Objective To investigate the thyroid ultrastructural pathological changes of diabetes mellitus (DM) rats as well as the intervention effects of insulin and aminoguanidine. Methods Totally 87 rats were treated with streptozotocin to establish DM animal models and divided into DM group(n=27),insulin intervention group(n=32) and aminoguanidine intervention group(n=28),25 rats were taken as normal controls. Twelve and 20 weeks after the animal model establishment, animals were sacrificed, thyroid tissue was taken and ultrastructure was observed. Results In the thyroid of DM rats, follicular epithelial cells present as applanate shape, microvilli were depleted, rough endoplasmic reticulum dilated to irregular vesicular. None pinocytotic vacuole and casual primary or secondary lysosome were seen. Follicular cavity was dilated, colloid in the cavity had higher electronic-density. Interstitial edema, capillary base lamian was thickened at different stage. Proteo-substance deposition with granulo-shape, cloud shape or homogeneity appeared. The number of thyroid parafollicular cells increased. But endocrine granule in parafollicular cells was few. When compared with DM group, the thyroid tissue injury of insulin intervention group and aminoguanidine intervention group were lessened to different degree. Conclusion The hypofunctional thyroid follicular cells, large quantity of proteo-substance deposition in the interstitium and increased parafollicular cells of DM rats may be related with hyperglycemia toxicity. Insulin and aminoguanidine treatment have some protection effects.

Objective:To investigate the expression of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)in the thyroid tissue of diabetes mellitus (DM)rats.Methods:The rat model of DM was established by high-lipid diet and vena caudalis injection of streptozocin.The rats of DM models were then randomly divided into three groups:DM group(n=17),insulin intervention group(n=16)and aminoguanidine intervention group(n=16).Nine normal rats were taken as controls.Twelve weeks after the establishment of DM model,rats were sacrificed and the thyroid tissue was taken to determine RAGE mRNA and the protein expression with the method of RT-PCR and Western Blot.Results:The levels of RAGE mRNA and protein expression were higher in the thyroid tissue of DM rats than those in controls (P＜0.05).The levels of RAGE mRNA and protein expression were lower in the thyroid tissue of insulin intervention group and aminoguanidine intervention group than thor of DM group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:The levels of RAGE mRNA and protein expression were up-regulated in the thyroid tissue of DM rats,which can be restrained by controlling blood glucose and blocking the formation of advanced glycation end products.

Objective To evaluate the intervention effect of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) health education on primary students.Methods Using random cluster sampling,five towns were selected from five directions and a primary school was selected in every town in 2017.Health education was carried out to 1 505 students from grade 4 to grade 6.After 5 months intervention,the IDD awareness rate and the change in attitude were compared before and after the intervention.Results After the health education,IDD awareness rate and correct answer rate among students were all improved from 60.29％ (9 032/14 980),60.83％ (4 556/7 490) to 84.64％ (12 653/14 950),83.05％ (6 208/7 475),with statistically significant differences (x2 =2 221.33,915.01,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Health education and intervention is an effective measure to improve the knowledge level of the IDD prevention control among primary students in Cixi City.

BACKGROUND: Plasma epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation tests are less invasive than tissue EGFR mutation tests. We determined which of two kits is more efficient: cobas EGFR Mutation test v2 (cobasv2; Roche Molecular Systems, Pleasanton, CA, USA) or PANAMutyper-R-EGFR (Mutyper; Panagene, Daejeon, Korea). We also evaluated whether pleural effusion supernatant (PE-SUP) samples are assayable, similar to plasma samples, using these two kits. METHODS: We analyzed 156 plasma and PE-SUP samples (31 paired samples) from 116 individuals. We compared the kits in terms of accuracy, assessed genotype concordance (weighted κ with 95% confidence intervals), and calculated Spearman's rho between semi-quantitatively measured EGFR-mutant levels (SQIs) measured by each kit. We also compared sensitivity using 47 EGFR-mutant harboring samples divided into more-dilute and less-dilute samples (dilution ratio: ≥ or <1:1,000). RESULTS: cobasv2 tended to have higher accuracy than Mutyper (73% vs 69%, P=0.53), and PE-SUP samples had significantly higher accuracy than plasma samples (97% vs 55–71%) for both kits. Genotype concordance was 98% (κ=0.92, 0.88–0.96). SQIs showed strong positive correlations (P<0.0001). In less-dilute samples, accuracy and sensitivity did not differ significantly between kits. In more-dilute samples, cobasv2 tended to have higher sensitivity than Mutyper (43% vs 20%, P=0.07). CONCLUSIONS: The kits have similar performance in terms of EGFR mutation detection and semi-quantification in plasma and PE-SUP samples. cobasv2 tends to outperform Mutyper in detecting less-abundant EGFR-mutants. PE-SUP samples are assayable using either kit.
Epidermal Growth Factor ; Genotype ; Plasma ; Pleural Effusion ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor

Objective To understand the differences of brucellosis knowledge and prevention behavior before and after health education,and provide information for targeted health education of brucellosis.Methods Using a method of random cluster sampling,we did health education and behavioral intervention among professional people from January to June in 2016.Anonymous questionnaire was issued among professional people.Consulting knowledge about prevention and control of brucellosis questionnaire in Zhejiang Province to write our questionnaire,and questionnaire survey was conducted before and after the intervention.Results After the health education,the health knowledge rate,reasonable attitude rate and behavior related to brucellosis were all improved from 46.80％ (2 457/5 250),46.13％ (1 453/3 150),45.41％ (1 669/3 675) to 81.93％ (4 277/5 220),80.40％ (2 51813 132) and 67.43％ (2 464/3 654).The differences were statistically significandy before and after the intervention (x2 =902.17,132.11,198.78,P ＜ 0.01).The most popular ways to get knowledge among professional people were TV programme,lecture and handbook.Conclusion Health education is a effective measure in preventing brucellosis among professional people.

Objective:To explore our self-designed classification system of irreducible intertrochanteric fractures based on reduction stage and bone block position and to evaluate the reduction techniques guided by the classification system.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the data of 115 patients with irreducible intertrochanteric fracture who had been admitted to Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Hospital from September 2014 to November 2022. There were 24 males and 91 females with a mean age of (80.9±11.0) years. The reduction for the fractures was divided into a diaphysis reduction stage (Phase Ⅰ) and a cortical reduction stage (Phase Ⅱ). Based on the relative positions of the intraoperative bone blocks, Phase Ⅰ was divided into an anterior and posterior interlocking type (Phase Ⅰa) and a distal bone block sinking displacement type (Phase Ⅰb) while Phase Ⅱ into a proximal lifting type (Phase Ⅱa), a posterior angulation type (Phase Ⅱb), a positive support type (Phase Ⅱc), and a negative support type (Phase Ⅱd). Depending on the difficulties encountered in different reduction stages, corresponding close reduction strategies (such as top rod support, percutaneous prying, and Joystick technique) were adopted to restore the proximal femoral neck shaft angle, anteversion angle, anterior medial cortex, and length of the affected limb before fixation with intramedullary nails. Recorded were the patient's surgical time, intraoperative bleeding, quality of postoperative reduction, fracture union time, and complications.Results:The surgical time for this group of patients was 70.0(60.0, 92.0) minutes, and the intraoperative blood loss 200.0 (170.0, 200.0) mL. According to the standards by Baumgaertner et al., the quality of postoperative reduction was evaluated as excellent in 103 cases and as good in 12 cases, with an excellent and good rate of 100.0% (115/115). Of the 115 patients, 86 were followed up for more than 6 months to reveal fracture union in all after a duration of 6.0 (4.0, 8.0) months. One patient died of an acute cardiovascular event in the hospital 5 days after surgery. Two patients lost their mobility within 3 months after surgery due to acute cerebral infarction. There was no internal fixation failure requiring secondary surgery or no incision infection.Conclusion:Guided by our self-designed classification system of irreducible intertrochanteric fractures based on the intraoperative reduction stage and the relative position of bone block, real time intraoperative fluoroscopy images can be used to effectively clarify the difficulty of fracture reduction in stages so that corresponding reduction strategies can be adopted, leading to fine clinical efficacy.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of Xuesaitong soft capsule on the complement-inflammatory receptor system in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy. METHODS A total of 92 patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method ，with 46 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were given basic treatment programs （including low-salt and low-protein diet ，quitting smoking and alcohol ，appropriate exercise ， lowering blood pressure ，blood sugar and lipid ，etc.）. The patients in the observation group took Xuesaitong soft capsules orally on the basis of the treatment of the control group ，0.55 g each time ，3 times a day. The treatment course of both groups was 4 weeks. Compare the renal function of the two groups of patients [24 h urine protein quantification ，serum creatinine （Scr），blood urea nitrogen，glomerular filtration rate （GFR）]，fasting blood glucose ，glycosylated hemoglobin ，complement factors [C3，C5， complement factor H （CFH），C5b-9]，inflammatory factors [interleukin 1（IL-1），tumor necrosis factor α（TNF-α），IL-6，monocyte chemoattractant protein- 1（MCP-1）]，renal tubular injury markers [β2-microglobulin（β2-MG），retinol binding protein 4（RBP4）， neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin] levels；correlation between renal tubular damage and complement-inflammatory receptor system was analyzed in the observation group before and after treatment. RESULTS Compared with before treatment ，24 h urine protein quantity ，Scr，C3，IL-1，TNF-α，MCP-1，β2-MG and RBP 4 of 2 groups were reduced significantly after treatment ，while GFR and CFH were significantly increased ；except for C 3，the observation group was significantly better than the control group （P＜ 0.05）. C 5 of the observation group was significantly decreased after treatment and was significantly lower than the control group （P＜0.05）. There were no statistically significant 60979837。E-mail：shanght126@126.com differences in other indicators of the two groups before and after treatment and between groups （P＞0.05）. C 3，MCP-1 and TNF-α were significantly correlated with renal tubular com damage （P＜0.05），and esp ecially C 3. CONCLUSIONS Xuesaitong soft capsule can reduce renal tubular damage in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy and improve renal function by acting on the complement system and reducing inflammation.

