OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for antibiotics use. METHODS:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the detection of pathogens and antibiotics use in 93 children with bronchiolitis in our hospital between Jan. 2013 to Dec. 2014. Pathogens detection mainly included respiratory virus,pneumonia mycoplasma IgM antibody and pneumonia chlamydia IgM anti-body and sputum culture. RESULTS:Among 93 cases,22 cases (23.66%) were positive in respiratory virus IgM antibody test, mainly for respiratory syncytial virus;17 cases(18.28%)were positive in sputum culture test,mainly for the Moraxella catarrha-lis,Haemophilus influenza and Streptococcus pneumonia;10 cases(10.75%)were positive in Atypical pathogens test,mainly for mycoplasma pneumonia. There were 47 cases(50.54%)of antibiotics;Among them,only 12.77%(6/47)had clear indications for using antibiotics;the children who were 1-3 months old had the highest percentage of antibiotics,accounting for 81.82% at the same age;the duration of disease was significantly prolonged in the cases who used antibiotics,with average duration of(8.27± 3.32) d. CONCLUSIONS:Bronchiolitis is still usually caused by virus infection in our hospital,the ratio of antibiotics use are high and most of them don't have bacterial infection indications.

Objective:To investigate the labial(buccal)bone thickness at alveolar crest zone and alveolar crest height of the maxil-lary anterior teeth and premolars of young adults with normal occlusion.Methods:The alveolar bone of the anterior teeth and premo-lars of 67 eligible Han national young volunteers was scanned by CBCT.Then the facial bone thickness and the distance between the facial alveolar crest and Cemento-enamel Junction(CEJ)of the anterior teeth and premolars were measured and analyzed after recon-struction.Results:The distance between labial (buccal)crest and labial (buccal)CEJ of the maxillary first premolars was the lar-gest(P <0.05);there was a negative correlation between the labial(buccal)crest height and the facial alveolar bone thickness at 2 mm from CEJ toward root derection[(P <0.05),0.6 <|r|<0.8].Conclusion:The labial (buccal)crest of the first premolars was higher than that of other teeth in maxillary aesthetic zone.At alveolar crest zone,when the labial (buccal)bone was thinner,the dis-tance between labial (buccal)crest and labial (buccal)CEJ was larger,and the implant aesthetic risk is higher.

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Objective To investigate the mechanisms and proliferation inhibitory effects of atractylenolide Ⅰ on SK-OV-3 and OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cell.Methods SK-OV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells were treated with atractylenolide I with various concentrations at 24 hours,48 hours and 72 hours,and the changes in proliferation were detected by MTT assay.The cell cycles were measured by PI staining and flow cytometry,and the expressions of cyclin D1 and CDK1 were detected by ELISA assay.Western blot was then applied to investigate the effects of atractylenolide Ⅰ on PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in SK-OV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells.Results Atractylenolide I could significantly inhibit the proliferation of SK-OV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells,and its inhibitory effects were concentration and time dependent.In addition,atractylenolide I could also significantly reduce the proportion of cells in S phase and increase the proportion of cells in G2/M phase,and these effects were associated with the down-regulation of CDK1.The results of Western blot indicated that PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was involved in the inhibitory effects of atractylenolide Ⅰ on proliferation and cell cycle.Conclusion Atractylenolide I can down-regulate the expression of CDK1 in ovarian cancer SK-OV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells through PI3K/AKT pathway,which led to cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase,and played an important role in proliferation inhibition of tumor cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of the Shaofu zhuyu decoction on the changes of the body writhing behavior,inflammatory reaction and COX-2 expression of the rats with the primary dysmenorrhea. Methods Fifty SD female rats were randomly divided into blank control group,model control group,high,middle and low dose of Shaofu zhuyu decoction groups,10 in each group.Dysmenorrhea rat model was established by treating with estradiol benzoate and oxytocin.Effect of Shaofu zhuyu decoction of different doses on writhing behavior,changes of endometritis cells and COX-2 expression in uterine smooth muscle of dysmenorrhea rats were observed. Results In the model control group,latency of the body writhing behavior was shortened and the total score was high,many inflammatory cells (especially for neutrophils) infiltrated in endometrium and uterine smooth muscle,immunohistochemistry showed that brown granules were found in the cytoplasm of smooth muscle cells of uterus,and COX-2 expression was positive in uterine smooth muscle cells.As compared with the model control group,writhing latency increased,total score decreased in both the high and middle dose of Shaofu zhuyu decoction groups,and infiltration of a small number of inflammatory cells was seen in the endometrium and smooth muscle(P<0.01);COX-2 expression was decreased (P<0.01) especially for the high dose of Shaofu zhuyu decoction group.As compared with the model control group,the latency of the low dose of Shaofu zhuyu decoction group was significantly increased,and the total score was decreased(P<0.01),but there was no significant difference in inflammatory cell infiltration and COX-2 expression (P>0.05). Conclusion A potential mechanism by which Shaofu zhuyu decotion treats primary dysmenorrhea may be related with alleviating pain,inhibiting inflammatory responses,and down-regulating expression of COX-2.

