Objective:To investigate the distribution and characteristics of serum allergen specific IgE (sIgE) in children in Tianjin from June 2015 to April 2019.Methods:The fluorescence enzyme linked immunosorbent assay results (obtained by UniCAP system) of serum allergen sIgE of 5 823 children aged 1-14 in Tianjin area were analyzed.The distribution of serum allergen sIgE and its correlation with the gender, disease type, age and season were discussed.Results:(1) Among the 5 823 cases, 3 602 cases (61.86%) were positive for serum allergen sIgE, including 1 556 cases (43.20%) positive for single airborne allergens, 779 cases (21.63%) positive for single food allergens, 1 267 cases (35.17%) positive for both food and airborne allergens.(2) The top 5 airborne allergens were moulds (33.02%), dermatophagoides farinae (27.21%), dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (24.28%), mugwort (21.64%) and ragweed (17.32%). (3) Food allergens were mainly egg white, milk and wheat, whose positive rates were 27.06%, 25.59% and 20.00%, respectively.(4) The positive rate of serum allergen sIgE in boys (64.02%) was significantly higher than that in girls (57.93%) ( χ2=20.94, P<0.05). (5) The positive rate of serum allergen sIgE in children with asthma (73.18%) was significantly higher than that in children with allergic rhinitis (59.82%)( χ2=64.51, P<0.05) and eczema (51.60%) ( χ2=40.04, P<0.05). The main airborne allergens in children with asthma included moulds, dermatophagoides farinae, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, wheat and peanut.The main allergens in children with allergic rhinitis were moulds, egg white, wheat, mugwort and dermatophagoides farinae.The main allergens in children with eczema were egg white, milk, moulds, dermatophagoides farinae and dermatophagoides ptero-nyssinus.(6) With the increase of age, the positive rate of airborne allergens increased gradually.In food allergens, the positive rate of milk and egg white decreased gradually while that of wheat and peanut increased gradually with the increasing age.(7) In different seasons, the positive rate of allergen sIgE was varied.The overall positive rate was highest in summer(66.59%), followed by autumn(64.15%), spring(62.07%), and winter(54.63%) successively( χ2=49.38, P<0.05). Among the airborne allergens, the positive rates of dermatophagoides farinae and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus were the highest in summer and autumn[dermatophagoides farinae(32.25%, 30.17%); dermatophagoides pteronyssinus(30.40%, 27.54%)]. The positive rate of moulds was the highest in summer(45.41%), followed by autumn(36.19%). The positive rate of blattella germanica was the highest in summer(5.52%). The positive rates of cat dander, animal dander combination, artemisia argyi and weeds pollen combination were higher in autumn(33.33%, 13.94%, 24.84%, 19.88%). Conclusions:Moulds, dermatophagoides farinae, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, egg white and milk are the most common allergens in children in Tianjin.The distribution of allergens is correlated with the gender, disease type, age and season.

Objective To study the influence of minocycline combined with azithromycin on serum CRP, D-Dimer and lung function in the children with refractory mycoplasma. Methods From April 2015 to August 2016, 42 children with refractory mycoplasma pneumonia were enrolled in the second hospital in Tianjing. The patients were divided into the observation group and the control group according to the order of admission. The control group was treated with azithromycin sequential therapy, the observation group were given minocycline combined with azithromycin to complete the treatment. The levels of serum CRP, D-D, lung function, clinical symptoms and signs, and the adverse effects were observed. Results After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The levels of CRP and D-D in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The highest expiratory flow velocity (PEE), first-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory 25% flow rate (MEF25) in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The time of X-ray recovery time, the time of fever, the time of cough and the disappearance of lung rales were significantly shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, there were no significant differences in diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, pleural effusion, otitis media, mild anemia and rash adverse reaction rate in the observation group. Conclusion Minocycline combined with azithromycin in the treatment of severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia can effectively reduce serum levels of CRP and D-D, improve pulmonary function and clinical symptoms, and have good clinical efficacy.

Objective To observe the effect Azithromycin injection in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia ( MPP) in children. Methods Forty-four children of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia were randomly divided into two groups, the Azithromycin group ( treat by Azithromycin, made by Pfizer) and the control group (treat by domestic Azithromycin) respectively. Improvement in symptoms and signs between the two groups were observed and compared. Results There were 25 cases in the Azithromycin group, of which,after a week, 17 cases cured,2 cases got better significantly and 6 cases got better. The effective ratio was 76. 00% ( 19/25 ). There were 19 cases in the control group, of which 5 cases cured, 9 cases got better significantly ,4 cases got better and 1 case no change. The effective ratio was 73. 68% (14/19). There was no statistical significance in the effective ratio between the two groups ( x2 = 0. 03, P > 0. 05). However, the Azithromycin group was superior to the control group both in the one week cure rate (t = 7.50,P< 0.05) and on defervescence time (t = 34. 05, P < 0. 05 ) and rales disappearance (t = 2. 39, P < 0. 05 ). Conclusion Azithromycin injection is more effective than domestic Azithromycin in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia,especially in the aspect of improving symptoms.

