Difference between transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation in theory, safety, detection of brain function and clinic treatment were reviewed in order to help reasonably select and effectively apply them in clinic.

The study aims at cloning the CDS fragment of erk2 gene cDNA in Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goat and analyzing its tissue-specific expression, erk2 gene cDNA was cloned by RT-PCR. The nucleotide sequence was analyzed by Blast and amino acid sequence was analyzed by online softwares SMART and Psite. The tissue-specific expression pattern of erk2 was analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. The expression of erk2 in testis of goat was detected by Immunohistochemistry. The cloned erk2 gene cDNA (GenBank Accession No. JX569765) was 1 083 bp in length, including a complete ORF encoding 360 amino acids residues. The amino acid sequence shares 100% identity with the Bos Taurus ERK2 (Bos Taurus BC133588.1). Analysis by SMART suggests that the encoded protein contained a "TEY" structure and an S-TKc domain possessing serine/threonine kinase catalytic activity. Analysis with Psite indicates one cAMP-/cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site, 3 protein kinase C phosphorylation sites, 5 casein kinase II phosphorylation sites, 2 protein kinases ATP-binding region signatures and one serine/threonine protein kinases active-site signature in this protein. Analysis by Psort (k-NN prediction) suggestes that this protein most probably is localized in cytoplasm. The results of quantitative RT-PCR show that the expression of erk2 mRNA was higher in heart, skin and breast, whereas lower in spleen and kidney. ERK2 protein was detected in testis by immunohistochemistry.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; China ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; Goats ; genetics ; Male ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Testis ; metabolism

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Bazhen decoction on bone marrow depression induced by cyclophosphamide (CY) in mice. An experimental model of mouse bone marrow injury was established through cyclophosphamide induced and the following phenomena were observed. The techniques of culture of hematopoietic progenitor cell and hematopoietic growth factor assay were used. Bazhen decoction could obviously promote the proliferation of bone marrow cells of anaemic mice. The culture media of spleen cell, macrophage, lung and skeletal muscle treated with Bazhen decoction had much stronger stimulating effects on hematopoietic cells. The bone marrow cells of the anaemic mice could yield TNF through Bazhen decoction treatment. It was suggested that Bazhen decoction is clinically a hopeful drug used to cure bone marrow depression and attenuate the side effects of CY.
Anemia ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Animals ; Cyclophosphamide ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Hematopoiesis ; drug effects ; Hematopoietic System ; drug effects ; Mice ; Phytotherapy ; Tumor Necrosis Factors ; biosynthesis

Objective To screen mutations in genes including ASXL1, TET2, IDH1, IDH2, SETBP1, MPL515, JAK2 exon 12 and JAK2V617 in 135 polycythemia vera (PV) patients. To assess progreasson and genomics characteristics post polycythemic myelofibrosis. Methods DNA sequencing of ASXL1(Exon12),TET2 (Exons 3-11),IDH1(Exon4),IDH2(Ex-on4),SEPBP1(Exon4),JAK2 exon 12 and MPL515 (Exon 10) genes were carried out using Sanger method. JAK2V617 muta-tion was detected by allele-specific PCR in patients with PV. In the mean time, the mutation load of JAK2V617F allele (V617F%) was evaluated by real-time PCR using Tagman MGB probe. Then, the significant of gene mutations and clinical outcomes of post-PV Myelofibrosis(PPMF)was analyzed. To study risk factors of PPMF, logistic regression were employed. Results ASXL1, TET2, IDH1, IDH2 were mutated in 7.69%(8/104), 5.26%(1/19) , 0.08%(1/120) and 0.08%(1/121) of all PV patient respectively. JAK2 was mutated in 82.22%(111/135) of PV patients with mutation rate of exon12 of 2.96%(4/135) and there were no mutation of MPL515 and SETBP1 in PV patients. ASXL1 mutation was found in 31.82%(7/22) PPMF patients. Spearman analysis showed that ASXL1 is correlated with JAK2V617F (V617F%) (rs=0.298,P=0.002). The hemo-globin was lower in patients with ASXL1 mutation than patient without mutation (wild type). Leukocyte count, V617F%>50%rate, thrombosis and PPMF were higher in patients with ASXL1 mutation than that of ASXL1 wild type(P＜0.05). ASXL1 mu-tation, V617F%>50% rate and splenomegaly were all risk factors of PPMF. Conclusion ASXL1 mutation is the risk-fac-tor of PPMF and may promote V617F%by some mechanism.

