Objective To induce iron overload in the liver of rats by iron dextran,observe the effect and mechanism of Xiaoyao Powder on liver cell iron death,and explore the role and position of Xiaoyao Powder's liver soothing,blood nourishing,and spleen strengthening effects in the entire formula through the analysis of various functional formulas.Methods A rat liver iron death model in-duced by chronic iron overload was established by intraperitoneal injection of iron dextran for 7 consecutive weeks.After three weeks of modeling,drug intervention was initiated,using Xiaoyaosan Quanfang,Xiaoyaosan Qushugan Yao,Xiaoyaosan Jianpi Yao,and Xi-aoyaosan Quxueyuan Yao respectively.In addition,deferoxamine was used as a positive control drug.Detect the content of reduced gluta-thione(GSH),malondialdehyde(MDA),ferrous ions,and lipid peroxidation ROS.RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of BMP6/HJV/SMAD4 and downstream hepcidin ferroportin axis genes or proteins in rat liver tissue.Results The liver Fe2+,MDA and ROS contents of the model group rats were significantly increased compared to the control group,while the GSH content was sig-nificantly decreased.The mRNA expression of glutathione peroxidase 4(Gpx4)and membrane iron transporter(Fpn1)was significantly decreased,while the mRNA expression of prostaglandin peroxidase 2(Ptgs2)and hemodulin,as well as BMP6,HJV,and SMAD4 pro-teins,were significantly increased.Compared with the model group,the entire formula of Xiaoyaosan,as well as the various functional de-coctions and positive control groups,can significantly reverse the above indicators.Compared with the whole formula of Xiaoyaosan,the efficacy of Xiaoyaosan in each disassembled formula group was significantly reduced in reversing the above indicators(except for the Xi-aoyaosan spleen tonifying drug,which had no significant difference in SMAD4 protein expression compared to the whole formula group).Conclusion Xiaoyaosan can inhibit iron-induced liver ferroptosis in rats,which may be related to the regulation of the BMP6/HJV/SMAD4 pathway and its downstream hepcidin ferroportin axis.All functional components of Xiaoyaosan have played a role in inhibiting liv-er cell ferroptosis.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of abnormal urinary albumin/creatinine ratio(UACR) in obese population.Methods:Baseline data from 2011 to 2012 in Henan Sub-center of"Risk Evaluation of cAncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals: A lONgitudinal(REACTION) study"were utilized and those of body mass index≥28 kg/m 2 were screened. The patients were divided into UACR normal group and UACR abnormal group(101 pairs) upon being matched on a 1∶1 basis by age and gender. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve, and restricted cubic spline(RCS)analysis were performed to explore the risk factors for abnormal UACR. Results:Compared with the normal UACR group, the UACR abnormal group had a higher number of alcohol consumers, a higher prevalence of hypertension, elevated systolic blood pressure, and triglyceride(all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that alcohol consumption( P=0.008), systolic blood pressure( P<0.001), triglyceride( P=0.049), and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance(HOMA-IR, P=0.033) were independent risk factors for abnormal UACR in obese people. The ROC curve analysis indicated that systolic blood pressure had the strongest diagnostic performance as a single factor(ROC curve area=0.801), and there was no significant difference in diagnostic performance compared to multiple factors combination. RCS analysis results showed that the probability of abnormal UACR increased monotonically with the increase of systolic blood pressure when the systolic blood pressure was between 130 and 158 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa). When systolic blood pressure was not in the interval, the probability of abnormal UACR did not change significantly. The results of regression analysis of triglyceride subgroup showed that when triglyceride level was greater than or equal to 5.6 mmol/L, the risk of abnormal UACR level was significantly increased( P=0.029). Conclusion:Systolic blood pressure, triglyceride, HOMA-IR, and alcohol drinking history are independent risk factors for abnormal UACR in obese people. When systolic blood pressure is≥130 mmHg or triglyceride is≥5.6 mmol/L, the risk of abnormal UACR is significantly increased.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effect of modified Qilang prescription on the treatment of drug-dependent constipation of Qi-Yin deficiency type. MethodIn a randomized double-blind clinical trial， 160 patients with drug-dependent constipation were randomly divided into two groups， namely， the treatment group （80 cases） and the control group （80 cases）. The treatment group was treated with modified Qilang prescription and lactulose oral liquid simulator， while the control group was treated with lactulose oral liquid and the simulator of modified Qilang prescription. The course of treatment of both groups was 8 weeks. The scores of main syndromes of constipation， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndromes， patient assessment of constipation symptom （PAC-SYM） scale， and patient assessment of constipation quality of life （PAC-QOL） scale before and after treatment were recorded. The patients were followed up at the 2^nd and 4^th week after drug withdrawal. ResultAfter treatment， the full analysis set （FAS） analysis showed that the total effective rate was 91.14% （72/79） in the treatment group and 73.33% （55/75） in the control group. The treatment group had a higher total effective rate than the control group （Z=-6.62， P<0.01）. The per-protocol set （PPS） analysis showed that the total effective rate was 93.51% （72/77） in the treatment group and 76.39% （55/72） in the control group. The treatment group had a higher total effective rate than the control group （Z=-6.77， P<0.05）. After treatment， the FAS and PPS analysis showed that the main syndrome scores of constipation were lower in both groups than those before treatment （P<0.05）. Except the syndromes of falling， overexertion defecation， and distension， the scores of other syndromes in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The scores of TCM primary syndromes in the two groups were lower than those before treatment （P<0.05）， and the scores of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group （P<0.05）. The scores of TCM secondary syndromes in the treatment group were significantly lower than those before treatment （P<0.05）. The syndrome scores of abdominal distension， fatigue， and lack of sleep in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）. The scores of PAC-SYM scale were improved in both groups after treatment （P<0.05）， and the treatment group was superior to the control group in improving fecal syndromes and abdominal syndromes. The scores of PAC-QOL scale were improved in both groups after treatment， and the treatment group was superior to the control group in improving patients’ physiological function， social psychology， anxiety， and satisfaction. After drug withdrawal， the recurrence rate was lower in the treatment group at the 2^nd（χ² =5.65，P<0.05） and 4^th week （χ² =12.37，P<0.01）. Conclusionmodified Qilang prescription is effective in the treatment of drug-dependent constipation， and its clinical effect is better than that of lactulose oral liquid. The curative effect of modified Qilang prescription is stable and lasting without obvious adverse reactions.