Objective:To explore the efficiency of MR psychoradiology examination in screening and classification of psychiatric disorders as well as its potential clinical application.Methods:Retrospective study was conducted for 144 patients with MR psychoradiology examination, who were diagnosed mental disorders based on International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems Tenth Revision (ICD-10) from September 2018 to July 2020 in West China Hospital of Sichuan University. As our previous studies, imaging diagnostic models were constructed based on gray matter volume (GMV) analysis for four kinds of psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. For 120 patients with psychiatric disorders, the GMV change pattern of brain regions was detected and subtyped by MR psychoradiology examination with 50% similarity threshold of the above imaging diagnostic models. The diagnostic efficiency of MR psychoradiology examination was evaluated with references of clinical diagnose. For 24 patients with dementia, brain atrophy was additionally measured by conventional MR examination and MR psychoradiology examination respectively.Results:The sensitivity, specificity, Youden index and accuracy of MR psychoradiology in identifying the four psychiatric disorders were 86.6% (84/97), 69.6% (16/23), 0.56 and 83.3% (100/120), including depression [77.8% (28/36), 69.0% (58/84), 0.47, 71.7% (86/120)], schizophrenia [58.8% (10/17), 91.3% (94/103), 0.50, 86.7% (104/120)], bipolar disorder [42.1% (8/19), 96.0% (97/101), 0.38, 87.5% (105/120)] and anxiety disorder [24.0% (6/25), 100% (95/95), 0.24, 84.2% (101/120)]. As for 24 patients with dementia, 58.3% (14/24) were detected with brain atrophy by conventional MR examination, while 91.7% (22/24) were detected by MR psychoradiology examination.Conclusions:MR psychoradiology can detect the subtle brain structural abnormalities of patients with mental disorders. Although it can′t be used as an independent biomarker for disease diagnosis till now, it is of great help in improving the accuracy and objectivity of diagnosis.

OBJECTIVE：To systematically evaluate the effects of phenytoin on 3 kinds of cardiovascular disease-related factors （Folic acid ，vitamin B 12 and homocysteine）in epilepsy patients ，and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment of epilepsy. METHODS ：Retrieved from PubMed ，Google scholar ，CJFD，VIP and Wanfang database ，observational studies about using phenytoin （trial group ） versus using no antiepileptics （control group ） on the levels of folic acid ，vitamin B 12 and homocysteine in serum were collected during Jan. 1991-Jan. 2019. After data extraction of included literatures ，quality evaluation with evaluation criteria for cross-sectional study （AHRQ）scale，Rev Man 5.3 and Stata 11 softwares were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS ：A total of 10 studies were included ，involving 745 patients. Meta-analysis showed that the folic acid level of trial group was significantly lower than control group [SMD ＝－0.90，95％CI（－1.18，－0.62），P＜0.001]；the level of homocysteine in trial group was significantly higher than control group [SMD ＝1.22，95％CI（0.73，1.71），P＜0.001]. There was no significant difference in the levels of vitamin B 12 between 2 groups [SMD ＝－ 0.19，95％ CI（－ 0.39，0.02），P＞0.05]. CONCLUSIONS：Phenytoin can reduce the level of folic acid and increase the level of homocysteine in epilepsy patients.

Alternative splicing (AS) is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that removes introns and ligates exons to generate mature messenger RNAs (mRNAs), extremely improving the richness of transcriptome and proteome. Both mammal hosts and pathogens require AS to maintain their life activities, and inherent physiological heterogeneity between mammals and pathogens makes them adopt different ways to perform AS. Mammals and fungi conduct a two-step transesterification reaction by spliceosomes to splice each individual mRNA (named cis -splicing). Parasites also use spliceosomes to splice, but this splicing can occur among different mRNAs (named trans -splicing). Bacteria and viruses directly hijack the host's splicing machinery to accomplish this process. Infection-related changes are reflected in the spliceosome behaviors and the characteristics of various splicing regulators (abundance, modification, distribution, movement speed, and conformation), which further radiate to alterations in the global splicing profiles. Genes with splicing changes are enriched in immune-, growth-, or metabolism-related pathways, highlighting approaches through which hosts crosstalk with pathogens. Based on these infection-specific regulators or AS events, several targeted agents have been developed to fight against pathogens. Here, we summarized recent findings in the field of infection-related splicing, including splicing mechanisms of pathogens and hosts, splicing regulation and aberrant AS events, as well as emerging targeted drugs. We aimed to systemically decode host-pathogen interactions from a perspective of splicing. We further discussed the current strategies of drug development, detection methods, analysis algorithms, and database construction, facilitating the annotation of infection-related splicing and the integration of AS with disease phenotype.
Animals ; Alternative Splicing/genetics* ; RNA Splicing ; Spliceosomes/metabolism* ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism* ; Communicable Diseases/genetics* ; Mammals/metabolism*

With the development of technology, the detection rate of ground-glass opacity (GGO) is rapidly increasing. GGO comprises of pure GGO and mixed GGO. Many researches have studied the characteristics of GGO, and they found that different malignant probability of GGO was associated with different image characteristics. It is obvious that there is a close relationship between the image characteristics of GGO and its prognosis. However, due to the various image characteristics of GGO, it is essential to assess the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients in a more comprehensive way. In this review, we summarize the correlation between the main GGO image features (solid proportion, size, mean CT value, shape characteristics) and the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients, to provide clinical reference for prognosis prediction and decision-making for patients with lung adenocarcinoma.