Objective: To investigate condom use and associated factors among HIV/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Fuyang District, Hangzhou City, so as to provide insights into instructing the correct use of condoms and controlling the spread of HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: A face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted to collect demographic information, sexual behaviors during recent 6 months and condom use of HIV/AIDS patients receiving ART in Fuyang District from May to December, 2022. Descriptive analysis was employed on the proportion of participants who insisted on using condoms at each sexual contact, and a multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify factors affecting condom use at each sexual contact. Results: Totally 111 HIV/AIDS patients who received ART and had sexual contacts during recent 6 months were investigated, with a median age of 43.00 (interquartile range, 19.00) years. There were 82 males (73.87%), 63 married cases (56.76%), 52 cases with homosexual behaviors (46.85%), 110 cases insisting on using condom after ART (99.10%), 101 cases insisting on using condoms at each sexual contact (90.99%). Among 93 patients being aware of HIV infection status of all sexual partners, 93.55% of the patients insisted on using condoms at each sexual contact. Among 105 patients without sexually transmitted diseases (STD) diagnosis and treatment, 94.29% of the patients insisted on using condoms at each sexual contact. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified aware of HIV infection status of sexual partners (OR=0.046, 95%CI: 0.004-0.560), no STD diagnosis and treatment (OR=0.060, 95%CI: 0.004-0.890) as promoting factors for condom use at each sexual contact among HIV/AIDS patients receiving ART. Conclusions There is a high proportion of condom use at each sexual contact among HIV/AIDS patients receiving ART in Fuyang District. Patients who are aware of sexual partners' HIV infection and have not received STD diagnosis and treatment are more likely to insist on using condoms at each sexual contact.

In September 2020, three pulmonary tuberculosis cases were identified during school physical examinations at a senior high school in a district (School B) of Hangzhou City. Immediate epidemiological surveys were performed by local district and Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and a pulmonary tuberculosis outbreak involving 9 cases in 6 schools were identified. All cases were once Grade 9 students in Class of 2019 at a junior high school (School A), and the source of infection might be a laboratory-confirmed cases (index case) in this class reported in April, 2019. Following exposure to index case, other cases developed disease onset or were screened after entering senior high schools. In November, 2020, tuberculin skin test and chest X-ray scan were performed to screen pulmonary tuberculosis among 43 students and teachers in a class of Grade 9 in Class of 2019 at School A, and 17 students strongly positive for tuberculin skin test were given prophylactic therapy. No pulmonary tuberculosis case were identified until June 2021. It is suggested that early epidemiological surveys facilitates the identification of the epidemiological correlation between cases. Active search for individuals with common exposure history and prophylactic therapy are required if a possible outbreak is found, which is helpful to avoid the spread of the outbreak.

Podocyte infolding glomerulopathy (PIG) is a pathologic type of podocyte glomerulopathy reported recently. The characteristic is that the ultrastructure related to podocytes, such as microspheres and microtubules, are folded into the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) under electron microscope. At present, there are few reports about this disease at home and abroad, and most of them are concentrated in Japan. The clinical characteristics and pathogenesis of PIG are still unclear. In this paper, we report a case of clinical manifestations of nephrotic syndrome, renal biopsy indicated PIG, after the treatment of glucocorticoid, hydroxychloroquine and tacrolimus, the patient's clinical symptoms were relieved and urinary protein decreased.

Objective Explore changes in polysaccharides in Jiangxiangru before and after ginger juice preparation,and evaluate polysaccharide anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities before and after processing.Methods The contents of Jiangxiangru polysaccharide(JXRPs)and Ginger juice processed of Jiangxiangru polysaccharide(JZJXRPs)before and after processing were determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method.We used the swelling model in rats and endotoxin(LPS)to establish the RAW264.7 mouse macrophage inflammation model.The optimal administration concentration was determined using a cell proliferation(MTT)assay.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)were used to measure Interleukin-6(IL-6),Interleukin-12(IL-12),Nitric oxide(NO),Interleukin-4(IL-4),and Interleukin-10(IL-10).Bleeding time of mice by tail cutting was observed to evaluate the hemostatic effect.The ability to remove 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical(DPPH)and 2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate)(ABTS)was used to evaluate in vitro antioxidant activity.Results The contents of JXRPs and JZJXRPs were 13％and 22％,respectively.In swollen rats at 4 h after injection,compared with the model group,200 mg/kg JXRPs and 100 mg/kg JZJXRPs significantly reduced rat swelling(P＜0.05).In vitro anti-inflammation assessment showed that the polysaccharides before and after processing significantly inhibited secretion of IL-6,IL-12,and NO(P＜0.01)and promoted secretion of IL-4 and IL-10(P＜0.01),and also that processing post-effects were stronger.The hemostatic experiment show that,compared with the control group,JXRPs increased hemostasis,but without a significant difference,and no significant difference was found using JZJXRPs,although high doses showed a trend to increase hemostasis.In vitro antioxidant activity showed that JXRPs and JZJXRPs had different scavenging abilities for DPPH and ABTS with IC50 values of JXRPs of 0.2215 and 0.2110 mg/ml,respectively,and IC50 values of JZJXRPs of 0.1651 and 0.1884 mg/mL,respectively.Conclusions After Jiangxiangru is produced in ginger juice,it promotes dissolution of polysaccharides and increases polysaccharide content.Anti-inflammatory,hemostasis,and antioxidant capacities are stronger in JZJXRPS than JXRPS,which lays the foundation for follow-up research and clinical applications of JXRPS.