Depression is a major mood disorder. Abnormal expression of glial glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) is associated with depression. Schisantherin B (STB) is one bioactive of lignans isolated from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill which has been commonly used as a traditional herbal medicine for thousands of years. This paper was designed to investigate the effects of STB on depressive mice induced by forced swimming test (FST). Additionally, we also assessed the impairment of FST on cognitive function in mice with different ages. FST and open field test (OFT) were used for assessing depressive symptoms, and Y-maze was used for evaluating cognition processes. Our study showed that STB acting as an antidepressant, which increased GLT-1 levels by promoting PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Although the damage is reversible, short-term learning and memory impairment caused by FST test is more serious in the aged mice, and STB also exerts cognition improvement ability in the meanwhile. Our findings suggested that STB might be a promising therapeutic agent of depression by regulating the GLT-1 restoration as well as activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
Animals ; Cognition ; Cognition Disorders ; Depression ; Glutamic Acid ; Herbal Medicine ; Learning ; Lignans ; Memory ; Mice ; Mood Disorders ; Physical Exertion ; Schisandra

Objective:To investigate the clinical manifestations and pathogenic gene mutation sites of familial cavernous hemangioma by a pedigree study of this disease.Methods:A family of cerebral cavernous hemangioma who was admitted to the Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology in April 2019 was diagnosed as cerebral cavernous hemangioma type 1 based on clinical manifestations and head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion weighted imaging and susceptibility weighted imaging screening. According to Zabramski classification criteria, the family′s clinical data were collected and genes were sequenced.Results:A 58-year-old female proband had dizziness and headache as the main symptoms, her daughter and son had no clinical symptoms, and her granddaughter had clinical manifestations of cerebral hemorrhage and seizures. The proband and her family members showed multiple cavernous hemangioma on cranial MRI,and the p.L436fs mutation in the KRIT1 gene of familial cerebral cavernous malformation type 1 was confirmed through genetic examination, which was consistent with the Zabramski typing results based on head MRI. The mutation site of the familial spongiform malformation type 1 pathogenic gene was found to be p.L436fs in KRIT1 gene, which has not been reported in familial cerebral cavernous hemangioma type 1 until now.Conclusion:A new p.L436fs mutation of KRIT1 gene was found in familial cerebral cavernous malformation type 1, which expands understanding of the clinical manifestations and pathogenic gene mutation sites of familial cavernous hemangioma.

