MET 500 mg TID, exenatide 2 mg QW) for 12 weeks. The primary outcomes were anthropometric changes associated with obesity, and the secondary outcomes included changes in reproductive hormone levels, glucose and lipid metabolism, and C-reactive protein.
RESULTS:
Forty (80%) patients completed the study. COM therapy was superior to MET monotherapy in reducing weight (P = 0.045), body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.041), and waist circumference (P = 0.023). Patients in the COM group on an average lost 3.8 ± 2.4 kg compared with 2.1 ± 3.0 kg in the MET group. In the COM group, BMI and waist circumference decreased by 1.4 ± 0.87 kg/m2 and 4.63 ± 4.42 cm compared with 0.77 ± 1.17 kg/m2 and 1.72 ± 3.07 cm in the MET group, respectively. Moreover, levels of fasting glucose, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 2-h glucose, and OGTT 2-h insulin were significantly lower with COM therapy than with MET (P < 0.050). Mild and moderate gastrointestinal reactions were the most common adverse events in both groups.
CONCLUSIONS:
COM therapy was more effective than MET alone in reducing body weight, BMI, and waist circumference, and improving insulin sensitivity in overweight/obese women with PCOS, with acceptable short-term side effects.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04029272. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04029272.
Exenatide/therapeutic use*
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Female
;
Humans
;
Metformin/therapeutic use*
;
Obesity/drug therapy*
;
Overweight
;
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/drug therapy*
9.Effects of metformin on fatty liver in insulin-resistant rats.
Shi-qing CHEN ; Qi LIU ; Hang SUN ; Lin TANG ; Jian-chuan DENG
Chinese Journal of Hepatology 2005;13(12):915-918
OBJECTIVESTo investigate the effects of metformin on fatty livers in insulin-resistant rats.
METHODSThirty-one male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal (n=8) and an experimental group (n=23). The normal group rats were fed a standard diet, and those of the experimental group with a high-fat diet. After 8 weeks, 7 rats from the experimental group were sacrificed to verify whether the model was established successfully. Then the experimental group was randomly subdivided into two groups: one with metformin treatment (n=8) and one without (n=8). After 6 weeks, insulin sensitivity was measured with glucose infusion rate (GIR) by euglycermic hyperinsulinemia clamp technique. Aminotransferase, triglyceride (TG) and free fatty acids (FFA) were measured by biochemical methods, insulin by radioimmunoassay and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) by ELISA. The steatosis changes and inflammation activity of all rat livers were scored histologically.
RESULTSCompared with the model group, the insulin resistance, liver index, visceral adiposity and weight loss of the metformin group were dramatically ameliorated. The steatosis and the inflammatory activity in the livers and the level of serum aminotransferase of the metformin group were also significantly decreased. Furthermore, metformin treatment lowered serum TG, liver lipid accumulation and the production of FFA and TNF alpha.
CONCLUSIONMetformin can significantly improved insulin resistance and fatty liver development in rats fed a high-fat diet. It may become a new choice for fatty liver treatment in the future.
Animals ; Fatty Liver ; drug therapy ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Metformin ; therapeutic use ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar
10.Chinese expert consensus on metformin in clinical practice: 2023 update.
Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine 2023;62(6):619-630
Metformin has robust glucose-lowering effects and multiple benefits beyond hypoglycemic effects. It can also be used in combination with various hypoglycemic drugs and is cost effective. In the absence of the strong indications of glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) or sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) for cardiorenal protection, metformin should be used as the first-line pharmacological treatment for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and the basic drug for the combined treatment of hypoglycemic drugs. Metformin does not increase the risk of liver and kidney function damage, but patients with renal dysfunction should adjust the dosage of metformin based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels. Moreover, the correct use of metformin does not increase the risk of lactic acidosis. Because long-term use of metformin is associated with a decrease in vitamin B12 levels, patients with insufficient intake or absorption of vitamin B12 should be regularly monitored and appropriately supplemented with vitamin B12. In view of the new progress made in the basic and clinical research related to metformin, the consensus updating expert group updated the consensus on the basis of the Expert Consensus on the Clinical Application of Metformin (2018 Edition).
Humans
;
Consensus
;
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications*
;
Hypoglycemic Agents
;
Metformin/therapeutic use*
;
Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/therapeutic use*
;
Vitamins/therapeutic use*
;
China
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