A method for the real-time polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) coupled with high specific invader assay to detect single nucleotide polymorphism ( SNP) was established. To reduce the background signal, the amount of flap endonuclease 1 ( FEN1 enzyme ) and wild-type detection probe was optimized. Under the optimum conditions including 0. 05 μmo/L invasive oligonucleotide probe, 0. 125 μmol/L wild-type detection probe, 0. 5 μmol/L mutation detection probe, 0. 25 μmol/L each fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) probe and 1. 5 U FEN1, the background signal of wild-type sample and mutation sample was dramatically decreased and the background interference to the detecting results was thus eliminated. A total of 21 cases of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2*2 ( ALDH2*2 ) , 19 cases of cytochrome p450 2 C19*2 ( CYP2 C19*2 ) and 19 cases of CYP2C19*3 were analyzed with the established method, and the genotypes of ALDH2*2 were 10 cases of GG homozygote, 8 cases of GA heterozygote and 3 cases of AA homozygote; the genotypes of CYP2C19*2 were 9 cases of GG homozygote, 8 cases of GA heterozygote and 2 cases of AA homozygote;and the genotypes of CYP2C19*3 were 18 cases of GG homozygote and 1 case of GA heterozygote. These results were consistent with those by pyrosequencing. The established method was specific, simple, short time-consuming and low cost, and could be used for the detection of SNP genotyping with non-polluting in single closed tube.

The weakening of mechanical properties caused by rapid degradation has been an impediment to the clinical application of magnesium aloy for a long time. In this paper, the effect of surface treatment on the anti-corrosion and anti-fretting properties of magnesium aloy ZK60 was studied. Firstly, an oxidizing layer whose outer layer was porous was first made on the surface of magnesium aloy through micro-arc oxidation treatment (MAO). Then ahydroxyapatitecoating was fabricated by electrodeposition on the oxidizing layer to seal the porous layer. The corrosion resistance and fretting performance of them were investigated in vitro under a simulated bone-plate service condition. Polarization testing results showed that both of them can signifi cantly enhanced the corrosion resistance of magnesium aloy and the corrosion resistance of the latter was better. The fretting testing results showed that obvious coatingfl aking occurred on the worn surface of the latter, and its anti-fretting properties are inferior to that of the former.

Objective:To investigate the impact of China's Mental Health Law on the work of psychological counseling in colleges and universities, and to explore ways to improve the law. Methods: Totally 12 heads of college and university counseling centers in Beijing were conducted with semi-structured interviews. The average age of the interviewees was (40 ±7) years old, with master or doctor degrees in psychology or related disciplines. The method of content analysis was used to analyze the interviewees' understanding of the " Mental Health Law". Results: All of the 12 interviewees had gained some understanding of the "Mental Health Law", and accordingly amended the regulation of their counseling centers. Also, interviewees suggested the positive and negative impacts brought by the law, such as enhancing practitioners' legislative sense, clarifying their responsibilities and boundaries as college and university counseling, as well as difficulties to distinguish psychotherapy and psychological counseling, ambiguity in the legality of working with students who were diagnosed with mental disorders. Moreover, interviewees threw out suggestions on improving the law from the aspect of industry standard, supervision department and vocational qualification. Conclusion: The execution of "Mental Health Law" improves practitioners' legislative sense, clarifies their responsibility. Nevertheless, it does not clearly distinguish psychotherapy from psychological counseling, and be lack of regulation on the psychological counseling industry.

