BACKGROUND:Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene is a kind of porous polymer materials which is commonly used as clinical implants, and it has good biocompatibility, and is not easy to deformation or metamorphism. There is no existence of inflammation absorption reaction, and it al ows the cel migration and tissue ingrowth.
OBJECTIVE:To study the biocompatibility of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene scaffold and human adipose-derived stem cel s.
METHODS:The passage 4 human adipose-derived stem cel s were co-cultured with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene scaffold in vitro. The morphology and function of cel s adhered to the scaffold were observed by inverted phase contrast microscope, and cel adhesive rates and proliferation rates were also calculated by MTT assay.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The inoculated cel s were round and bright, distributed on the surface of scaffolds uniformly, with good cel viability. After 3 hours a large number of adherent cel s were observed from the micrograph;after 24 hours there were a smal amount of short-spindle adipose-derived stem cel s. After cultured for 3 days, the short fusiform or polygon cel s could be seen clearly. After cultured for 7 days, the number of cel s increased significantly, few cel s fel off from the scaffold, and cel adhesion rate was up to an average of 95.7%. Meanwhile, the cel s revealed normal splitting proliferation rate. These findings indicate that human adipose-derived stem cel s are able to attach, grow and proliferate wel on the scaffold. Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene reveals excel ent cel ular compatibility and can be used as a vehicle for adipose tissue engineering.

BACKGROUND:The establishment of a good blood supply is a key mechanism for successful implantation of engineered tissues. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor on the migration of human adipose-derived stem cells via implanting the human adipose-derived stem cells and sodium hyaluronate composite graft at the subcutaneous site of BALB/C mice, in order to explore an optimal scheme for soft tissue reconstruction. METHODS:Human adipose-derived stem cells were isolated from the adipose tissue of healthy cosmetic patients which received liposuction, and the cells were subcultured. Then 5×109/L passage 3 cellsuspension labeled by cm-dil was prepared. The working solution containing 2 mg/L basic fibroblast growth factor was prepared. Composite tissue al-lografts which were the mixtures of 0.25 mL sodium hyaluronate, 0.2 mL cellsuspension and 0.05 mL working solution or DMEM were implanted into the subcutaneous site of both sides of the mouse back. Specimens were taken at 6 weeks after operation and were evaluated histological y after hematoxylin-eosin and vascular immunofluorescent staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:No necrosis, liquefaction, nodular tissue or gel remained in operated position. The hematoxylin-eosin staining showed the main components of the specimens were the adipose tissue and the loose connective tissue. The immunofluorescence staining showed the overlaps between the cm-dil fluorescence from human adipose-derived stem cells and the FITC fluorescence from the vascular endothelium in the experimental group were more than those in the control group (P<0.05). Basic fibroblast growth factor promotes the migration and the differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells in the sodium hyaluronate scaffold into vascular endothelium.

Objective To study the effect of the exogenous recombinant human FGF-basic with different concentrations upon inducing human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) to differentiate into adipose cells,and the optimum concentration of exogenous rh-bFGF by experimental research.Methods hASCs were isolated and extracted by enzymatic digestion from the liposuction aspirate.hASCs using adipogenic supplement were divided into experimental group and blank group:the experimental group of adipogenic supplement was divided into adding the exogenous rh-bFGF 10 ng/ml,20 ng/ml and 40 ng/ml,the blank group of adipogenic supplement was cultured without exogenous rh-bFGF.MTT method was used to detect the adipocytes proliferation.The oil red O staining was used in the qualitative analysis on the time of newly forming adipocyte cells.Western blot was used to detect the effects of rh-bFGF on the expression of lipid droplets surface protein CIDEC at different stages during the culture.Results The experimental group could obviously shorten the period of inducing hASCs to differentiate into adioicytes,and promote the proliferation of adipocytes.The formation rate and the proliferation of adipocytes in the group adding 40 ng/ml rh-bFGF were superior to those in the experimental group else and blank group.The average time of the newly formed lipid droplets by adding 40 ng/ml rh-bFGFwas (11.5±1.9)h.The average absorbance of cell proliferation by adding 40ml rh-bFGF was 0.52 ±0.10.The CIDEC expression quantity of adding 40 ng/ml rh-bFGF group was also superior to that in the experimental group and blank group.Conclusions rh-bFGF in hASCs adipogenic supplement could promote the proliferation of adipocytes and dramatically accelerates the program of hASCs differentiating to adipocytes,in which the optimum concentration of rh-bFGF is 40ng/ml.

