Affiliated Hospital. Second Military Medical College. ShanghaiForty-two cases of chronic subdural hematoma were treated by irrigation and drainage. Symptoms of elevated intracranial -pressure, localizing neurologic signs and cerebral angiography established the diagnosis. Operative treatment consisted of evacuation of the hematoma by repeated irrigation through burr holes made on the frontal and parietal side of the hematoma. A plastic tube was placed through the parietal hole for continuous drainage for three to four days. The above mentioned treatment is simple to perform and rather safe even for the senile and debilitated patients. Among 44 patients all 19 preoperatively unconscious patients regained consciousness postoperatively. Twenty-three cases were followed up from one to seventeen years. All patients recovered completely without recurrence of hema-toma or epilepsy, except one patient who is still having hemiparesis at present.

Objective: To explore the changes of the graph theory metrics and the functional connectivity (FC) of adolescent depression with attempted suicide. Methods: Resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data of 33 patients of adolescent depression with attempted suicide (attempted suicide group), 40 patients of adolescent depression without attempted suicide (no suicide group) and 52 normal adolescents (NC group) were collected, and a binary network was constructed. The brain regions changed in the graph theory attribute were selected as the seeds, and FC between seed and all the other voxels within the whole brain was computed and compared among groups. Results: There were small world attributes in all subjects. Compared with NC group, the degree of centrality significantly decreased in adolescent depression patients (P<0.01), and there were negative correlations between the decreased degree of centrality and Hamilton Depression Scale scores (r=-0.31, P<0.01). Compared with NC group, FC of the somatomotor networks and the salience network decreased in adolescent depression patients, while FC of the attention network in attempted suicide group increased than in no suicide group (all TFCE correction, P<0.05). Conclusion: Decrease of visual network information transmission ability in patients of adolescent depression is related to the severity of depression. The abnormal attention space ability caused by the attention network lesions may be the pathological mechanism of suicidal attempt in patients of adolescent depression.

The study aims at cloning the CDS fragment of erk2 gene cDNA in Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goat and analyzing its tissue-specific expression, erk2 gene cDNA was cloned by RT-PCR. The nucleotide sequence was analyzed by Blast and amino acid sequence was analyzed by online softwares SMART and Psite. The tissue-specific expression pattern of erk2 was analyzed by quantitative RT-PCR. The expression of erk2 in testis of goat was detected by Immunohistochemistry. The cloned erk2 gene cDNA (GenBank Accession No. JX569765) was 1 083 bp in length, including a complete ORF encoding 360 amino acids residues. The amino acid sequence shares 100% identity with the Bos Taurus ERK2 (Bos Taurus BC133588.1). Analysis by SMART suggests that the encoded protein contained a "TEY" structure and an S-TKc domain possessing serine/threonine kinase catalytic activity. Analysis with Psite indicates one cAMP-/cGMP-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation site, 3 protein kinase C phosphorylation sites, 5 casein kinase II phosphorylation sites, 2 protein kinases ATP-binding region signatures and one serine/threonine protein kinases active-site signature in this protein. Analysis by Psort (k-NN prediction) suggestes that this protein most probably is localized in cytoplasm. The results of quantitative RT-PCR show that the expression of erk2 mRNA was higher in heart, skin and breast, whereas lower in spleen and kidney. ERK2 protein was detected in testis by immunohistochemistry.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; China ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; Goats ; genetics ; Male ; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Testis ; metabolism

Objective To determine whether macrophages can behave as antigen presenting cells participating the formation of immunological synapse in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and whether this process can affect the apoptosis. Moreover, this study was aimed to observe the function of cyclophilin A (CypA) in immunological synapse formation and its role in regulating the apoptosis of macrophages. Methods human acute monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) induced macrophages were coated with staphylococcal enterotoxin B(SEB) (100 ng/ml) and co-cultured with activated Jurkat T cells (human acute T-cell leukemia cell line), then incubated in the RPMI-1640 for 16 hours to induce apoptosis. The apoptosis of the macrophages were analyzed by flow cytometry by Annexin V-PI staining. The macrophages cultured in the RPMI-1640 alone were used as control. Meanwhile, CypA (200 ng/ml) were added to or not added in order to observe the apoptosis of macrophages. The function of CypA and the apoptosis of macrophages isolated from RA peripheral blood were also investigated through co-culture with CD4+T cells isolated by immunomagnetic beads. Comparisons between groups were performed by two-sample t-tests. Results In the peripheral blood of healthy people and RA patients, the apoptosis of macrophages which participated immunological synapse was (32.9±2.8)%, (24.7±1.6)%, (14.5±1.2)% respectively, which was significantly lower than the apoptosis of macrophages cultured alone [ respectively for (61.4±2.4)%, (45.5±2.6)%, (22.9±1.5)%, (P<0.05) ]. After CypA was added, the apoptosis of macrophages in cell lines, healthy people and RA patients decreased to (27.2±2.1)%, (20.1±1.1)%, (12.9±1.0)%, lower than the apoptosis of macrophages which participated immunological synapse formation (P<0.05). Conclusion In RA, the macrophages participate in the formation of immunological synapse by interacting with CD4+ T cells. They can significantly reduce the apoptosis on themselves. CypA can enhance this effect. These results provide a new theoretical foundation for prolonged survival of macrophages in RA, which can secrete a variety of cytokines to enhance inflammation and joint destruction.