Objective:To develop the Suicide Outcomes Scale for Undergraduates with Suicidal Ideation(SO-SUSI)and test its validity and reliability.Methods:Based on semi-structured interview,literature review and expert discussion,main aspects and indicator system were defined.The initial version of SOSUSI was formed,and items were either modified from existing scales targeting the relevant constructs,or compiled according to previous inter-view results.A total of 607 undergraduates with suicidal ideation were enrolled.The sample was randomly divided in half,one half(n=317)was used for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis,and another half(n=290)for confirmatory factor analysis.All data were used for reliability analysis.The Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)and Suicidal Intent(SI)were used for criterion validity.Results:The SOSUSI included 39 items in 4 dimensions(nega-tive reinforcement of suicide,negative consequences of suicide,loss of suicide,and positive reinforcement of sui-cide)which explained 50.10％of the total variance.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the four-factor struc-ture model fitted well(x2/df=3.27,CFI=0.92,TLI=0.91,IFI=0.92,SRMR=0.09).The scores of negative re-inforcement and positive reinforcement of suicide were positively correlated with the SDS and SI scores(ICC=0.15-0.33,Ps＜0.05),while the scores of negative consequences and loss of suicide were negatively correlated with the SI scores(ICC=-0.42--0.56,Ps＜0.05).The Cronbach's α coefficients of each dimension ranged from 0.79 to 0.91.Conclusion:The Suicide Outcomes Scale for Undergraduates with Suicidal Ideation(SOSUSI)has good validity and internal consistency reliability.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic basis for fetus with bilateral lateral ventriculomegaly. METHODS: Fetus umbilical cord blood and peripheral blood samples of its parents were collected. The fetus was subjected to chromosomal karyotyping, whilst the fetus and its parents were subjected to array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). The candidate copy number variation (CNV) were verified by qPCR, Application goldeneye DNA identification system was used to confirm the parental relationship. RESULTS: The fetus was found to have a normal karyotype. aCGH analysis indicated that it has carried a 1.16 Mb deletion at 17p13.3, which partially overlapped with the critical region of Miller-Dieker syndrome (MDS), in addition with a 1.33 Mb deletion at 17p12 region, which is associated with hereditary stress-susceptible peripheral neuropathy (HNPP). Its mother was also found to harbor the 1.33 Mb deletion at 17p12. qPCR analysis confirmed that the expression levels of genes from the 17p13.3 and 17p12 regions were about the half of that in the normal control, as well as the maternal peripheral blood sample. Parental relationship was confirmed between the fetus and its parents. Following genetic counseling, the parents has chosen to continue with the pregnancy. CONCLUSION The fetus was diagnosed with Miller-Dieker syndrome due to the de novo deletion at 17p13.3. Ventriculomegaly may be an important indicator for prenatal ultrasonography in fetuses with MDS.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Classical Lissencephalies and Subcortical Band Heterotopias ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; DNA Copy Number Variations ; Fetus ; Hydrocephalus ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Chromosome Deletion