A method for the real-time polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) coupled with high specific invader assay to detect single nucleotide polymorphism ( SNP) was established. To reduce the background signal, the amount of flap endonuclease 1 ( FEN1 enzyme ) and wild-type detection probe was optimized. Under the optimum conditions including 0. 05 μmo/L invasive oligonucleotide probe, 0. 125 μmol/L wild-type detection probe, 0. 5 μmol/L mutation detection probe, 0. 25 μmol/L each fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) probe and 1. 5 U FEN1, the background signal of wild-type sample and mutation sample was dramatically decreased and the background interference to the detecting results was thus eliminated. A total of 21 cases of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2*2 ( ALDH2*2 ) , 19 cases of cytochrome p450 2 C19*2 ( CYP2 C19*2 ) and 19 cases of CYP2C19*3 were analyzed with the established method, and the genotypes of ALDH2*2 were 10 cases of GG homozygote, 8 cases of GA heterozygote and 3 cases of AA homozygote; the genotypes of CYP2C19*2 were 9 cases of GG homozygote, 8 cases of GA heterozygote and 2 cases of AA homozygote;and the genotypes of CYP2C19*3 were 18 cases of GG homozygote and 1 case of GA heterozygote. These results were consistent with those by pyrosequencing. The established method was specific, simple, short time-consuming and low cost, and could be used for the detection of SNP genotyping with non-polluting in single closed tube.

This article compares and analyzes the content and theoretical structure of the concept of pathogenesis from the national textbooks of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine and Diagnostics in Chinese Medicine from the first to the ninth version.The authors consider the mechanism as the main content of pathogenesis concept in contemporary Chinese medicine.During the construction of this concept,the concept of pathology has a profound influence,wh ich differs a lot from the emphasis on key in ancient pathogenesis content,mainly reflected in clinical diagnosis and treatment ideas transferring from dealing with key issues to dealing with abstract concept.This change is associated with the impact of western medicine on modern Chinese medicine,emphasizing the mechanism and so on,so that the ancient Xiang (象) concept is marginalized.

OBJECTIVETo apply the membrane separation process in the concentration process of Chuanxiong Chatiao granules and to lay the foundation for its industrialized application.

METHODThe type of membrane, the optimal pressure, the optimal temperature and the optimal detergent were selected by the single factor method. A comparative study was conducted between qualities of extracts from Chuanxiong Chatiao granules by new and traditional processes.

RESULTThe type of membrane was determined to be SMN-130A2350054. The optimal pressure was 1.7 MPa. The optimal temperature was 36 degrees C and the optimal detergent was 1% sodium polyphosphate. The qualities of extracts from Chuanxiong Chatiao granules by new and traditional processes showed no difference.

CONCLUSIONThe selected membrane separation process can effectively achieve concentration and save energy. The extracts from Chuanxiong Chatiao granules by the new process show no difference with traditional processes. Therefore, it provides basis for the industrialized application of Chuanxiong Chatiao granules.

Objective:To investigate the impact of China's Mental Health Law on the work of psychological counseling in colleges and universities, and to explore ways to improve the law. Methods: Totally 12 heads of college and university counseling centers in Beijing were conducted with semi-structured interviews. The average age of the interviewees was (40 ±7) years old, with master or doctor degrees in psychology or related disciplines. The method of content analysis was used to analyze the interviewees' understanding of the " Mental Health Law". Results: All of the 12 interviewees had gained some understanding of the "Mental Health Law", and accordingly amended the regulation of their counseling centers. Also, interviewees suggested the positive and negative impacts brought by the law, such as enhancing practitioners' legislative sense, clarifying their responsibilities and boundaries as college and university counseling, as well as difficulties to distinguish psychotherapy and psychological counseling, ambiguity in the legality of working with students who were diagnosed with mental disorders. Moreover, interviewees threw out suggestions on improving the law from the aspect of industry standard, supervision department and vocational qualification. Conclusion: The execution of "Mental Health Law" improves practitioners' legislative sense, clarifies their responsibility. Nevertheless, it does not clearly distinguish psychotherapy from psychological counseling, and be lack of regulation on the psychological counseling industry.