The central distribution of visceral primary afferent fibers from greater splanchnic nerve of the cat have been studied. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) dissolved in distilled water was injected into the coeliac ganglion or greater splanchnic nerve unilaterally. The HRP was taken up by afferent fibers and transported across the spinal ganglia and then anterogradely as far as central terminals in the spinal cord and medulla. The HRP reaction-product within the central processes of the primary sensory neurons was detected ipsilaterally in the Lissauer's tract, dorsal funiculus and spinal gray matter. After entering the spinal cord via the spinal dorsal roots, the great majority of labeled fibers (viz. the central processes of primary sensory neurons) were found to run longitudinally within the zone of Lissauer, and only sparse fibers to ascend in the dorsal funiculus. The medial projection fibers (MPF) and lateral projection fibers (LPF) arose periodically from the labeled fiber bundle in the Lissauer's tract to form a thin shell surrounding both the medial and lateral sides of the dorsal horn. The terminal areas of the more prominent LPF were found at laminae I, V, VII and the region surrounding the central canal, whereas the MPF ended at the medial part of lamina V and lamina X. Some smaller fiber bundles from LPF were seen to enter the cell clusters of the intermediolateral nucleus, where these fibers divided rostrocaudally and ran parallel with the longitudinal dendritic branches of the intermediolateral cells. The few labeled fibers located at the dorsal funiculus were traced to the lower medulla and the distinct terminal area of them was situated in the ventrolateral part of the nucleus gracilis at the level below the obex.

[Objective] To evaluate the diagnostic values of multi-detector spiral computed tomography (MDCT) in pediatric sacrococcygeal tumors (SCT) and to improve the diagnostic ability.[Methods] 54 children (22 male and 32 female,age between 1 day and 16 years old) with pathologically confirmed SCT were involved in our study.All of them received 64-row spiral Computed Tomography before surgery,CT characteristics and clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.[Results] Pediatric SCT are more common in female children under four years old,with the germ cell tumors most common,followed by neurogenic tumors.Among the 54 SCT,39cases were malignant and 15 were benign (malignant∶ benign =2.60∶1).In CT image findings,37 cases (68％) were mainly solid mass,with 31 cases confirmed malignant by pathology.8 cases (15％) were mainly cystic,with all of them confirmed benign by pathology.9 cases (17％) were cystic-solid or with obvious necrosis in solid mass,with 8 cases confirmed malignant by pathology.[Conclusion] Malignant pediatric SCT are more common than benign SCT.Most malignant SCT are mainly solid mass or cystic-solid or with obvious necrosis in solid mass,and most benign tumors are mainly cystic.Combined with clinical data,MDCT can help to correctly diagnose SCT before surgery.

To investigate the intervention effects of Morinda officinalis How. on 'Kidney-yang deficiency syndrome' induced by hydrocortisone in rats, the metabolic profiles of rat urine were characterized using proton nuclear magnetic resonance and principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to study the trajectory of urinary metabolic phenotype of rats with 'Kidney-yang deficiency syndrome' under administration of M. officinalis at different time points. Meanwhile, the intervention effects of M. officinalis on urinary metabolic potential biomarkers associated with 'Kidney-yang deficiency syndrome' were also discussed. The experimental results showed that in accordance to the increased time of administration, an obvious tendency was observed that clustering of the treatment group moved gradually closed to that of the control group. Eight potential biomarkers including citrate, succinate, alpha-ketoglutarate, lactate, betaine, sarcosine, alanine and taurine were definitely up- or down-regulated. In conclusion, the effectiveness of M. oficinalis on 'Kidney-yang deficiency syndrome' is proved using the established metabonomic method and the regulated metabolic pathways involve energy metabolism, transmethylation and transportation of amine. Meanwhile, the administration of M. officinalis can alleviate the kidney impairment induced by 'Kidney-yang deficiency syndrome'.

Objective Enzyme triggered multi unit colon targeting mini tablet of indomethacin were prepared,in order to improve the target treatment of colon disease.Methods Different proportion of enteric layer and chitosan layer were screened to optimize the prescription.The colon targeting mini tablets were prepared by direct compression method.The drug release properties were investigated in different release medium.Rats were used to investigate the distribution of tissue in vivo.The Beagle dogs were used to study the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability.Results The optimum chitosan layer prescription:coating liquid concentration was 2％,plasticizer three citric acid ethyl ester (TEC) was 15％,an anti sticking agent amount of talc was 30％,coating weight was 5％;Enteric layer prescription:coating liquid solid content was 20％,plasticizer content of TEC was 5％,anti sticking agent talc powder dosage was 40％,coating weight was 3％.The chitosan multi unit colon targeted preparation seldom released in rat stomach and small intestine,released slowly in colon.The pharmacokinetics parameters in Beagle dogs were:Cmax =(3.25 + 0.672) mg·L-1,tmax =(2.00 + 0.014) h,AUC(0.∞) =(10.2 +0.871) mg·L-1 ·h,MRT (0-∞) =(2.82 + 0.180) h,CL =(2.46 + 0.202) L·h-1 ·kg-1.The release time of mini tablets for colon targeted was significantly prolonged and preserved stable blood concentration.Conclusion The enzyme triggered multi unit colon targeting mini tablet of indomethacin showed good target to colon and sustained release effect,providing an important reference for the development of preparation of indomethacin for the treatment of colon disease.

