Objective To investigate any potential and independent demographic and serologic risk factors contributing to bone destruction in patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) . Methods A total of 445 patients with RA were recruited in this study. Three autoantibodies including rheumatoid factor ( RF) , anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody ( anti-CCP antibody) and anti-citrullinated alpha-enolase peptide 1 antibody ( anti-CEP-1 antibody) were quantified by using specific ELISA kits. The hand radiographs of all subjects were graded by using the modified Sharp/van der Heijde score ( Sharp score) . The potential and in-dependent risk factors were assessed by using univariate linear regression analyses and the stepwise multiple regression analysis, respectively. Results Based upon the univariate regression analyses, 7 covariates were identified as the potential risk factors for bone destruction in patients with RA, which were female (β=0. 100, P=0. 035), longer disease duration (β=0. 498, P=3. 26×10-29), RF (β=0. 096, P=0. 042), younger age at onset (β=-0. 312, P=1. 60 × 10-11 ), anti-CCP antibody positive (β=0. 202, P=1.74×10-5), anti-CEP-1 antibody positive (β=0.148, P=0.017) and positive for either anti-CCP or anti-CEP-1 antibodies (β=0. 157, P=1. 42×10-3). However, smoking (β=-0. 121, P=0. 018) were identi-fied as the potential protective factors. The multiple regression analysis indicated that the longer disease du-ration (P=2. 24×10-15) and anti-CCP antibody positive (P=0. 012) were independent risk factors for bone destruction. Conclusion Female, longer disease duration, younger age at onset, RF, anti-CCP and anti-CEP-1antibodies are potential risk factors for bone damage in patients with RA. Moreover, longer disease du-ration and anti-CCP antibody are two independent risk factors contributing to bone destruction in RA.

Osteosarcoma ( OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents. Currently, the combination of surgical resection and chemotherapy is the main method of treatment for OS in the clinic.Al-though, the survival rate has been greatly improved in OS patients with localized disease, the 5-year survival rate has re-mained <20%.It is very important to understand the cause of disease, to develop novel drugs or therapeutics, and to learn the disease through animal models.This review will introduce the progress of animal models of osteosarcoma over the last years.

Nail unit tumors are a group of rare tumors only occurring in the nail unit, including onychopapilloma, onychomatricoma, onychocytic matricoma, onycholemmal carcinoma, and so on. These tumors have specific clinical manifestations and pathological features due to their special anatomical locations. This review focuses on clinical manifestations, histopathological characteristics and treatment of the above tumors.

Objective: To analyze the prevalence and changing trend of overweight and obesity among high school seniors in Beijing from 2009 to 2018, and to provide scientific basis for health and education departments to work out effective measures to prevent and control overweight and obesity among adolescents. Methods: The physical examination data of 700 588 high school seniors in Beijing from 2009 to 2018 were selected to describe the distribution characteristics of the detection rate of overweight and obesity, and to analyze whether there are differences in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among different genders and regions. Results: From 2009 to 2018, the prevalence rate of total overweight and obesity of high school seniors in Beijing showed an increasing trend by year ( χ 2=3.58, P <0.01). After 2016, the rising trend was more stable, and it declined for the first time in 2018. The prevalence of overweight ( χ 2=6 681.34, P <0.01) and obesity ( χ 2=15 663.08, P <0.01) were higher in male than in female. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban students was higher than that in suburban students (29.55%,27.95%; χ 2=211.43, P < 0.01 ), the prevalence of obesity in urban students was higher than that in suburban students from 2009 to 2013, and the prevalence of obesity in suburban students was higher than that in urban students from 2014 to 2018. The districts and counties with the highest detection rates of overweight and obesity are Shijingshan District (overweight: 19.06%, obesity: 13.99%), and the districts and counties with the lowest detection rates of overweight and obesity are Yanqing District (overweight: 13.48%, obesity: 7.18%). Conclusion From 2009 to 2018, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among high school seniors in Beijing has been increasing by year, and tends to be stable after 2016. Significant upward trend in obesity prevalence in suburban areas of Beijing has been observed.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of left ventricular rotation and twist in patients with essential hypertension (EH) of different left ventricular configurations by 3-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (3D-STE). METHODS: A total of 106 EH patients were divided into 4 groups: a left ventricular normal configuration (LVN) group (n=30), a concentric remodeling (CCR) group (n=31), a concentric hypertrophy (CCH) group (n=29), an eccentric hypertrophy (ECH) group (n=16), and a control group of 30 healthy subjects. The parameters of LVEF, peak basal rotation (Prot-B), peak apical rotation (Prot-A), left ventricular peak apical rotation (LV-rot), and left ventricular peak apical twist (LV-tw) were compared. RESULTS: The left ventricular mass index in the EH groups, which kept increasing, was higher than that in the normal control group (P<0.05). Compared with the normal control group, LVN and ECH group, the left ventricular posterior wall thickness, interventricular septum at end-diastole, and relative wall thickness significantly increased in the CCH and CCR group (P<0.05). LVEF showed no significant difference among the normal control, LVN, CCR and CCH group (P>0.05), but LVEF was lower in the ECH group than in other groups (P<0.05). Compared with the normal control group, Prot-B, Prot-A, LVrot and LVtw were significantly higher in the LVN, CCR and CCH group (P<0.05), but decreased in the ECH group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION 3D-STE can evaluate the left ventricular rotation and twist in EH patients with different configurations, and reflect changes in the left ventricular systolic function in EH of different configurations.
Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Female ; Heart Ventricles ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Hypertension ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Ventricular Remodeling ; physiology

