Objective:To investigate the change of the detection rate of colorectal cancer (CRC), colorectal adenoma and advanced adenoma in adults under colonoscopy in Shihezi in the past ten years.Methods:Data of patients who completed colonoscopy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019 were investigated. The medical records were collected by consulting the electronic medical record system, including the age and sex of patients and the location, quantity, size and pathological type of lesions. The detection rates, including the overall detection rate in the past 10 years, those in the first 5 years (from 2010 to 2014) and the second 5 years (from 2015 to 2019) of colorectal adenomas, advanced colorectal adenomas and CRC, were studied.Results:A total of 50 645 cases were included, 14 931 cases were excluded by the exclusion criteria, and finally a total of 35 714 cases were included in the data analysis. The 10-year overall detection rates of colorectal adenoma, advanced colorectal adenoma and CRC were 17.65% (6 302/35 714), 4.45% (1 589/35 714) and 3.71% (1 324/35 714), respectively. The overall detection rates of colorectal adenoma and advanced colorectal adenoma in the second 5 years were higher respectively than those in the first 5 years [20.33% (4 565/22 457) VS 13.10% (1 737/13 257), 4.69% (1 053/22 457) VS 4.04% (536/13 257)]. The overall detection rate of CRC in the second 5 years [3.30% (741/22 457)] was lower than that in the first 5 years [4.40% (583/13 257)].Conclusion:Compared with 2010 to 2014, the detection rate of colorectal adenoma in Shihezi area in 2015 to 2019 increased significantly, the detection rate of advanced colorectal adenoma increased slightly, and the detection rate of CRC decreased slightly. Therefore, the detection and resection of colorectal adenoma by colonoscopy may be important in reducing the incidence of CRC.

AIM: To report three cases of viral keratitis caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).METHODS: Slit lamp, intraocular pressure, corneal fluorescence staining, anterior segment photography, in vivo confocal microscopy(IVCM), and routine fundus screening were performed in the three confirmed patients. Treatment involved Ganciclovir, artificial tears and glucocorticoid eye drops.RESULTS: Three patients with SARS-CoV-2 keratitis(SCK)recovered well after standard treatment.CONCLUSION: SARS-CoV-2 keratitis typically presents as corneal subepithelial infiltration and can result in a decrease in corneal subepithelial nerve fiber density and an increase in dendritic cells(DC). Antiviral therapy in combination with glucocorticoid has proven to be effective.

Objective : To investigate the protective effect of dimethyl fumarate(DMF) on maternal intrahepatic cholestasis(ICP) during pregnancy induced by di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate(DEHP) exposure and its mechanism. Methods : Thirty-two 8-week-old female institute of cancer research(ICR) mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: Ctrl group, DEHP group, DMF group and DEHP+DMF group. DEHP and DEHP+DMF groups were treated with DEHP(200 mg/kg) by gavage every morning at 9:00 a.m. DMF and DEHP+DMF groups were treated with DMF(150 mg/kg) from day 13 to day 16 of gestation by gavage. After completion of gavage on day 16 of pregnancy, maternal blood, maternal liver, placenta, and amniotic fluid were collected from pregnant mice after a six-hour abrosia. The body weight of the mother rats and the body weight of the fetus rats were sorted and analyzed; the levels of total bile acid(TBA), alkaline phosphatase(ALP), aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase(AST/ALT) in serum and TBA in liver, amniotic fluid and placenta were detected by biochemical analyzer; HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of liver tissue; Quantitative reverse transcription PCR(RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin(IL)-6, IL-1, IL-18 and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3(NLRP3) in the liver; Western blot was used to detect the expression of the nuclear factor KappaB(NF-κB) and NLRP3. Results : Compared with the control group, the body weight of the DEHP-treated dams and pups decreased(P<0.05); the levels of TBA, ALP, AST/ALT in the serum of dams and the levels of TBA in the liver, amniotic fluid, and placenta of dams increased(P<0.05); the histopathological results showed that liver tissue was damaged, bile ducts were deformed, and there was inflammatory cell infiltration around them; the levels of inflammation-related factors TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1, IL-18 and NLRP3 transcription in maternal liver increased(P<0.05); the expression of NF-κB and NLRP3 protein in maternal liver significantly increased( P<0. 05). Compared with the DEHP group,the body weight of both dams and fetuses significantly increased in DEHP + DMF group( P<0. 05); the levels of TBA,ALP,AST/ALT in the serum of dams and amniotic fluid of fetuses decreased( P<0. 05); the degree of liver lesions was improved; the transcription levels of inflammation-related factors TNF-α,IL-6,IL-1,IL-18 and NLRP3 in maternal liver decreased( P<0. 05); the expression of NF-κB and NLRP3 protein in maternal liver significantly decreased( P<0. 05). Conclusion DMF can effectively protect the DEHP exposure to lead to female ICP,and its mechanism may be through inhibiting the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway and reducing liver inflammation.