Objective:To analyze the association between obesity and age at spermarche among Chinese Han boys aged 11-18 years . Methods:The height, weight and status of the spermarche of Chinese Han boys aged 11-18 years were selected from the data of 2010 National Physical Fitness and Health Surveil-lance. The body mass index ( BMI) , prevalence of spermarche in each age group and ages at spermarche by BMI groups were calculated. Chi square test was used to analyze the differences of prevalences of spermarche among the boys with different BMIs across ages. U-test was used to compare the differences of age at spermarche between the boys who were obese and not. Results:In the boys aged 12 and 17 years in urban areas and boys aged 13 years in rural areas, the differences of prevalences of spermarche among the normal weight, overweight and obesity groups were significant (P<0. 05). The age at spermarche in the obesity group (13. 90 years) was 0. 1 years earlier than that in the non-obesity group (14. 00 years) (P<0. 05). Conclusion:Obesity may make the age at spermarche ahead of time.

Objective To evaluate the pharmacological effect of Zhixie Tuire Tablets(ZTT) on human rotavirus RV709 in host cells in vitro.Methods By improved methods of methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium colorimetry assay(MTT) and cytopathic effect(CPE),the anti-rotavirus effect of ZTT on RV709 was evaluated.Results The half toxic concentration(TC50) of ZTT for MA104 was 0.49699 mg/mL.ZTT neither can directly kill human rotavirus,nor prevent human rotavirus from invasion of host cells.The halft inhibitory concentration of ZTT was 0.00519 mg/mL for RV709.Conclusion In-vitro anti-rotavirus mechanism of ZTT is related to the inhibition of the biological synthesis of rotavirus in host cells.

Objective To probe into the therapeutic mechanism of Zhixie Tuire Tablet (ZTT) for rotavirus-induced diarrhea. Methods We established the 4-day old Kunming neonatal mice model by infecting group A G3 type of rotavirus,and then gave the inoculated mice with ZTT at the dose of 0.78 g/kg for three days. Fluorescent quantification PCR method was used to detect the changes of sodium glucose transporter SGLT1 mRNA level and radio-immunity method was used for the examination of PGE2 level in neonatal mice small intestine. Results SGLT1mRNA level was lower in ZTT group than that in the normal group,the difference being significant (P 0.05). PGE2 level in ZTT group was higher than that in the normal group,but lower than that in the model group (P

Aim To investigate the protective effects of sphingosine 1-phosphate ( S1 P ) postconditioning on hypoxia/reoxygenation( H/R) injury in human umbili-cal vein endothelial cells ( HUVEC ) and its mecha-nisms. Methods HUVECs cells were divided into five groups: normal ( control) group, S1P low concentra-tion group ( L ) , S1 P medium concentration group (M), S1P high concentration group ( H) and H/R group. MTT method was used to measure cell survival. Using flow cytometric analysis, the rate of cell apopto-sis was determined. The activities of total superoxide dismutase ( T-SOD) , copper/zinc superoxide dismuta-se ( CuZn-SOD ) , manganese superoxide dismutase ( Mn-SOD) activity, nitric oxide ( NO) and malondial-dehyde ( MDA ) content in cell culture medium were measured with colorimetry. Mitochondrial membrane potential in cells was observed with fluorescence micro-scope. Bax/Bcl-2, eNOS protein expression levels in HUVECs cells were observed with Western blot. Re-sults Compared with H/R group, S1P low, medium and high concentrations in the intervention group could significantly increase the cell survival rate after H/R injury, and increase activity of T-SOD, CuZn-SOD, Mn-SOD and decrease content of MDA. Moreover, S1 P could significantly increase NO content and in-crease eNOS protein expression, decrease apoptosis rate and inhibit the reduction of mitochondrial mem-brane potential. Conclusions S1P can decrease cell apoptosis rate of HUVECs after H/R injury with a cer-tain concentration dependence. The protection of S1P for cell apoptosis of HUVECs after H/R injury may be related to decreasing the intracellular MDA content and improving intracellular SOD activity, increasing mito-chondrial membrane potential and enhancing expres-sion of Bcl-2, anti-apoptotic protein.

CCAAT enhancer binding protein A (CEBPA) and its product transcription factor CCAAT enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) play pivotal roles in early granulocyte development. C/EBPα induces the transition and keeps the balance of differentiation and proliferation of myeloid progenitors. The mutation and dysregulation of CEBPA at transcription, translation or post-translation level lead to differentiation block and over proliferation of immature hematopoietic cells, which are important mechanisms of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The mutation and dysregulation of CEBPA also provide clues for evaluating the outcome of AML patients and potential targets for differentiation-inducing therapies. This review focus on CEBPA mutation and AML, dysregulation of C/EBPα protein expression and AML, as well as C/EBPα protein and targeting therapy.
CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mutation

Cholestatic liver disease is caused by the damage of bile duct cells and hepatocytes due to bile duct injury, accumulation of bile acids, and persistent inflammation. If it is not treated in time, cholestasis can lead to liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and even end-stage liver disease. Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are the two most common cholestatic liver diseases in adults, with unknown causes. Although ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) can improve the prognosis of PBC patients and prolong survival time after liver transplantation, some patients have no response to UDCA. In addition, there are still no effective pharmacotherapies for PSC. With the research advances in molecular mechanism of bile acid regulation and a deeper understanding of immune pathways in recent years, several new drugs have emerged. This article introduces the new therapeutic targets and drugs for PBC and PSC.

