The implant-supported prosthesis has gradually become the preferred treatment for patients with partial edentulous or complete edentulous. Causes for the implant failure have been discussed in the majority of studies conducted in recent years, while their risk factors are still controversial. Patient factors (gender, age, smoking, osteoporosis, diabetes, medication, periodontitis and bruxism), clinical parameters (implant area, bone quality, implant size) and doctor factors (surgical-related factors, prosthesis-related factors) will all affect implant failure. This article presents typical clinical cases and reviews the potential risk factors for dental implant failure, in order to provide guidance for clinical practice.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of rapamycin in children with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) associated renal disease. Methods: A prospective self-control study was conducted. The clinical data of 92 children diagnosed with tuberous sclerosis complex associated kidney disease at the People′s Liberation Army General Hospital from January 2011 to January 2019 were collected. The long-term rapamycin treatment for all patients initiated at 1 mg/(m²·d), which was gradually adjusted to reach a blood concentration of 5-10 μg/L. The changes of the maximum diameter of renal lesions in children after rapamycin treatment were observed and analyzed with Wilcoxon test. Results: Ninety-two children, including 52 males and 40 females, who met the criteria were analyzed. Sixty patients had only renal angiomyolipoma(RAML), while 24 patients had only multiple renal cysts(MRC), and 8 patients had both lesions. The age of TSC diagnosis was 16.0 (7.0, 42.0) months, and the age of initial treatment with rapamycin was 63.5 (21.0, 103.0) months. The follow-up lasted for 12.0 (4.0, 23.0) months. Sequencing of TSC1 and TSC2 genes was performed in 54 children with TSC, including 3 patients (6%) with mutations in TSC1 gene and 51 patients (94%) with mutations in TSC2 gene. The maximum RAML diameter before treatment was 7.0 (4.0, 9.0) mm. The best effect reached at 3 months of treatment, with the diameter of 4.0 (0,7.0) mm. The maximum diameters at 6 months, 1 year and 1-2 years were 5.0 (0,9.8) mm, 5.0 (1.5, 8.5) mm, 5.5 (3.0, 9.0) mm, respectively, and were significantly different from the baseline (Z=-2.404,-2.350,-2.750,P=0.016,0.019,0.006, respectively). The maximum diameter after 2-3 years, and ≥3 years were 5.0 (3.9,7.0) mm and 6.0 (1.0, 11.0) mm, without significant difference from the baseline (Z=-0.856,-0.102,P=0.393,0.919, respectively).The maximum diameters of MRC after 3 months, 6 months, 1 year,1-2 years, 2-3 years, and ≥3 years were 11.0 (5.0, 14.0) mm,3.0 (0.0,11.0) mm,5.0 (0,21.0) mm,0 (0,14.0) mm,0 (0,10.0) mm, and 0 (0,18.3) mm, respectively, but were not significantly different rom the baseline (7.0 (5.0, 15.7) mm)(Z=-0.944,-1.214,-1.035,-1.896,-1.603,-1.214,P=0.345,0.225,0.301,0.058,0.109,0.225, respectively).Twenty-nine patients (32%) had oral ulcers during the entire treatment period, and no serious adverse reactions were observed. Conclusions Rapamycin could decrease the diameter of TSC-related RAML, but could not inhibit the growth of cysts. It is well tolerated in the treatment of renal diseases associated with tuberous sclerosis complex.

Maxillary sinus augmentation is an effective procedure to gain bone height for implant placement in an atrophic posterior maxilla. But maxillary sinus diseases are prevalent in patients scheduled for sinus lift procedures. The presence of these diseases may increase the difficulties in performing the surgery and the risk of developing postoperative complications. This paper summarizes and introduces the common maxillary sinus mucosa diseases related to maxillary sinus augmentation.

The use of antibiotics in dental implantology is very common and the abuse of antibiotics is increasingly obvious. The rational use of antibiotics in the process of oral implantology needs the support of evidence based medicine. The prophylactic use of antibiotics in dental implantology is reviewed in this article, including the summary of different infection risks, such as peri-implantitis and maxillary sinusitis after maxillary sinus floor lifting.

Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL) is the subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with high heterogeneity and invasiveness. Though most ENKTCL patients are present as early-stage at diagnosis, clinical prognosis significantly differs due to the limitations of clinical staging. Radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT) are the first-line treatments for early ENKTCL patients. However, there is no consensus on the combined modalities of RT and CT, and their optimal strategy. With the continuous renewal of clinical staging and prognostic models, early-stage ENKTCL patients tend to accept risk-adapted treatment with proper stratification. In this review, the latest research progresses on clinical staging, prognostic models and treatment were retrospectively analyzed, aiming to provide references for clinical decision-making.