This study examined the impact of astragalus polysaccharide synbiotics on fecal scores and blood indices in calves suffering from E.coli-induced diarrhea.Twenty Holstein calves,aged 6-9 days and weighing approximately(44.56±5)kg,were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group.The experiment lasted 10 days.Both control and experimental group calves received daily intramuscular injections of borlococci(1 mg/kg)and enrofloxacin(20 mg/kg)dur-ing experimental period.In addition to the standard treatment regimen,calves in the experimental group were given 20 g of Astragali polysaccharide synbiotics in their milk each day.Fecal scoring was conducted daily at 9:00 a.m.,and jugular blood was collected at the end of experiment to eval-uate relevant blood parameters.Results indicated a 17％reduction in diarrhea rates in the experi-mental group compared to the control group,although there was no statistically significant differ-ence in fecal scores.Compared to the control group,the experimental group showed a significant in-crease in the levels of immunoglobulin A(IgA)and immunoglobulin M(IgM)by 54.81％and 60.40％,respectively(P＜0.01).Immunoglobulin G(IgG)and interleukin-10(IL-10)levels increased by 50.89％and 46.80％,respectively(P＜0.05).while interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-1β(IL-1 β),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)decreased by 28.99％,20.88％,and 37.10％,re-spectively(P＜0.01).The experimental group showed a significant reduction in the level of D-lac-tic acid(D-LA)and endotoxin(LPS)by 47.46％and 65.31％compared to the control group,re-spectively(P＜0.01),and diamine oxidase(DAO)activity was 30％lower(P＜0.01).Total su-peroxide dismutase(T-SOD)content increased by 12.78％(P＜0.05),and catalase(CAT)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)contents increased by 53.09％,and 60.57％,respectively(P＜0.01).Furthermore,malondialdehyde(MDA)content decreased by 33.29％(P＜0.01)in the ex-perimental group.In conclusion,administering astragalus polysaccharide synbiotics could reduce in-testinal mucosal damage in calves with E.coli diarrhea,enhance their immunity and antioxidative stress response,and mitigate the impact of pathogenic bacteria and oxidative stress on intestinal mucosal permeability.

Objective To examine the prediction value of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) on radiotherapy response in esophageal cancer.Methods A total of 24 subcutaneous esophageal cancer xenograft models were randomly divided into experimental group (n =14,received a single dose of 15 Gy radiotherapy) and control group (n =10,without any treatment).MRI were required before and after radiotherapy at different check time points (1,6,13 days) of T1WI,T2WI,and DWI measurements.Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCX) and volume (VX) of each xenograft were measured,and both △ADCX and △VX were calculated.Results The ADC values of both group were decreased at the first day,however,the decrease in experimental group were more obviously with an increase at 6 and 13 d gradually.However,the ADC values of the control group showed a persistent decline.There was no significant difference in the ADC values between the two different groups before radiotherapy (P ＞ 0.05),while significant difference was found in the ADC values (F =6.178,16.181,58.733,P ＜ 0.05) and △ADC after radiotherapy (F =9.038,12.360,35.140,P ＜ 0.05).The xenografts volume in the experimental group showed a significant growth delay.There was no significant difference in volume between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05) before radiotherapy.Significant difference in V between the two groups only began to exist at 5 d after radiotherapy (F =28.587,P ＜ 0.05).The ADC0,ADC1 of transplanted tumor in control group had linear correlation relationships with its volume of later period.After radiotherapy,the trend of r values gradually increased from-0.118 to 0.896.Conclusions ADC values may change significantly at the early stage after radiotherapy,and initial and early ADC value may have close relationship with xenograft volumes of later period,which indicates that DWI has huge potential in the prediction of radiotherapy response.