Objective To investigate the clinical application of three-dimensional intracavitary/free-hand interstitial brachytherapy technique in radical radiotherapy for cervical cancer. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on the clinical data of patients with cervical cancer who underwent radical radiotherapy using CT-guided three-dimensional intracavitary/free-hand interstitial brachytherapy technique in The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from April 2019 to September 2021. The short-term efficacy and adverse reactions were analyzed, and the independent predictors affecting short-term efficacy were evaluated by logistic risk regression model. Results A total of 182 patients were included, and all patients successfully completed the treatment. Clinical efficacy assessment performed 3 months after treatment revealed an overall response rate of 90.65%; the incidence of grade 3 and 4 adverse reactions in the lower gastrointestinal tract was 4.4% during treatment. After reclassifying stage IIIC patients according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2009 staging system and including factors affecting the stage, it was found that the tumor volume before brachytherapy was the main factor affecting the clinical efficacy of patients at this stage (P = 0.004). Conclusion As a key method in radical radiotherapy for cervical cancer, three-dimensional intracavitary/free-hand interstitial brachytherapy technique is safe and effective and can be quickly popularized in primary hospitals beyond regional cancer centers for cervical cancer brachytherapy.

The emergence of regular short repetitive palindromic sequence clusters (CRISPR) and CRISPR- associated proteins 9 (Cas9) gene editing technology has greatly promoted the wide application of genetically modified pigs. Efficient single guide RNA (sgRNA) is the key to the success of gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. For large animals with a long reproductive cycle, such as pigs, it is necessary to screen out efficient sgRNA
Animals ; CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics* ; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/genetics* ; Gene Editing ; RNA, Guide/genetics* ; Swine

Modulating Tankyrases (TNKS), interactions with USP25 to promote TNKS degradation, rather than inhibiting their enzymatic activities, is emerging as an alternative/specific approach to inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Here, we identified UAT-B, a novel neoantimycin analog isolated from Streptomyces conglobatus, as a small-molecule inhibitor of TNKS-USP25 protein-protein interaction (PPI) to overcome multi-drug resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). The disruption of TNKS-USP25 complex formation by UAT-B led to a significant decrease in TNKS levels, triggering cell apoptosis through modulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Importantly, UAT-B successfully inhibited the CRC cells growth that harbored high TNKS levels, as demonstrated in various in vitro and in vivo studies utilizing cell line-based and patient-derived xenografts, as well as APC^min/+ spontaneous CRC models. Collectively, these findings suggest that targeting the TNKS-USP25 PPI using a small-molecule inhibitor represents a compelling therapeutic strategy for CRC treatment, and UAT-B emerges as a promising candidate for further preclinical and clinical investigations.