The motion of the tumor limits further improvement in the accuracy of radiotherapy. Real-time monitoring and tracking of tumor location is an emerging technology to improve the accuracy of tumor radiotherapy. According to the adopted methods, it can be broadly divided into non-radiation-based and radiation-based systems. The former system includes ultrasound guidance, nuclear magnetic resonance guidance, electromagnetic tracking, optical image guidance, artificial intelligence-based technologies, and the latter system consists of KV, MV-grade X-ray imaging system and CT-based guidance system. In this review, research progresses on real-time tumor monitoring and tracking technology in radiotherapy, respective advantages and disadvantages and current clinical application were summarized.

To investigate the efficacy and safety of rapamycin in children with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) associated renal disease. Methods A prospective self?control study was conducted. The clinical data of 92 children diagnosed with tuberous sclerosis complex associated kidney disease at the People's Liberation Army General Hospital from January 2011 to January 2019 were collected. The long?term rapamycin treatment for all patients initiated at 1 mg/(m2·d), which was gradually adjusted to reach a blood concentration of 5-10 μg/L. The changes of the maximum diameter of renal lesions in children after rapamycin treatment were observed and analyzed with Wilcoxon test. Results Ninety?two children, including 52 males and 40 females, who met the criteria were analyzed. Sixty patients had only renal angiomyolipoma(RAML), while 24 patients had only multiple renal cysts(MRC), and 8 patients had both lesions. The age of TSC diagnosis was 16.0 (7.0, 42.0) months, and the age of initial treatment with rapamycin was 63.5 (21.0, 103.0) months. The follow?up lasted for 12.0 (4.0, 23.0) months. Sequencing of TSC1 and TSC2 genes was performed in 54 children with TSC, including 3 patients (6%) with mutations in TSC1 gene and 51 patients (94%) with mutations in TSC2 gene. The maximum RAML diameter before treatment was 7.0 (4.0, 9.0) mm. The best effect reached at 3 months of treatment, with the diameter of 4.0 (0, 7.0) mm. The maximum diameters at 6 months, 1 year and 1-2 years were 5.0 (0,9.8) mm, 5.0 (1.5, 8.5) mm, 5.5 (3.0, 9.0) mm, respectively, and were significantly different from the baseline (Z=-2.404,-2.350,-2.750, P=0.016,0.019,0.006, respectively). The maximum diameter after 2-3 years, and≥3 years were 5.0 (3.9,7.0) mm and 6.0 (1.0, 11.0) mm, without significant difference from the baseline (Z=-0.856,-0.102, P=0.393, 0.919, respectively).The maximum diameters of MRC after 3 months, 6 months, 1 year,1-2 years, 2-3 years, and≥3 years were 11.0 (5.0, 14.0) mm,3.0 (0.0,11.0) mm,5.0 (0,21.0) mm,0 (0,14.0) mm,0 (0,10.0) mm, and 0 (0, 18.3) mm, respectively, but were not significantly different rom the baseline (7.0 (5.0, 15.7) mm) (Z=-0.944,-1.214,-1.035,-1.896,-1.603,-1.214, P=0.345, 0.225, 0.301, 0.058, 0.109, 0.225, respectively). Twenty?nine patients (32%) had oral ulcers during the entire treatment period, and no serious adverse reactions were observed. Conclusions Rapamycin could decrease the diameter of TSC?related RAML, but could not inhibit the growth of cysts. It is well tolerated in the treatment of renal diseases associated with tuberous sclerosis complex.