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of bridging intergrator-1 (BIN1) on expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells. Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR) and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of BIN1 and PD-L1 in A549 cells and normal human embryo lung fibroblast 2BS cells, respectively. Eukaryotic expression plasmid CMV-MCS-GFP-SV40-Neomycin-BIN1 containing human full length BIN1 gene sequence was transfected into A549 cells via cationic liposomes by using gene transfection technology (as BIN1+group); c-MYC-siRNAwas used to knockdown the expression of c-MYC inA549 cells through RNAinterference technique (as cMYC-siRNA group). The transfection efficiencies were verified by qRT-PCR and Western blotting, the effects of BIN1 over-expression and c-MYC knock-down on the expression of c-MYC and PD-L1 in A549 cells were detected as well. Results: Comparing with 2BS cells, the expression of BIN1 was down-regulated in A549 cells at both mRNA and protein levels, while the expression of PD-L1 was up-regulated (all P<0.05). The expression of BIN1 was increased at both mRNA and protein level in BIN1+ group, while the expression of PD-L1 was decreased significantly after B1N1 transfection (all P<0.05). After transfection of c-MYC-siRNA into A549 cells, the expression of c-MYC and PD-L1 in c-MYC-siRNAgroup was down-regulated significantly (all P<0.01). Conclusion: Over-expression of BIN1 could reduce the expression of PD-L1 by inactivating the c-MYC pathway, thereby inhibiting the immune escape ofA549 cells.

Objective: To investigate the effects of long non-coding RNA nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (lncRNA NEAT1) on the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma PC-9 cells and to explore its mechanism. Methods: qPCR was used to detect the expression level of lncRNA NEAT1 in human lung adenocarcinoma PC-9 cells and human embryonic lung diploid 2BS cells. The sequence of small interfering RNA(siRNA) targeting lncRNANEAT1 gene was designed and synthesized, and then transfected into PC-9 cells by liposome method. The expression level of NEAT1 in PC-9 cells before and after transfection was detected by qPCR. MTT and flow cytometry were used to detect the effect of lncRNANEAT1 knockdown on proliferation and cell cycle distribution of PC-9 cells, respectively. WB assay was used to detect the expressions of DNA damage-related proteins, namely, double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) biomarker γ-H2AX and ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM), before and after transfection. Results: Compared with 2BS cells, lncRNA NEAT1 was highly expressed in PC-9 cells (P<0.05). The PC-9 cells with lncRNA NEAT1 knock-down were successfully established. After being transfected with siRNA for 12 h, the proliferation of PC-9 cells in siNEAT1 group and siNEAT2 group significantly decreased as compared with the blank control group and the empty transfection group (P<0.05). In the interference groups, cell cycle was arrested in G1 phase ([88.97±2.64]%, [88.15±1.48]% vs [84.5±1.72]%, P<0.05) and G2/M phase ([8.35±2.02]%, [8.11± 1.36]% vs [4.28±1.28]%, P<0.05). The expression levels of DNA damage-related proteinsATM and γ-H2AX in the interference groups were significantly increased (all P<0.05). Conclusion: lncRNA NEAT1 is highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma PC-9 cells. lncRNA NEAT1 inhibits DNA damage and causes cell cycle at G1/M phase switch, and thus promotes the proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells.

Objective: To access the influence of voice disorders on children′s voice-related quality of life through the parental version of pediatric voice handicap index (pVHI). Methods: From April 2017 to March 2018, a total of 192 children with voice disorders (dysphonic group) and 111 children without voice disorders (control group) were enrolled in this work. Parents of children in both groups were asked for fill out the questionnaire containing the parental version of pVHI and the data of non-normal distribution were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test. Spearman test was used for correlation analysis. Results: (1)Vocal cord nodule was the most common voice disorder in children, and boys were more susceptible to voice disorder than girls in this study (70.3%(135/192) vs 29.7%(57/192)). (2)The most common voice abuse or misuse habit was "Shouting loudly". (3)In dysphonic group, the scores of function, physiology, emotion and total were higher than those in control group (all P<0.05). (4)In dysphonic group, there was a weak correlation between the parents′ overall evaluation of the children′s voice status and the three dimensions of the parental version of pVHI (function: r=0.339, physiology: r=0.334, emotion: r=0.208, all P<0.001). Conclusions Voice disorders can cause a negative impact on children′s quality of life. Parental version of pVHI can be used to assess the voice-related quality of life in children with voice disorders.