2.Fructose and metabolic diseases: too much to be good.
Ya-Nan SHI ; Ya-Jin LIU ; Zhifang XIE ; Weiping J ZHANG
Chinese Medical Journal 2021;134(11):1276-1285
Excessive consumption of fructose, the sweetest of all naturally occurring carbohydrates, has been linked to worldwide epidemics of metabolic diseases in humans, and it is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. We provide an overview about the features of fructose metabolism, as well as potential mechanisms by which excessive fructose intake is associated with the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases both in humans and rodents. To accomplish this aim, we focus on illuminating the cellular and molecular mechanisms of fructose metabolism as well as its signaling effects on metabolic and cardiovascular homeostasis in health and disease, highlighting the role of carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein in regulating fructose metabolism.
Fructose/adverse effects*
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Homeostasis
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Humans
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Metabolic Diseases/etiology*
4.The Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Coronary Heart Disease.
Rong YUAN ; Jie WANG ; Lili GUO
Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2016;31(4):247-253
Sleep deprivation (SD) has been associated with an increased morbidity and mortality of coronary heart disease (CHD). SD could induce autonomic nervous dysfunction, hypertension, arrhythmia, hormonal dysregulation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and metabolic disorder in CHD patients. This paper reviewed the study results of SD in clinical trials and animal experiments and concluded that SD was associated with cardiovascular risk factors, which aggravated CHD in pathogenesis and outcomes.
Autonomic Nervous System Diseases
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etiology
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Coronary Artery Disease
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etiology
;
Humans
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Hypertension
;
etiology
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Metabolic Diseases
;
etiology
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Oxidative Stress
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Sleep Deprivation
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complications
5.The relevance of the metabolic syndrome.
Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 2009;38(1):29-25
INTRODUCTIONTo review the definitions of the metabolic syndrome according to various expert groups and assess their relevance to clinical practice.
MATERIALS AND METHODSMedline searches were conducted to identify studies which addressed: (i) the utility of the metabolic syndrome compared to multivariable predictive functions for the identification of individuals at high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), (ii) the importance and definition of obesity in the definition of the metabolic syndrome and (iii) the impact of lifestyle and pharmacological interventions designed to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in those with and without the metabolic syndrome.
RESULTSAlthough inferior to multivariable risk scores in predicting T2DM and CVD, the metabolic syndrome represents a simple clinical tool, particularly for the prediction of T2DM. Obesity is not a critical component of the metabolic syndrome for identifying those at increased risk of CVD but may be important for predicting T2DM. If anything, pharmacological therapy, especially lipid lowering is as, if not more, effective in those with the metabolic syndrome than in those without.
CONCLUSIONSAlthough the metabolic syndrome appears to have limited utility for the identification of individuals at increased risk of T2DM or CVD, the diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome presents an opportunity to rationalise health services to deliver coordinated care to those with metabolic syndrome.
Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; etiology ; Humans ; Metabolic Syndrome ; complications ; diagnosis ; Obesity ; complications
7.Obesity rather than Metabolic Syndrome is a Risk Factor for Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Thyroid Autoimmunity.
Jin Yin YAO ; Peng LIU ; Wei ZHANG ; Ke Wei WANG ; Chun Peng LYU ; Zhi Wei ZHANG ; Xiang Lan CHEN ; Yi CHEN ; Xue Song WANG ; Yong Xia DING ; Li Jun MA ; Jing WANG ; Dian Jun SUN
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2021;34(10):819-823
8.Inborn errors of metabolism presenting as neonatal encephalopathy: practical tips for clinicians.
Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 2008;37(12 Suppl):94-93
Inborn errors of metabolism constitute an important cause of neurological disease in the neonatal period and can present clinically as encephalopathy. Although it is relatively rare, it is important to have a high index of suspicion. Appropriate investigations and a step-wise approach to diagnosis allow for early institution of treatment and can prevent significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this article is to give a brief outline of the various inborn errors of metabolism to consider in neonatal encephalopathy and to provide a framework for investigation and diagnosis.
Brain Diseases, Metabolic
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etiology
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Humans
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Infant, Newborn
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Metabolism, Inborn Errors
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complications
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diagnosis