Objective To analyze the characteristic of Yunnan unexpected sudden death (YUSD) cases by pathological diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC),in order to offer clue for ARVC etiologic research of YUSD.Methods The pathological diagnosis results of 9 cases of sudden death of ARVC in Yunnan,as well as epidemiological investigation data,were used to comprehensively analyze the pathological features of the pathological diagnosis of ARVC in Yunnan.Results The 9 cases including 8 females and 1 male,aged 16-47 years.The sudden death time was from June to August,mainly distributed in 8 families from the disease seriously ridden 7 villages.Three of them had a genetic history of family YUSD,2 cases had a history of mental stimulation,1 case had eaten Trogia venenata;and acute symptoms and signs were palpitation,chest tightness,shortness of breath,and loss of consciousness.Pathological observations were the typical ARVC change,mainly right ventricular lesions,with different degrees of cardiac enlargement and extensive adipose tissue infiltration in the ventricular wall.Among them,6 cases of fat infiltration almost reached the full thickness of the heart wall.In addition to the pathological changes of ARVC,8 cases were accompanied by one or several pathological changes in myocarditis,cardiac dysplasia,nephropathy,pulmonary edema,pneumonia and pancreatitis.Of the 9 cases,5 cases were diagnosed with ARVC,2 cases with ARVC and pulmonary edema,1 case with ARVC and acute hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis,and 1 case with ARVC and Trogia venenata poisoning.The clinical examination abnormalities of the family members of the cases mainly showed arrhythmogenic electrocardiography changes and abnormal myocardial enzymes.Conclusions The nine cases have showed typical epidemiology characteristics of YUSD,and cardiachistological changes are consistent with the ARVC pathological diagnostic criteria.A part of YUSD cases may be caused by ARVC,and the inference will be proved by cadaveric pathologic examination and related pathogenic gene detection.

Objective:To understand the electrocardiogram and echocardiography examination results of population in key areas of unexplained sudden death in Yunnan Province (referred to as Yunnan sudden death).Methods:From 2014 to 2022, electrocardiogram examination was performed on population (including same incident cases, relatives of the cases, villagers of the affected villages, and control individuals) in key areas of Yunnan sudden death from May to October each year. Echocardiography examination was performed on relatives of the cases and villagers of the affected villages, and the types of electrocardiogram and echocardiography changes were sorted out and analyzed.Results:Electrocardiogram examination was conducted on 1 same incident case, 241 relatives of the cases, 464 villagers of the affected villages, and 99 control individuals, respectively. The types of electrocardiogram changes in the same incident case were Q-T interval prolongation and sinus tachycardia. A total of 17 types of electrocardiogram changes were detected in the relatives of the cases, mainly including sinus arrhythmia (12.45%, 30/241), sinus bradycardia (11.20%, 27/241), and left axis deviation (8.30%, 20/241). A total of 21 types of electrocardiogram changes were detected in the villagers of the affected villages, mainly including left axis deviation (9.48%, 44/464), sinus bradycardia (8.19%, 38/464), and T-wave abnormalities (7.76%, 36/464). A total of 10 types of electrocardiogram changes were detected in the control individuals, mainly including sinus arrhythmia (12.12%, 12/99), T-wave abnormalities (9.09%, 9/99), and sinus bradycardia (7.07%, 7/99). Echocardiography examination was conducted on 49 relatives of the cases and 365 villagers of the affected villages, respectively. A total of 12 types of echocardiography changes were detected in the relatives of the cases, mainly including tricuspid regurgitation (18.37%, 9/49), decreased right ventricular diastolic function (8.16%, 4/49), aortic regurgitation (6.12%, 3/49), and atrial septal defect (6.12%, 3/49). A total of 15 types of echocardiography changes were detected in the villagers of the affected villages, mainly including tricuspid regurgitation (8.77%, 32/365), aortic regurgitation (6.85%, 25/365), and decreased left ventricular diastolic function (6.58%, 24/365).Conclusion:There are many types of changes in electrocardiogram and echocardiography in the population of key areas of Yunnan sudden death.

Objective:To explore the effect of the combined effect of noise and heat on occupational hearing loss of workers by using Meta-analysis method.Methods:In August 2020, the Chinese and English literature on the relationship between exposure to noise and heat and occupational hearing loss published from January 2005 to August 2020 by CNKI, China Biomedical Literature Service System, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP Official Database, Medline and PubMed Databases were searched, using noise, heat or hyperthermia, hearing as keywords. The selected data were analyzed by Stata 12.0 software, and the combined OR (95% CI) value included in the literature was calculated. Sensitivity analysis was used to explore the source of heterogeneity and analyze publication bias. Results:A total of 14 literatures (14 in Chinese, 0 in English) were included in the analysis, and 38654 subjects were included, including 6411 workers in the noise and heat combined effect group and 32243 workers in the noise alone group. The probability of hearing loss in the noise and heat combined effect group was 1.39 times higher than that in the noise alone group (95% CI: 1.14-1.69). The effect size OR was stable after sensitivity analysis, and there was no publication bias in the included literatures tested by Egger's and Begg's Method ( z=0.38, P=0.702, t=-0.74, P=0.476) . Conclusion:Simultaneous exposure to noise and heat may increase the risk of hearing loss for workers in noisy workplaces.

Objective:To explore the effect of the combined effect of noise and heat on occupational hearing loss of workers by using Meta-analysis method.Methods:In August 2020, the Chinese and English literature on the relationship between exposure to noise and heat and occupational hearing loss published from January 2005 to August 2020 by CNKI, China Biomedical Literature Service System, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP Official Database, Medline and PubMed Databases were searched, using noise, heat or hyperthermia, hearing as keywords. The selected data were analyzed by Stata 12.0 software, and the combined OR (95% CI) value included in the literature was calculated. Sensitivity analysis was used to explore the source of heterogeneity and analyze publication bias. Results:A total of 14 literatures (14 in Chinese, 0 in English) were included in the analysis, and 38654 subjects were included, including 6411 workers in the noise and heat combined effect group and 32243 workers in the noise alone group. The probability of hearing loss in the noise and heat combined effect group was 1.39 times higher than that in the noise alone group (95% CI: 1.14-1.69). The effect size OR was stable after sensitivity analysis, and there was no publication bias in the included literatures tested by Egger's and Begg's Method ( z=0.38, P=0.702, t=-0.74, P=0.476) . Conclusion:Simultaneous exposure to noise and heat may increase the risk of hearing loss for workers in noisy workplaces.

Frailty, which predicts high dependency and mortality, is a major challenge for healthcare systems in nations that are rapidly aging and is receiving increasing attention. Cirrhosis is often combined with frailty, which has a significant impact on patient health outcomes. Understanding the risk factors for frailty, elucidating the mechanism of cirrhosis combined with frailty, and early recognition and slowing down the occurrence and development of frailty are of great significance for the prognosis of cirrhotic patients. This article reviews the current research status of cirrhosis combined with frailty, including the definition and risk factors, mechanism, correlation, and intervention measures, in order to improve understanding and provide assistance for strengthening early identification, management, and intervention.

Objective This study aims to analyze the factors influencing benefit finding among cervical cancer patients and their spouses,as well as the interconnections between these factors.The goal is to provide a foundation for developing targeted clinical interventions.Methods Using the convenience sampling method,cervical cancer patients and spouses of 245 pairs who attended or were hospitalized in a tertiary-level hospital in Taiyuan City from October 2022 to July 2023 were selected as study subjects.Data were collected using a general information questionnaire,the Distress Disclosure Index,the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale,and the Benefit Finding Scale.Univariate analysis,Pearson correlation analysis,and multiple linear regression were employed to scrutinize the data,leading to the establishment of Actor-Partner Interdependence Model.Results Benefit finding scores for cervical cancer patients and their spouses were(65.31±7.94)and(69.87±9.63),respectively.Multiple linear regression revealed that the educational level of patients and their spouses,whether or not they received chemotherapy or radiotherapy,self-disclosure and psychological resilience were the factors that affected patients'benefit finding.Spouse's education level,occupation,self-disclosure,psychological resilience and patients'self-disclosure and psychological resilience were the influencing factors of spouse's benefit finding.The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model analysis indicated that the self-disclosure and psychological resilience of cervical cancer patients positively predicted their own benefit finding and that of their spouses(path coefficients were 0.415,0.501,0.216,and 0.168,respectively,all P＜0.05).However,spouses'self-disclosure and psychological resilience could only positively predict their own benefit finding(path coefficients were 0.188 and 0.254,respectively,all P＜0.05).Conclusion Benefit finding among cervical cancer patients and their spouses is moderate and influenced by various factors.Both self-disclosure and psychological resilience of cervical cancer patients and their spouses have positive subjective effects on their own benefit finding.Healthcare professionals should encourage both parties to engage in healthy interactions about the disease,take steps to increase the level of psychological resilience of both,and ultimately tap into a higher level of benefit finding.