Objective To explore the hematology adverse reactions of imatinib mesylate (IM) in the treatment of chronic phase (CP) of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).Methods The clinical data of 435 CML-CP patients treated with IM were analyzed respectively in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University from Jan 2013 to Jan 2015.The hematology adverse reactions were followed up regularly and the incidences in different groups with various factors were compared.Results Until the end of follow-up,74 (17.0 ％) patients had hematology adverse reactions.61 (14.02 ％) patients had neutropenia,including 9 (14.75 ％) patients who had level Ⅲ-Ⅳ neutropenia.60 (13.79 ％) cases had thrombocytopenia including 11 (18.33 ％) patients with level Ⅲ-Ⅳ thrombocytopenia.Anemia occurred in 50 (11.49 ％) patients,of whom 5 (10.00 ％) cases were grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ anemia.33 (7.59 ％) cases experienced pancytopenia.The incidence of hematology adverse reactions was influenced by nine factors,including the course before treatment,the size of spleen,Sokal scores,the use of interferon,fusion genes,chromosomes,complete cytogenetic response,main molecular reaction and Karnofsky scores (all P ＜ 0.05),while it was not influenced by age,gender,BMI,smoking and drinking (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions During the initial treatment of CML-CP,if patients experienced level Ⅰ-Ⅱ hematology adverse reactions,they can continue to taking IM.However,when level Ⅲ-Ⅳ hematology adverse reactions happened,they need to reduce the dose or stop taking,and one month later,hemocyte will get well.In the long-term treatment of CML,once level Ⅲ-Ⅳ hematology adverse reactions occur,the patients need to receive some related inspections,such as bone marrow morphology and molecular biology detection,to clear the disease stage.When it is necessary,the patients can take the second generation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Diagnostic Imaging Pediatric bone and joint system was a sub-branch of professional courses.The content was more difficult and learners were not relaxed to master the knowledge alone.It was easy,across time and space,resource sharing and interactive to operate on blackboard teaching platform.We can better accomplish teaching and learning task with pediatric bone and joint diagnostic imaging online course constructed by blackboard platform.

Objective: To investigate the hygienic status of the central air conditioner ventilation system in public places in urban areas of Ma'anshan City, Anhui Province, so as to provide insights into formulation of supervision and management interventions. Methods: A total of 15 public places with the central air conditioner ventilation system were randomly sampled from main urban areas in Ma'anshan City in 2022. Sampling and detection were performed following the standard GB/T 18204.5—2013 Examination methods for public places Part 5: Central air conditioning ventilation system, including total number of bacteria and total number of fungus on the inner surface of wind pipes, total number of bacteria and fungus, particulate matter (PM10) and β-hemolytic streptococci in the air supply system, and Legionella pneumophila in the cooling water, and the detection indicators were assessed following the WS 394—2012 Guideline for hygiene of the central air conditioner ventilation system in public places. The eligible rate of samples, the detection rate of L. pneumophila were analyzed. Results: A total of 368 samples were collected from 15 public places, and the qualified rate was 50.54%, no places had all eligible measurement indicators. The qualified rates of total bacteria and fungus numbers on the inner surface of wind pipes were 52.67% and 59.33%. The qualified rates of total bacterium number, total fungus number, PM10 and β-hemolytic streptococci were 12.00%, 28.00%, 90.00% and 96.00% in the air supply system. The qualified rates of samples in administrative workplaces, hotels, bathing places and malls (supermarkets) were 32.50%, 59.24%, 61.09% and 68.92%, the qualified rates of total bacteria on the inner surface of air ducts were 8.33%, 72.46%, 66.67% and 61.90%, and the qualified rates of total fungus numbers in air supply were 0, 21.70%, 33.30% and 71.40%, respectively, with statistical significance (P<0.05). A total of 18 cooling water samples were collected, and L. pneumophila was detected in three samples (16.67%). Conclusions Poor hygiene is seen in the central air conditioning ventilation systems in public places in main urban areas of Ma'anshan City. High attention needs to be paid to contamination of bacterium, fungus and L. pneumophila, and expansion of supervision coverage and improved supervision intensity are recommended.