OBJECTIVE: To explore the genetic etiology of two patients with developmental delay and intellectual disability. METHODS: Two children who were respectively admitted to Henan Provincial People's Hospital on August 29, 2021 and August 5, 2019 were selected as the study subjects. Clinical data were collected, and array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) was carried out on the children and their parents for the detection of chromosomal microduplication/microdeletions. RESULTS: Patient 1 was a 2-year-and-10-month female and patient 2 was a 3-year-old female. Both children had featured developmental delay, intellectual disability, and abnormal findings on cranial MRI. aCGH revealed that patient 1 has harbored arr[hg19] 6q14.2q15(84621837_90815662)×1, a 6.19 Mb deletion at 6q14.2q15, which encompassed ZNF292, the pathogenic gene for Autosomal dominant intellectual developmental disorder 64. Patient 2 has harbored arr[hg19] 22q13.31q13.33(46294326_51178264)×1, a 4.88 Mb deletion at 22q13.31q13.33 encompassing the SHANK3 gene, haploinsufficiency of which can lead to Phelan-McDermid syndrome. Both deletions were classified as pathogenic CNVs based on the guidelines of American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and were not found in their parents. CONCLUSION The 6q14.2q15 deletion and 22q13-31q13.33 deletion probably underlay the developmental delay and intellectual disability in the two children, respectively. Haploinsufficiency of the ZNF292 gene may account for the key clinical features of the 6q14.2q15 deletion.
Humans ; Child ; Female ; Child, Preschool ; Intellectual Disability/genetics* ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; Chromosome Disorders/genetics* ; Chromosome Deletion ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 ; Developmental Disabilities/genetics* ; Carrier Proteins/genetics* ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics*

Objective To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with malignant tumors combined with new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19), and to provide a scientific basis for clinical treatment. Methods SPSS 20.0 was used for data analysis. The t-test was used for quantitative data, and chi-square test/Fisher-exact test was used for qualitative data. Binary logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis, and the correlation coefficient was used for multicollinearity test before regression analysis. Results A total of 61 COVID-19 infected cancer patients were included in this study. Their average age was 62.2±12.12. The most common admission symptoms were fever (54.1%), fatigue (39.3%), and cough (37.7%). The rate of the patients with severe COVID-19 was 54.1%. Having 3 or more complications (OR: 2.07, 95%CI: 3.14-2698.12), fever (OR: 12.22, 95%CI: 1.20-86.70), low percentage of lymphocytes (OR: 15.56, 95%CI: 1.78-136.24) and low serum albumin level (OR: 254.64, 95%CI: 8.56-7576.41) were risk factors for COVID-19 severity. The fatality rate of the subjects was 8.2%, and the average hospital stay was 26.7±19.69 days. Furthermore, the severity of COVID-19 had a statistically significant impact on the average hospital stay (t=-3.48, P<0.01). Conclusion Patients with malignant tumors combined with COVID-19 have a higher severity rate, fatality rate, and average hospital stay than ordinary COVID-19 patients. Underlying diseases, fever, low lymphocyte percentage, and low serum albumin levels are the factors for the increase of the illness severity in patients with malignant tumors combined with COVID-19.

Objective: o study the effect of cleaning treatment with hydrofluoric acid (HF) on the surface and bonding strength of IPS e.max and Vita Mark II ceramic inlays. Methods: Fifty pieces of IPS e.max and Vita Mark II ceramic inlay specimens were made separately using CAD/CAM. After uniformly bonding surfaces using 9% HF etching, they were randomly divided into an untreated control group (group A) and the following experimental groups: neutralizing powder (B group), 37% phosphoric acid (group C), ultrasonic cleaning (group D) and neutralizing powder + 37% phosphoric acid + ultrasonic cleaning (group E). Each set of 8 specimens was bonded to Variolink N resin adhesive under standard conditions. The shear adhesive strength was measured after exposure to a constant-temperature water bath at 37 ℃ for 24 h. The location of the fracture and the type of adhesion failure were recorded. The shear adhesion and the average strength of the connection were analyzed. The remaining 2 specimens were used for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to observe the surface morphology, including the crystal structure, pore pattern, and residue. Results : The results were similar for the IPS e.max and Vita Mark II inlays. The maximum bond strength was observed in the IPS e.max ceramic inlays in group E, with an average bond strength 11.96 MPa higher than that in group A. Among the Vita Mark II porcelain inlays, the maximum bond strength was observed in group E. The average bond strength was 9.74 MPa higher than that in group A. The results of the statistical analysis were similar for the IPS e.max and Vita Mark II porcelain inlays, with significant differences in the bond strengths between groups C, D, and E and the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the adhesive strength between groups B and A. At the same time, there was no significant difference in the bond strength between the treatment groups B, C, D, and E (P > 0.05). SEM revealed that the pores on the surface of ceramics subjected to the acid etching treatment were broadened and uniform, with less residue than observed in the control group. The effects of treatments D and E were the best. Conclusion The HF etching treatment can enhance the bonding strength of IPS e.max and Vita Mark Ⅱ ceramic inlays while leaving little residue, and the joint strength is highest when the joints are treated together.

Implantation of the base bone in the implant after effective and rapid bone binding and prevention and treatment of bone resorption, to ensure the success of planting surgery is of great significance. This article reviews the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine promoting bone integration and the etiopathological mechanism of bone resorption, and expounds the influence of traditional Chinese medicine on osseointegration and bone resorption.