Objective To study the profiles and function of small RNA (sRNA)gene during chondrogenesis in rats so as to clarify the mechanisms of chondrocytes proliferation and differentiation.Methods All the sRNAs were identified from the female SD rats femoral head cartilages at three time points:at birth,ablactation and maturation,and three sRNA libraries were constructed.The Solexa sequencing and the bioinformatics analysis were employed to be blasted with the genomes of SD rats.Results The perfect match reads in the three libraries were screened out,which were correspondent to the 21 7 921 (41.23%),1 96 650 (38.74%)and 245 436 (41.54%)unique sRNA sequence,respectively.The percentages of 20-24 nt sRNA were 71.94% (d0),72.85% (d21),and 86.39%(d42).Half of clean sequences were 22 nt sRNA.The distribution characteristics of the reads were in line with the high-quality sRNA.More than 62% clean reads were from mature miRNA while the ratios in the three libraries were only 0.69%,0.78% and 0.63%.About 60% of the unique sRNA could not be matched with miRBase20.0 or Rfam9.1.Conclusion The distribution model of miRNA in the three libraries indicates that the miRNAs with different functions or from different sources are involved in the regulation of chondrocytes proliferation and differentiation in bone development and formation.

Objective To estimate prenatal diagnoses strategy with abnormal results of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) based on a case of mosaic for trisomy 22.Methods The pregnanct woman was recruited from Department of Prenatal Diagnosis Center of Xinhua Hospital.Ultrasound scans suggested fetal nuchal translucency was 3.5 mm.Peripheral venous blood was drawn from the pregnant woman for NIPT at 12+2 weeks gestation.For further prenatal diagnosis, amniocentesis was conducted at 16+2 weeks gestation, and karyotype analysis combination with chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) was executed to analysis amniocytes.Results NIPT results suggested that chromosome 21, 18 and 13 were normal and supplementary reports suggested that chromosome 22 were slightly above the normal range.Karyotype analyzed 35 cultured cells.Each of them revealed a normal female karyotype.However, CMA results suggested that chromosome 22 gain mosaic and its copy number was 2.26.The fetus was diagnosed as high possibility of mosaic for trisomy 22.Conclusions Combined with the NIPT results, which was slightly gain mosaic of chromosome 22, a prenatal diagnosis strategy were proposed.When NIPT results suggest chromosomal abnormities, karyotype analysis combination with CMA to diagnose were recommended.

Objective To explore the high risk factors of different degrees of premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and to provide theoretical basises for the clinical prevention of BPD.Methods The clinical datas of 64 cases patients with BPD who were diagnosed and hospitalized in Neonatology Department of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from June in 2009 to March in 2016 were retrospective analyzed,from several aspects to analyze the BPD's high risk factors,such as the mother's factors,the perinatal factors,treatments after birth and complications.Results There were 27 moderate and mild cases,19 moderate cases and 18 severe cases in children who were diagnosed BPD;different degrees of BPD patients in gender,5 minute's apgar score,the repeated application of PS,long time of mechanical ventilation,high concentration of oxygen inhalation,neonatal pneumonia,blood transfusion and neonatal anemia's differences were significant in the severity of BPD difference (P =0.003,0.033,0.006,0.002,0.001,0.000,0.001,0.001,0.036,0.004).Conclusion Strengthen resuscitation in delivery room,shorten the mechanical ventilation time and reduce the high concentration oxygen inhalation,prevent and reduce the infection after delivery,reduce latrogenic blood loss and the number of blood transfusion are important measures to alleviate the severity of BPD.

Objective To investigate the expression of DNA methyltransferase 3b (DNMT3B) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its effect and mechanism on the proliferation,invasion and migration of HCC cells.Methods The expression of DNMT3B gene was detected by qRT-PCR in 46 cases of HCC tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues;the results and clinical pathological parameters were analyzed.SiRNA targeting DNMT3B was transfected into MHCC97-H cells by RNA interference (RNAi) technique.The mRNA and protein expression levels of related genes were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot.The cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay,and the invasion and migration abilities were measured by Transwell assay.Results In 46 HCC patients,the expression of DNMT3B (73.91％) was significantly higher in HCC than in adjacent normal tissue.The high expression of DNMT3B gene was associated with histological type and tumor size of HCC (all P＜0.05).Inhibition of DNMT3B gene expression decreased proliferation,invasion and migration of MHCC97-H cells.Interference with DNMT3B gene increased the expressions of tumor suppressor genes RASSFA1,APC and MTSS1 at mRNA and protein levels.Conclusion DNMT3B is associated with the progression of HCC.It may inhibit the proliferation,invasion and migration of HCC cells by regulating the methylation of downstream tumor suppressor gene.

Objective:To investigate the difference of accuracy between magnetic induction Freehand-3D ultrasound and two-dimensional ultrasound in measuring the volume of thyroid model.Methods:Forty thyroid models were established using porcine liver, and the Archimedes procedure was set as gold standard in the measurement of the volume of each model. The accuracy of measurement of the porcine thyroid model volume between two-dimensional ultrasound and magnetic induction Freehand-3D ultrasound were compared.Results:There were no significant differences in the accuracy of measurements of thyroid model volume among two-dimensional ultrasound, magnetic induction Freehand-3D ultrasound and Archimedes procedure (all P>0.05). Compared with the Archimedes procedure, magnetic induction Freehand-3D ultrasonic method showed higher correlation coefficient of the measurement of thyroid model volume ( r=0.998). Bland-Altman analysis showed the lower measure error with a relative error of 3.42% and range of -9.57% to 12.07%. And the limits of agreement were (-1.253, 0.999) in the magnetic induction Freehand-3D ultrasonic measurement. Conclusions:Compared with two-dimensional ultrasound, the magnetic induction Freehand-3D ultrasound show higher accuracy in the measurement of the volume of the thyroid model.