Objective To observe the recurrence rate of colorectal adenoma and to explore its correlations to obesity and body weight changes.Methods A total of 1 236 cases of patients with colorectal adenoma admitted to our hospital from 2010 to 2012 were selected.Among them,913 cases of patients who had completed the 2-years follow-up were recruited in this study.According to body mass index (BMI),patients were divided into three gorups:normal weight group (BMI＜24 kg/m2),overweight group (BMI:24-＜28 kg/m2) and obesity group (BMI≥28 kg/m2).Colonoscopy was defined as the end-point performed after 2-years follow-up,and the body weights were remeasured.The correlations of recurrence rate of colorectal adenoma to patients' basal body mass and body weight change were analysed.Results A total of 361 patients (39.5％) suffered from recurrent colorectal adenoma.The recurrence rates of colorectal adenoma in the normal weight group,overweight group and obesity group were 34.5 ％,41.0％ and 41.9 ％,respectively;the recurrence rates in the overweight group and obesity group were higher than that in the normal weight group,there were statistically significant differences (P＜0.05).However,There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate of colorectal adenoma between patients with body weight changes of 2.5 kg or more and those with body weight changes less than 2.5 kg(P＞0.05).Conclusion The recurrence of colorectal adenoma is associated with obesity,but changes in body weight in the short term (two years) have no significant effect on the recurrence rate.