Objective To explore the potential value of the virtual touch tissue quantification (VTQ) in the differential diagnosis of focal pancreatic lesions. Methods Totally 51 patients with focal pancreatic lesions underwent the quantitative analysis by VTQ. Based on the pathologic or clinical diagnosis,the VTQ values including lesional shear wave velocity (LSWV),parenchymal shear wave velocity (PSWV),and difference shear wave velocity (DSWV)(DSWV=LSWV-PSWV) were compared between the lesions and background parenchyma. Results The mean LSWV and PSWV were (2.39±1.25) m/s(0.60-4.39 m/s) and (1.59±0.63) m/s (0.76-3.22 m/s) in malignant group,(1.92±1.07) m/s(0.79-4.00 m/s) and (1.43±0.41) m/s(0.80-2.23 m/s) in potentially malignant group,and (2.40±1.10) m/s (0.89-3.42 m/s) and (1.48±0.44) m/s (1.03-2.11 m/s) in benign group. There were statistically significant difference between LSWV and PSWV in bengin and malignant group (P=0.029,P=0.005),while no statistical significance in potential malignant group (P=0.087). However,LSWV,PSWV,and DSWV showed no significant difference among these three groups (P=0.401,P=0.638,P=0.625,respectively). LSWV was not significantly associated with the tumor size (r=0.253,P>0.05) but had negative correlation with the depth of region of interest (r=-0.413,P<0.05). Conclusion VTQ may be valuable in the differential diagnosis of focal pancreatic lesions,although further research is still required.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of modified lateral window for maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA). Methods: Fifty-five patients who visited the Stomatology Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine between June 2012 and October 2014 were enrolled in the study. Patients underwent MSFA with Bio-Oss grafts based on modified access window. During the operation the vertical height of the bony window was reduced from 6-8 mm of conventional oval window to 4-5 mm of slot-shaped window. The sinus membrane was detached completely via the lateral access and large particle Bio-Oss graft was placed in the sub-mucosal space. The implant survival, graft height, graft volume and resorption rates were measured. Intra-op and post-op complications were recorded. Results: There were 86 implants inserted. The 2-4 year cumulative survival rates were 97.67% by implant-based analysis and 96.36% by patient-based analysis. The residual bone height was (4.7±2.6) mm and bone width was (8.4±2.7) mm. The bone height of implantation site immediately after operation was (16.1±2.5) mm and it was (16.2±2.2) mm at restoration. The bone heights at 1 and 2 years after operation were (14.9±2.5) mm and (13.6±2.6) mm, respectively. The graft height was (10.6±2.8) mm and the graft volume was (1569±745) mm³ immediately after operation. The resorption rate of graft height 6 months after operation was 3.79% and that of graft volume was 7.87%. The 1-year accumulative resorption rate of graft height was 6.63% and that of graft volume was 10.89%. The 2-year accumulative resorption rate of graft height was 7.58% and that of graft volume was 15.26%. Small membrane perforation during MSFA was observed in 5 cases and all were successfully repaired by a collagen Bio-Gide membrane. Conclusion: The modified lateral technique obtains high implant survival rate, excellent graft stability and low complication rate at 2-4 year clinical follow-up, indicating that it is a safe, predictable and minimally invasive surgical method for severe atrophic maxillary posterior dentition.
Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; surgery ; Sinus Floor Augmentation ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of group psychological counseling on the self-confidence and social adaptation of burn patients during the course of rehabilitation.

METHODSSixty-four burn patients conforming to the inclusion criteria and hospitalized from January 2012 to January 2014 in Xijing Hospital were divided into trial group and control group according to the method of rehabilitation, with 32 cases in each group. Patients in the two groups were given ordinary rehabilitation training for 8 weeks, and the patients in trial group were given a course of group psychological counseling in addition. The Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale was used to evaluate the changes in self-confidence levels, and the number of patients with inferiority complex, normal feeling, self-confidence, and over self-confidence were counted before and after treatment. The Abbreviated Burn-Specific Health Scale was used to evaluate physical function, psychological function, social relationship, health condition, and general condition before and after treatment to evaluate the social adaptation of patients. Data were processed with t test, chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon test.

RESULTS(1) After treatment, the self-confidence levels of patients in trial group were significantly higher than those in control group (Z = -2.573, P < 0.05). Among trial group, the number of patients with inferiority complex was 17 (53.1%) before treatment, which was decreased to 6 (18.8%) after treatment; the number of patients with normal feeling and that of self-confidence were 8 (25.0%) and 4 (12.5%) before treatment, which were respectively increased to 13 (40.6%) and 10 (31.3%) after treatment. The overall difference in trial group was obvious between before and after treatment (Z = -4.123, P < 0.01) . There was no obvious difference in self-confidence level of patients in control group between before and after treatment (Z = -1.000, P > 0.05). (2) After treatment, the scores of psychological function, social relationship, health condition, and general condition were (87 ± 3), (47.8 ± 3.6), (49 ± 3), and (239 ± 10) points in trial group, which were significantly higher than those in control group [(79 ± 4), (38.3 ± 5.6), (46 ± 4), and (231 ± 9) points, with t values respectively -8.635, -8.125, -3.352, -3.609, P values below 0.01]. After treatment, the scores of physical function, psychological function, social relationship, health condition, and general condition in trial group were significantly higher than those before treatment (with t values from -33.282 to -19.515, P values below 0.05). The scores of physical function, psychological function, health condition, and general condition in control group after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment (with t values from -27.137 to -17.790, P values below 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSGroup psychological counseling combined with ordinary rehabilitation training give rise to significant effects on self-confidence level and social adaptation for burn patients.

Adaptation, Psychological ; Burns ; psychology ; therapy ; Counseling ; Humans ; Psychotherapy, Group ; methods ; Self Concept ; Social Adjustment ; Treatment Outcome