BACKGROUNDS: At present, there is no consensus on the induction methods in term pregnancy with borderline oligohydramnios. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and pregnancy outcomes of labor induction with dinoprostone or single-balloon catheter (SBC) in term nulliparous women with borderline oligohydramnios. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from January 2016 to November 2018. During the study period, a total of 244 cases were enrolled. Of these, 103 cases were selected for induction using dinoprostone and 141 cases were selected for induction with SBC. The pregnancy outcomes between the two groups were compared. Primary outcomes were successful vaginal delivery rates. Secondary outcomes were maternal and neonatal adverse events. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the risk factors for vaginal delivery failure in the two groups. RESULTS: The successful vaginal delivery rates were similar between the dinoprostone group and the SBC group (64.1% [66/103] vs. 59.6%, [84/141] P = 0.475), even after adjustment for potential confounding factors (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.57-2.00, P = 0.835). The incidence of intra-amniotic infection was lower in the dinoprostone group than in the SBC group (1.9% [2/103] vs. 7.8%, [11/141] P < 0.001), but the presence of non-reassuring fetal heart rate was higher in the dinoprostone group than in the SBC group (12.6% [13/103] vs. 0.7%, [1/141] P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression showed that nuchal cord was a risk factor for vaginal delivery failure after induction with dinoprostone (aOR: 6.71, 95% CI: 1.96-22.95). There were three factors related to vaginal delivery failure after induction with SBC, namely gestational age (aOR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.07-2.14), body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m2 (aOR: 2.98, 95% CI: 1.10-8.02), and fetal weight >3500 g (aOR: 2.49, 95% CI: 1.12-5.50). CONCLUSIONS Term nulliparous women with borderline oligohydramnios have similar successful vaginal delivery rates after induction with dinoprostone or SBC, with their advantages and disadvantages. In women with nuchal cord, the risk of vaginal delivery failure is increased if dinoprostone is used in the induction of labor. BMI >30 kg/m2, large gestational age, and estimated fetal weight >3500 g are risk factors for vaginal delivery failure after induction with SBC.
Administration, Intravaginal ; Catheters ; Dinoprostone/therapeutic use* ; Female ; Fetal Weight ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Labor, Induced/methods* ; Nuchal Cord ; Oligohydramnios ; Oxytocics ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Retrospective Studies

Objective:To systematically evaluate the experience of parents caring for children with congenital heart disease (CHD) .Methods:Qualitative researches on experience of parents caring for children with CHD were retrieved in Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) , VIP, WanFang Data, Chinese Biomedical Database, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Joanna Briggs Institute Library and CINAHL by computer from building database to July 2019. The "Australia JBI Critical Appraisal Tool for qualitative studies" was used to evaluation and convergent integration was used to the result integration.Results:A total of 8 researches were included and 29 clear results were extracted. Similar results were summarized into 8 new categories and synthesized into two integrative results. The first integrative result: roles of caregiver grew through self-regulation; the second integrative result: caregivers were with gratitude and hoped to get social support.Conclusions:Nurses should pay attention to mental state of parents of CHD children, provide the necessary care knowledge and skill instruction, help parents to fill the role of caregiver to improve the family-centered care quality in CHD children.

Objective:To explore the incidence of hemorrhage after cesarean section in puerpera with gestational diabetes and its influencing factors.Methods:From October 2015 to October 2019, the convenience sampling method was used to retrospectively select the case data of 305 puerpera with gestational diabetes who underwent cesarean section in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University. The self-designed questionnaire was adopted to collect general data of gestational diabetic puerpera undergoing cesarean section. Binomial Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of hemorrhage after cesarean section in puerpera with gestational diabetes.Results:Among 305 puerpera with gestational diabetes who underwent cesarean section, 30 had postpartum hemorrhage, the incidence was 9.84%, and the amount of bleeding was (1 635.02±235.74) ml. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) , scarred uterus, abnormal placenta, blood coagulation dysfunction, and uterine inertia were the influencing factors of hemorrhage after cesarean section in puerpera with gestational diabetes with a statistical difference ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The incidence of hemorrhage after cesarean section in puerpera with diabetes is high. Pre-pregnancy BMI, scarred uterus, abnormal placenta, blood coagulation dysfunction, and uterine inertia are the influencing factors of hemorrhage after cesarean section in gestational diabetic puerpera.