Objective:To detect the change of composition of immune cells in the spleen of miR-126 knockdown(miR-126KD) mice and preliminarily explore its significance .Methods: The expression level of miR-126 in spleens of miR-126KD mice was deter-mined by Realtime PCR.And the total number of splenocytes was calculated.The pathologic morphology change of the spleen was observed by HE staining.And the changes on proportion of DCs ,macrophages cells ,γδ T cells and NK T cells,CD3+T cells and its subgroup ,as well as CD19+B cells in spleens of miR-126KD mice were analyzed by Flow cytometry and calculated respectively.The level of phosphorylated AKt and NF-κB was analyzed by Western blot assay.Results:Compared with those of WT mice ,the expression level of miR-126 decreased obviously ( P<0.05 ) and the total number of cells increased obviously in spleen of miR-126 KD mice ( P<0.05).Moreover,the pathologic morphology of miR-126KD mice was significantly changed.The proportion and number of NK T cells in the inherent cells were significantly increased ( P<0.05 ) , but the proportion of Mφcells were significantly decreased ( P<0.05 ) . Meanwhile,the proportion and number of CD3+T cells and CD4+T cells in the adaptive immune cells were significantly increased (P<0.05),while the total number of CD19+B cells were significantly decreased (P<0.05).Last,the level of phosphorylation Akt and NF-κB increased obviously in spleen of miRNA-126 knockdown mice.Conclusion: Change obviously on the composition of immune cells subsets in the spleen of miRNA-126 knockdown mice ,which it may be related to the altered level of phosphorylated AKt and NF-κB and provides a preliminary experimental basis for the further exploring the roles of miR -126 in immune response.

Objective: To understand the readiness for hospital discharge of the day surgery patients of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome and analyze its influencing factors. Methods: A total of 129 children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome during the day surgery were investigated with a general data questionnaire and an adapted discharge preparation metric. Results: The total score of the readiness for hospital discharge was 166.38±30.93. The scores of discharge in all dimensions from high to low were adaptive ability 8.35±1.80, expected support 8.17±1.70, knowledge status 7.35±2.10, and personal status 7.10±1.43. Multiple linear regression results showed that the difficulty of caring for children from parents had a significant effect on the readiness of children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome during day surgery (P<0.01). Conclusions The discharge readiness of children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome during day surgery was at the upper-middle level, but their personal status was not good. Medical and nursing staff should pay attention to health guidance for parents of children with disease-related knowledge, do a good job of interpretation before discharge, help parents increase their confidence in caring for children after discharge, improve the level of preparation for discharge, and ensure the safety of children after discharge.

Objective To systematically investigate PIK3CA mutations in isolated macrodactyly.Methods Overgrowth tissues from 12 isolated macrodactyly patients who were treated at Department of Hand Surgery,Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from May to August 2017 were collected during operation.There were 6 male and 6 female patients with average age of 4.5 years.DNA was tested for PIK3CA mutation using a targeted Sanger DNA sequencing method.Samples with negative Sanger result were tested with a next generation DNA sequencing(NGS) panel targeting 47 cancer hotspot genes including PIK3CA.Results By targeted Sanger sequencing,PIK3CA mutations were detected in 9 of the 12 patients,with mutation level ranging from 7％ to 27％.The PIK3CA mutations observed were p.His1047Arg,p.His1047Leu,p.Glu545Lys,and p.Glu542Lys.NGS found p.Glu453Lys in one additional patient,allowing the total positive rate to 10/12.All PIK3CA mutations detected in the study were cancer hotspot mutations.Among all tissue types tested,adipose tissue had the highest mutation detection rate (9/9),followed by nerve(10/12) and skin(10/12).Conclusions A high proportion of isolated macrodactyly patients carry a PIK3CA mutation.Adipose,nerve,and skin are ideal tissue resources for PIK3CA mutation detection.Targeted Sanger sequencing with reflex to NGS represents a cost-effective strategy to test PIK3CA mutations in isolated macrodactyly.

Objective To systematically investigate PIK3CA mutations in isolated macrodactyly.Methods Overgrowth tissues from 12 isolated macrodactyly patients who were treated at Department of Hand Surgery,Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from May to August 2017 were collected during operation.There were 6 male and 6 female patients with average age of 4.5 years.DNA was tested for PIK3CA mutation using a targeted Sanger DNA sequencing method.Samples with negative Sanger result were tested with a next generation DNA sequencing(NGS) panel targeting 47 cancer hotspot genes including PIK3CA.Results By targeted Sanger sequencing,PIK3CA mutations were detected in 9 of the 12 patients,with mutation level ranging from 7％ to 27％.The PIK3CA mutations observed were p.His1047Arg,p.His1047Leu,p.Glu545Lys,and p.Glu542Lys.NGS found p.Glu453Lys in one additional patient,allowing the total positive rate to 10/12.All PIK3CA mutations detected in the study were cancer hotspot mutations.Among all tissue types tested,adipose tissue had the highest mutation detection rate (9/9),followed by nerve(10/12) and skin(10/12).Conclusions A high proportion of isolated macrodactyly patients carry a PIK3CA mutation.Adipose,nerve,and skin are ideal tissue resources for PIK3CA mutation detection.Targeted Sanger sequencing with reflex to NGS represents a cost-effective strategy to test PIK3CA mutations in isolated macrodactyly.