[Objective]To investigate the effects of effective parts of wild chrysanthemum(CYM.E)on potassium oxonate complex hypoxanthine-induced hyperuricemia in mice and high purine diet-induced hyperuricemia in rats and to evaluate the safety of CYM.E.[Methods](1)Drug safety experiments:Mice were divided into control group,allopurinol group(15 mg/kg),benzbromarone group(7.5 mg/kg),and CYM.E low,medium and high dose groups(30,60 and 90 mg/kg),and were administered by gavage for 2 weeks to evaluate the safety of CYM.E administration.(2)Experiments on hyperuricemia mice caused by hypoxanthine compounded with potassium oxonate:Mice were divided into control group,model group,allopurinol group(15 mg/kg),benzbromarone group(7.5 mg/kg),and CYM.E low,medium,and high dose groups(30,60 and 90 mg/kg),and administered by gavage for 1 week,and the serum levels of uric acid(UA),creatinine(CR),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)were detected.(3)Experiments on hyperuricemia rats caused by a high-purine diet:The rats were divided into control group,model group,allopurinol group(10 mg/kg),benzbromarone group(5 mg/kg),and CYM.E low,medium,and high dose groups(15,30 and 60 mg/kg),and were administered by gavage for 5 weeks,and the serum levels of UA,CR,BUN,ALT and AST were detected in each group.[Results]CYM.E did not affect serum UA levels and liver and kidney function indices in normal mice in drug safety experiments.The experiments of potassium oxonate combined with hypoxanthine in hyperuricemic mice indicated the medium and high doses of CYM.E could significantly reduce the serum UA level of hyperuricemic mice(P<0.05,P<0.01).The experiment of rats with hyperuricemia caused by high-purine diet showed,after 3 weeks of administration,the high dose of CYM.E could significantly reduce serum UA level(P<0.01);after 5 weeks of administration,the medium and high doses of CYM.E could significantly reduce the serum UA level(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the high dose of CYM.E could significantly reduce the serum CR and BUN levels(P<0.01,P<0.05),and the medium dose could significantly reduce the serum AST level(P<0.05).[Conclusion]CYM.E did not affect the UA level of normal mice,and no related liver and kidney injury was seen;and after reaching a certain dose,it had a better uric acid-lowering effect on both models of hyperuricemia,and had a certain protective effect on liver and kidney functions.

There are many kinds of medical facial protective equipment with different functions. However, due to the lack of recognition of the hazards of facial occupational exposure, an incomplete understanding of the functions and effects of protective equipment and a lack of awareness, the proportion of staff that wear protective equipment in the Department of Stomatology is low. In this paper, the harmful and protective effects of face occupational exposure of dental staff were reviewed. A literature review showed that with the increasing prevalence of infection with AIDS, hepatitis B, hepatitis C and multidrug resistant bacteria in recent years, the occupational infection rate of medical staff in the Department of Stomatology has increased. The noise generated during oral treatment and the light from photosensitive curing lamps and treatment or surgical lasers can also cause occupational damage to hearing and vision. Face protection measures lack comprehensive functioning, and there is a lack of products that can be easily worn, indicating that the functions of face protection products need to be improved and strengthened. To minimize occupational infection and injury, we should not only improve the existing protective equipment but also improve personal protection awareness through advertising and education and comprehensively explore effective measures to improve occupational safety to ultimately achieve safe and high-quality medical services.

OBJECTIVE: To study the role of Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in cypermethrin-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis of cerebral cortex neurons in C57BL/6 mice. METHODS: The cortical neurons of C57BL/6 mice were cultured and identified, and a cypermethrin-induced cell injury model was established by treating the cells with 0, 25, 50 and 100 μmol/L of cypermethrin for 48 h. CCK-8 assay was used to analyze the effects of cypermethrin on the cell viability, and the fluorescence probe DCFH-DA was used for detecting intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS); flow cytometry was performed for determining the apoptosis rate of the cells. The mRNA and protein expression levels of Nrf2 and its downstream genes HO-1 and NQO1 were detected using qPCR and Western blotting. RESULTS: Exposure to cypermethrin at different doses inhibited the viability of the cultured cortical neurons. With the increase of cypermethrin dose, the viability of the neurons decreased progressively, the intracellular ROS and the cell apoptosis rate increased, and the neuronal injury worsened. At the dose of 50 and 100 μmol/L, cypermethrin significantly down-regulated the expressions of HO-1, NQO1 and Nrf2 at both the mRNA and protein levels in the cells ( < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Cypermethrin exposure shows a dose-dependent neurotoxicity by inhibiting Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, down-regulating the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream genes HO-1, NQO1 mRNA and protein, and inducing oxidative damage and apoptosis in primary mouse cortical neurons, .
Animals ; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases ; Cerebral Cortex ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; Neurons ; Pyrethrins ; Signal Transduction

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Yunkang oral liquid on postpartum kidney deficiency in mice. MethodPostpartum mice were randomized into model and low-dose （6 mL·kg^-1）， medium-dose （9 mL·kg^-1）， and high-dose （12 mL·kg^-1） Yunkang oral liquid groups. The mouse model of postpartum kidney deficiency was established by sleep deprivation combined with forced swimming. Another 9 female ICR mice were selected as the normal control group. The mice were administrated with Yunkang oral liquid during the period of modeling. The levels of estradiol （E₂）， progesterone （P）， follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）， and luteinizing hormone （LH） in the serum were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The morphological changes of ovaries and uterus were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， and the expression of transforming growth factor （TGF）-β and Smad2/3 was determined by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. ResultThe mice in the model group showed prolonged estrous cycle， reduced voluntary activity， dorsal temperature， grip strength， and bone strength， and whitening tongue coating. Compared with the model group， Yunkang oral liquid shortened the estrous cycle， increased the voluntary activity， dorsal temperature， grip strength， and bone strength， and alleviated the whitening of tongue coating. Moreover， it elevated the E₂ and P levels and lowered the FSH and LH levels in the serum， decreased ovarian follicular atresia rate， promoted uterine repair， and down-regulated the expression of TGF-β and Smad2/3 in the ovarian and uterine tissues. ConclusionYunkang oral liquid can ameliorate postpartum kidney deficiency in mice by regulating the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway.