ObjectiveTo evaluate pharmacological effects of Shengmai injection（SMI）on cerebral ischemia and study its neuroprotective mechanism. MethodsMale specific pathogen-free （SPF） Sprague-Dawley （SD） rats were randomly divided into a sham group， a model group， a low-dose SMI group（3 mL·kg^-1）， a middle-dose SMI group（6 mL·kg^-1）， a high-dose SMI group（12 mL·kg^-1）， and a Ginaton group（4 mL·kg^-1）according to the random number table method， with 12 rats in each group. The rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion（MCAO/R）was prepared via the suture method. The administration groups were intraperitoneally injected with corresponding concentrations of SMI or Ginaton injection after reperfusion， which was conducted for 3 consecutive days. The sham group and model group were administered the equivalent volume of physiological saline. The pharmacological effects of SMI on brain injury in MCAO/R rats were evaluated by neurological function scores， cerebral infarction area， hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， Nissl staining， terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling （TUNEL） staining， and Western blot. The dominant link and key protein of SMI treating cerebral injury were explored using proteomic analysis. The related mechanisms of SMI were further validated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， Western blot， and chloride ion fluorescence probe with oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation（OGD/R）-treated PC12 cells and MCAO/R rats. ResultsCompared with the sham group， the model group showed significantly increased neurological function scores， cerebral infarction area， neuronal apoptosis rate， and expression levels of apoptosis related proteins （P<0.05， P<0.01）and significantly decreased density of Nissl bodies and neurons（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the SMI groups exhibited significantly decreased neurological function scores， cerebral infarction area， neuronal apoptosis rate， and expression levels of apoptosis related proteins （P<0.05， P<0.01）and significantly increased density of Nissl bodies and neurons （P<0.05）. The proteomic analysis results showed that oxidative stress and inflammatory response were important processes of SMI intervening in MCAO/R injury， and the chloride intracellular channel protein 1 （CLIC1） was one of key proteins in its action network. The levels of representative indicators of oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the MCAO/R rats of the SMI groups were significantly reduced， compared with those in the model group（P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the expression levels of CLIC1 and downstream NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3） decreased （P<0.01）. In addition， the experimental results based on the OGD/R PC12 cells showed that SMI significantly increased the cell survival rate（P<0.01） and significantly decreased the intracellular chloride ion concentration（P<0.05）. ConclusionSMI has neuroprotective effects. Oxidative stress and inflammatory response are key processes of SMI intervening in MCAO/R injury. The potential mechanism is closely related to the regulation of CLIC1.

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of Naoxintong capsules' intervention in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion by building a mouse cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model based on short-chain fatty acids. MethodC57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into the sham group， model group， Naoxintong group （158.9 mg∙kg^-1）， and Ginaton group （12.1 mg∙kg^-1） according to the random number table method. The model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion （MCAO/R） was prepared via the filament occlusion method. The effect of Naoxintong capsules on brain injury in MCAO/R mice was evaluated by the neuroethological score， cerebral infarction area determination， Nissl staining， and immunofluorescence staining. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Western blot were employed to evaluate the effect of Naoxintong capsules on the intestinal barrier in MCAO/R mice. The content of short-chain fatty acids in mouse feces was detected by LC-MS/MS. ResultCompared to the sham group， the model group exhibited significant increases in the cerebral infarction area， neuroethological score， and cell apoptosis rate （P<0.01）， with a notable decrease in the number of Nissl bodies （P<0.01）. The protein expression levels of Claudin-1 and Occludin were significantly reduced （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the intervention of Naoxintong capsules significantly decreased the cerebral infarction area （P<0.05） and improved the neuroethological score （P<0.01） and cell apoptosis rate （P<0.01）， with the number of Nissl bodies （P<0.01） and expression levels of Claudin-1 and Occludin proteins （P<0.01） increased. LC-MS/MS results showed that compared to the sham group， the model group featured a significantly reduced content of acetic acid， propionic acid， and butyric acid in feces （P<0.01）， while valeric acid， isovaleric acid， and isobutyric acid levels were increased （P<0.01）. The intervention of Naoxintong capsules notably lowered the content of valeric acid， isovaleric acid， and isobutyric acid （P<0.01）. ConclusionNaoxintong capsules can improve brain and intestinal barrier damage and play a protective role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion by regulating the content of short-chain fatty acids.

Objective:Using quantitative analysis to explore the health care industry policy documents of the Yangtze River Del-ta,reveal the exising policies problems,and provide scientific references for the healthy development of the health care industry.Methods:It uses the open coding method of qualitative research to code health care industry policy texts of Zhejiang,Jiangsu,Anhui and Shanghai,and carries out quantitative analysis based on the policy tool and health care format.Results:The policies and measures related to the health care industry in the Yangtze River Delta are scattered in the policy documents such as health pen-sion,health care,health care travel,etc.There is no special policy to guide the overall development of the health care industry.In the use of policy tools,there is a shortage of environmental tools,supply tools and demand tools,and there is an imbalance in the internal structure of various policy sub-tools;In terms of industrial format,the Yangtze River Delta can develop the advanta-geous format of health care industry based on local resource endowment,but there was insufficient attention to health and culture.Conclusion:The Yangtze River Delta should speed up the formulation of special policies for health care industry,strengthen the construction of health care service standards and product quality evaluation system,increase the proportion of demand-oriented tools,increase the supply of health care and culture policies,and promote the development of health care industry.

Objective:Using quantitative analysis to explore the health care industry policy documents of the Yangtze River Del-ta,reveal the exising policies problems,and provide scientific references for the healthy development of the health care industry.Methods:It uses the open coding method of qualitative research to code health care industry policy texts of Zhejiang,Jiangsu,Anhui and Shanghai,and carries out quantitative analysis based on the policy tool and health care format.Results:The policies and measures related to the health care industry in the Yangtze River Delta are scattered in the policy documents such as health pen-sion,health care,health care travel,etc.There is no special policy to guide the overall development of the health care industry.In the use of policy tools,there is a shortage of environmental tools,supply tools and demand tools,and there is an imbalance in the internal structure of various policy sub-tools;In terms of industrial format,the Yangtze River Delta can develop the advanta-geous format of health care industry based on local resource endowment,but there was insufficient attention to health and culture.Conclusion:The Yangtze River Delta should speed up the formulation of special policies for health care industry,strengthen the construction of health care service standards and product quality evaluation system,increase the proportion of demand-oriented tools,increase the supply of health care and culture policies,and promote the development of health care industry.

Objective:Using quantitative analysis to explore the health care industry policy documents of the Yangtze River Del-ta,reveal the exising policies problems,and provide scientific references for the healthy development of the health care industry.Methods:It uses the open coding method of qualitative research to code health care industry policy texts of Zhejiang,Jiangsu,Anhui and Shanghai,and carries out quantitative analysis based on the policy tool and health care format.Results:The policies and measures related to the health care industry in the Yangtze River Delta are scattered in the policy documents such as health pen-sion,health care,health care travel,etc.There is no special policy to guide the overall development of the health care industry.In the use of policy tools,there is a shortage of environmental tools,supply tools and demand tools,and there is an imbalance in the internal structure of various policy sub-tools;In terms of industrial format,the Yangtze River Delta can develop the advanta-geous format of health care industry based on local resource endowment,but there was insufficient attention to health and culture.Conclusion:The Yangtze River Delta should speed up the formulation of special policies for health care industry,strengthen the construction of health care service standards and product quality evaluation system,increase the proportion of demand-oriented tools,increase the supply of health care and culture policies,and promote the development of health care industry.

Objective:Using quantitative analysis to explore the health care industry policy documents of the Yangtze River Del-ta,reveal the exising policies problems,and provide scientific references for the healthy development of the health care industry.Methods:It uses the open coding method of qualitative research to code health care industry policy texts of Zhejiang,Jiangsu,Anhui and Shanghai,and carries out quantitative analysis based on the policy tool and health care format.Results:The policies and measures related to the health care industry in the Yangtze River Delta are scattered in the policy documents such as health pen-sion,health care,health care travel,etc.There is no special policy to guide the overall development of the health care industry.In the use of policy tools,there is a shortage of environmental tools,supply tools and demand tools,and there is an imbalance in the internal structure of various policy sub-tools;In terms of industrial format,the Yangtze River Delta can develop the advanta-geous format of health care industry based on local resource endowment,but there was insufficient attention to health and culture.Conclusion:The Yangtze River Delta should speed up the formulation of special policies for health care industry,strengthen the construction of health care service standards and product quality evaluation system,increase the proportion of demand-oriented tools,increase the supply of health care and culture policies,and promote the development of health care industry.

Objective:Using quantitative analysis to explore the health care industry policy documents of the Yangtze River Del-ta,reveal the exising policies problems,and provide scientific references for the healthy development of the health care industry.Methods:It uses the open coding method of qualitative research to code health care industry policy texts of Zhejiang,Jiangsu,Anhui and Shanghai,and carries out quantitative analysis based on the policy tool and health care format.Results:The policies and measures related to the health care industry in the Yangtze River Delta are scattered in the policy documents such as health pen-sion,health care,health care travel,etc.There is no special policy to guide the overall development of the health care industry.In the use of policy tools,there is a shortage of environmental tools,supply tools and demand tools,and there is an imbalance in the internal structure of various policy sub-tools;In terms of industrial format,the Yangtze River Delta can develop the advanta-geous format of health care industry based on local resource endowment,but there was insufficient attention to health and culture.Conclusion:The Yangtze River Delta should speed up the formulation of special policies for health care industry,strengthen the construction of health care service standards and product quality evaluation system,increase the proportion of demand-oriented tools,increase the supply of health care and culture policies,and promote the development of health care industry.

Objective:Using quantitative analysis to explore the health care industry policy documents of the Yangtze River Del-ta,reveal the exising policies problems,and provide scientific references for the healthy development of the health care industry.Methods:It uses the open coding method of qualitative research to code health care industry policy texts of Zhejiang,Jiangsu,Anhui and Shanghai,and carries out quantitative analysis based on the policy tool and health care format.Results:The policies and measures related to the health care industry in the Yangtze River Delta are scattered in the policy documents such as health pen-sion,health care,health care travel,etc.There is no special policy to guide the overall development of the health care industry.In the use of policy tools,there is a shortage of environmental tools,supply tools and demand tools,and there is an imbalance in the internal structure of various policy sub-tools;In terms of industrial format,the Yangtze River Delta can develop the advanta-geous format of health care industry based on local resource endowment,but there was insufficient attention to health and culture.Conclusion:The Yangtze River Delta should speed up the formulation of special policies for health care industry,strengthen the construction of health care service standards and product quality evaluation system,increase the proportion of demand-oriented tools,increase the supply of health care and culture policies,and promote the development of health care industry.

Objective:Using quantitative analysis to explore the health care industry policy documents of the Yangtze River Del-ta,reveal the exising policies problems,and provide scientific references for the healthy development of the health care industry.Methods:It uses the open coding method of qualitative research to code health care industry policy texts of Zhejiang,Jiangsu,Anhui and Shanghai,and carries out quantitative analysis based on the policy tool and health care format.Results:The policies and measures related to the health care industry in the Yangtze River Delta are scattered in the policy documents such as health pen-sion,health care,health care travel,etc.There is no special policy to guide the overall development of the health care industry.In the use of policy tools,there is a shortage of environmental tools,supply tools and demand tools,and there is an imbalance in the internal structure of various policy sub-tools;In terms of industrial format,the Yangtze River Delta can develop the advanta-geous format of health care industry based on local resource endowment,but there was insufficient attention to health and culture.Conclusion:The Yangtze River Delta should speed up the formulation of special policies for health care industry,strengthen the construction of health care service standards and product quality evaluation system,increase the proportion of demand-oriented tools,increase the supply of health care and culture policies,and promote the development of health care industry.

Objective:Using quantitative analysis to explore the health care industry policy documents of the Yangtze River Del-ta,reveal the exising policies problems,and provide scientific references for the healthy development of the health care industry.Methods:It uses the open coding method of qualitative research to code health care industry policy texts of Zhejiang,Jiangsu,Anhui and Shanghai,and carries out quantitative analysis based on the policy tool and health care format.Results:The policies and measures related to the health care industry in the Yangtze River Delta are scattered in the policy documents such as health pen-sion,health care,health care travel,etc.There is no special policy to guide the overall development of the health care industry.In the use of policy tools,there is a shortage of environmental tools,supply tools and demand tools,and there is an imbalance in the internal structure of various policy sub-tools;In terms of industrial format,the Yangtze River Delta can develop the advanta-geous format of health care industry based on local resource endowment,but there was insufficient attention to health and culture.Conclusion:The Yangtze River Delta should speed up the formulation of special policies for health care industry,strengthen the construction of health care service standards and product quality evaluation system,increase the proportion of demand-oriented tools,increase the supply of health care and culture policies,and promote the development of health care industry.