Objective To investigate whether high glucose-induced vascular calcification is associated with WNT signaling pathway. Methods An in vitro model of human vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification was induced by exposure of the cells to high glucose. The expressions of WNT signal molecules and bone-related proteins including Cbfa1, Osx, OCN and BMP2 were analyzed with qRT-PCR, and the cell calcification was assessed by alizarin red staining. The effect of Dkk1, a WNT signaling inhibitor, on high glucose-induced cell calcification was tested with alizarin red staining and calcium content analysis. Results High glucose activated WNT signaling pathway in human VSMCs by up-regulating the expressions of WNT signal molecules including Wnt3a, Wnt7a, Fzd4 and Wisp1 mRNA by 1.86, 1.68, 2.1, and 2.3 folds, respectively, and by promoting the phosphorylation ofβ-catenin (2.70±0.22, P<0.05), a key mediator of WNT signaling pathway. Inhibition of WNT signaling pathway by Dkk1 attenuated high glucose-induced VSMC calcification and down-regulated the expression of bone-related proteins Cbfa1, Osx, OCN, and BMP2 by (51 ± 9)%, (58 ± 11)%, (56 ± 10)%, and (62 ± 10)% (P<0.01). Conclusion WNT signaling pathway is involved in high glucose-induced VSMC calcification.

Objective To investigate whether high glucose-induced vascular calcification is associated with WNT signaling pathway. Methods An in vitro model of human vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification was induced by exposure of the cells to high glucose. The expressions of WNT signal molecules and bone-related proteins including Cbfa1, Osx, OCN and BMP2 were analyzed with qRT-PCR, and the cell calcification was assessed by alizarin red staining. The effect of Dkk1, a WNT signaling inhibitor, on high glucose-induced cell calcification was tested with alizarin red staining and calcium content analysis. Results High glucose activated WNT signaling pathway in human VSMCs by up-regulating the expressions of WNT signal molecules including Wnt3a, Wnt7a, Fzd4 and Wisp1 mRNA by 1.86, 1.68, 2.1, and 2.3 folds, respectively, and by promoting the phosphorylation ofβ-catenin (2.70±0.22, P<0.05), a key mediator of WNT signaling pathway. Inhibition of WNT signaling pathway by Dkk1 attenuated high glucose-induced VSMC calcification and down-regulated the expression of bone-related proteins Cbfa1, Osx, OCN, and BMP2 by (51 ± 9)%, (58 ± 11)%, (56 ± 10)%, and (62 ± 10)% (P<0.01). Conclusion WNT signaling pathway is involved in high glucose-induced VSMC calcification.

The internal fixation using metal bone plate is one of common method for the clinical treatment of fracture, it plays a role in fixation, protection and supporting of the fractured bone segments, but it also suffers high failure rates in clinical practice. This article reviewed the commonly used methods of failure analysis of bone plate, and described the research results of the failure analysis of bone plate in detail. The fatigue fracture of bone plate caused by stress concentration is the common fracture pattern. In addition, the article summarized the performance optimizations according to the cause of failure, then discussed its future development trends.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bone Plates ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone ; Humans ; Metals

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is common during pregnancy, with the prevalence reaching as high as 31.0% in some European regions (McIntyre et al., 2019). Dysfunction of the glucose metabolism in pregnancy can influence fetal growth via alteration of the intrauterine environment, resulting in an increased risk of abnormal offspring birth weight (McIntyre et al., 2019). Infants with abnormal birth weight will be faced with increased risks of neonatal complications in the perinatal period and chronic non-communicable diseases in childhood and adulthood (Mitanchez et al., 2015; McIntyre et al., 2019). Therefore, accurate estimation of birth weight for neonates from women with GDM is crucial for more sensible perinatal decision-making and improvement of perinatal outcomes. Timely antenatal intervention, with reference to accurately estimated fetal weight, may also decrease the risks of adverse long-term diseases.
Adult ; Birth Weight ; Diabetes, Gestational ; Female ; Fetal Development ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Pregnancy