Objective:To explore the differences of fecal calprotectin (FC), C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) between colon and small intestinal Crohn′s disease, and their predictive values for disease activity and mucosal healing in patients with small intestinal Crohn′s disease.Methods:From January 2017 to January 2023, 64 patients with Crohn′s disease who underwent capsule endoscopy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University were enrolled, among them 28 patients had only small intestinal lesions (small intestine group) and 36 patients had lesions involving both small intestine and colon or only colon involvement (ileocolon group). The FC, CRP, and ESR levels of the two groups were detected and compared 15 days before capsule endoscopy examination. Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used for statistical analysis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of FC, CRP, and ESR for disease activity and mucosal healing in patients with small intestinal Crohn′s disease.Results:The FC, CRP, and ESR levels of the small intestine group during the active phase of the disease were 1 689.00 μg/g (727.75 μg/g, 1 800.00 μg/g), 5.67 mg/L (1.00 mg/L, 17.01 mg/L), and 4.50 mm/1 h (2.00 mm/1 h, 11.00 mm/1 h), respectively; while FC, CRP, and ESR levels during the mucosal healing phase were 112.00 μg/g (46.50 μg/g, 130.50 μg/g), 1.00 mg/L (1.00 mg/L, 1.62 mg/L), and 2.00 mm/1 h (2.00 mm/1 h, 5.50 mm/1 h), respectively. The FC, CRP, and ESR levels of the ileocolon group during the active phase of the disease were 1 800.00 μg/g (895.50 μg/g, 1 800.00 μg/g), 4.94 mg/L (3.10 mg/L, 14.80 mg/L), and 10.00 mm/1 h (2.00 mm/1 h, 27.75 mm/1 h), respectively, while FC, CRP, and ESR levels during the mucosal healing phase were 66.00 μg/g (32.50 μg/g, 97.50 μg/g), 1.00 mg/L (1.00 mg/L, 1.55 mg/L), and 2.00 mm/1 h (2.00 mm/1 h, 4.50 mm/1 h), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in FC, CRP, and ESR between the small intestine group and the ileocolon group during the active phase of the disease and mucosal healing phase (all P> 0.05). In the small intestine group, the levels of FC and CRP of patients during the active phase of the disease were 1 173.00 μg/g (312.00 μg/g, 1 800.00 μg/g) and 2.10 mg/1 L (1.00 mg/L, 16.00 mg/L), which were both higher than those of patients during the mucosal healing phase (112.00 μg/g (46.50 μg/g, 130.50 μg/g) and 1.00 mg/L (1.00 mg/L, 1.62 mg/L)), and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=-4.35 and-2.67, P<0.001 and =0.008). In the small intestine group, the level of ESR of patients during the active phase of the disease was 4.00 mm/1 h (2.00 mm/1 h, 16.00 mm/1 h), and there was no significant difference compared with that of patients during the mucosal healing phase (2.00 mm/1 h (2.00 mm/1 h, 5.50 mm/1 h)) ( P>0.05). When the cut-off level of FC was 188.50 μg/g, the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve for predicting disease activity in patients with small intestinal Crohn′s disease was 93.3%, 100.0%, and 0.964, respectively. When the cut-off value of CRP was 3.12 mg/L, the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve for predicting disease activity in patients with small intestinal Crohn′s disease was 46.7%, 92.3%, and 0.744, respectively. When the cut-off level of ESR was 10.00 mm/1 h, the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve for predicting disease activity in patients with small intestinal Crohn′s disease was 33.3%, 100.0%, and 0.654, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the area under the curve between the combinations of FC and CRP, FC and ESR, FC, CRP and ESR, and FC alone for predicting disease activity in patients with small intestinal Crohn′s disease (0.964, 0.959, and 0.959 vs. 0.964, all P> 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the area under the curve between the combination of CRP and ESR and FC alone in predicting disease activity in patients with small intestinal Crohn′s disease (0.708 vs. 0.964, Z=-2.57, P=0.010). Conclusions:There are no statistically significant differences in FC, CRP, and ESR between colon and small intestinal Crohn′s disease. FC has a high predictive value for disease activity and mucosal healing in patients with small intestinal Crohn′s disease and has certain clinical application value.