Objective To explore the value of serum IgA,serum C3 and IgA/C3 ratio in the diagnosis and clinical monitoring of IgA nephropathy,which provide new insight for the alternatives of renal biopsy. Methods In the first affiliated hospital of Dalian Medical University,60 patients with IgAN,60 patients with non-IgAN and 40 healthy people were detected by blood biochemical indexes and immune indexes,such as the Urea,serum IgA and serum C3,IgA/C3 ratio. According to the healthy condition and Lee grading,we divided all the 160 patients into different groups. By comparing the blood biochemical indexes and immune indexes among these different groups,we investigated the relationship between the serum IgA/C3 ratio and the IgAN.Results Firstly,the level of serum IgA and IgA/C3 were obviously different among the patients with IgAN,patients with non-IgAN and healthy people(P<0.01).Secondly,the serum IgA and IgA/C3 have high specificity and sensitivity when distin-guishing between IgAN and non IgAN. Thirdly,the level of serum IgA and IgA/C3 have significant deference be-tween the patients with Lee Ⅰ-Ⅱ grading and the patients with Lee Ⅲ-Ⅴ grading,while the level of C3 is very similar between different groups in all the three situations mentioned above. Conclusion Our research provides stronge evidence demonstrates that the level of serum IgA/C3 ratio have close relationship with IgAN and they can serve as the reference index when diagnosising and grading IgAN.

Objective To explore the relationship of quality of life with optimisms and sense of coherence in adult kidney transplant recipients. Method A total of 295 kidney transplant recipients participated in the study by a self-designed general questionnaire, revised life orientation test (LOT-R), sense of coherence (SOC-13) and the MOS 36-item short form health survey (MOS SF-36). Results The mean score of mental health scale (PCS) was 47.02±7.30, which differed with different age, employment status and transplant vintage (P ＜0.01). The mean score of phyical health scale (MCS) was 46.87 ±11.14, which differed with education, economic burden and transplant vintage (P ＜0.05). PCS and MCS were positively correlated with the total score of sense of coherence (52.05％) and optimism (23.45％) (P＜0.001). Optimism played a partially mediating role in the relationship between sense of coherence and quality of life. Conclusions The quality of life of kidney transplant recipients needs to be improved, which was at a low level.Optimism (medium to high level) and sense of coherence (medium to low level) are influencing factors of the quality of life. Improving accessment of mental state of patients with kidney transplant receients, paying more atentent and support to their mental change can improve their optimism and sense of coheherce and then life quiality.

To report a case of onychocytic carcinoma in China. A 76-year-old female patient presented with a subnail mass on her left thumb for 3 years. Skin examination showed thickening of the left thumb plate whose surface was partially yellow and black in color, slight curving of the distal plate, obvious telangiectasia under the nail plate, and verrucous hyperplasia under the nail plate and at the lateral edge of the nail plate. Histopathological examination showed that the tumor grew and infiltrated downward in clumps, with obvious keratosis and necrosis in the center of the mass, and many "squamous vortex" structures, atypical cells, and pathological mitotic figures could be seen. Immunohistochemical study revealed that HK31 and HK85 were positively expressed in the squamous vortex region, K6/K16 was positively expressed in the basal part of the tumor, and HK75 was strongly expressed in the whole tumor region. The diagnosis of onychocytic carcinoma was confirmed. The patient received surgical excision combined with 3 sessions of photodynamic therapy, and no recurrence was observed during 18 months of follow-up.

Radiotherapy is the prior treatment for uveal melanoma,but a major problem confronted most of the patients is radiation retinopathy,which accompanied with severe visual loss and secondary enucleation potential.There is no optium choice and normative strategy so far,the intraocular melanoma society has focused on application of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs injection and glucocorticoids.This article reviews a series of potential managements for radiation retinopathy and its further stage.

Objective: To translate the English version of the Pressure Ulcer Risk Primary or Secondary Evaluation Tool (PURPOSE T) into Chinese and evaluate its reliability and validity. Methods: Firstly, PURPOSE T was translated and revised, cross-cultural debugging, and then 213 inpatients from Jiangsu University Affiliated Hospital from November 2017 to May 2018 were selected for investigation. Choosing the total item content validity index (S-CVI/Ave) and the content validity of the item level content validity index (I-CVI) to evaluate content validity, using the Chinese version of the Braden scale as the criterion to measure the validity-related validity of the Chinese version of PURPOSE T. The internal consistency reliability Cronbach α coefficient, the assessor reliability, and the test-retest reliability measure the reliability. Results: The Chinese version of PURPOSET S-CVI was 0.967; I-CVI was 0.6-1.0, The coefficients between PURPOSET and Braden scale in mobility, activity ability, perception status, nutritional status and humidity were 0.600, 0.661, 0.699, 0.519, and 0.783. The PURPOSET and Braden scales had a correlation coefficient of 0.407 in predicting the risk of pressure injury. The Cronbach α=0.859 of the evaluation tool, the assessor reliability were 0.87 and the correlation coefficient of the 2 measurements of the test-retest reliability were 0.91. Conclusions The Chinese version of PURPOSET has good reliability and validity and can be used as a risk assessment tool for pressure injury in hospitalized patients in China.