Hereditary breast cancer(HBC)is one of the important subtypes of breast cancer(BC),primarily characterized by mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes.Accurate identification of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers remains a significant clinical challenge.Traditional genetic testing methods for BRCA1/2 mutations are often expensive and complex.In recent years,advancements in radiomics and artificial intelligence(AI)have opened new avenues for non-invasive prediction of BRCA1/2 mutations.This review summarized the current research progresses in utilizing radiomics and AI for screening and predicting of BRCA1/2-related HBC.

ObjectiveTo investigate the antidepressant effects and mechanisms of total flavonoids from Cuscutae Semen （TFCC） in the mouse model of chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS）. MethodsFifty male 4-week-old ICR mice were randomized into five groups （n=10 per group）： blank control， model， Cuscutae Semen decoction （10.2 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， paroxetine （2.6 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）， and TFCC （173.2 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）. The other groups except the blank control group underwent chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS） for 4 weeks. Behavioral assessments were conducted post-modeling. Then， the model group received distilled water （10 mL·kg^-1·d^-1）， while treatment groups were administrated with respective agents via oral gavage （10 mL·kg^-1） for 4 weeks. Depression-like behaviors were evaluated by the sucrose preference test （SPT）， forced swimming test （FST）， and tail suspension test （TST）. Hippocampal neuronal morphology was observed via hematoxylin-eosin staining， and apoptosis in the brain tissue was assessed via terminal- deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling （TUNEL）. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was employed to measure the hippocampal levels of inflammatory cytokines ［interleukin （IL）-1β， IL-6， and TNF-α）］ and neurotransmitters ［5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）， dopamine （DA）， and brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）］， while the reactive oxygen species （ROS） levels were quantified via the DCFH-DA probe. Real-time PCR was performed to measure the mRNA levels of NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3）， apoptosis-associated Speck-like protein containing a CARD （ASC）， cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-1 （Caspase-1）， IL-1β， and inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS）. Western blot was employed to evaluate the protein levels of NLRP3， ASC， Caspase-1， uncoupling protein 2 （UCP2）， and thioredoxin-interacting protein （TXNIP）. ResultsCompared with the blank control group， the model group exhibited weight loss （P<0.01）， reduced sucrose preference （P<0.01）， prolonged immobility time in FST and TST （P<0.01）， neuron disarrangement with nuclear pyknosis in hippocampal CA3 region， increased apoptosis in the brain tissue， elevated levels of IL-1β， IL-6， and TNF-α （P<0.01）， declined levels of 5-HT， DA， and BDNF （P<0.01）， increased ROS accumulation （P<0.01）， upregulated mRNA levels of NLRP3， ASC， Caspase-1， IL-1β， and iNOS （P<0.01）， down-regulated protein level of UCP2 （P<0.01）， and up-regulated protein levels of NLRP3， ASC， Caspase-1， and TXNIP （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the interventions restored sucrose preference （P<0.01）， shortened immobility time （P<0.01）， repaired hippocampal neuronal structure， reduced apoptosis， lowered the levels of inflammatory cytokines （P<0.01）， restored the levels of neurotransmitters （P<0.01）， alleviated ROS accumulation （P<0.01）， downregulated the mRNA levels of NLRP3， ASC， Caspase-1， IL-1β， and iNOS （P<0.01）， upregulated the protein level of UCP2 （P<0.01）， and reduced the protein levels of NLRP3， ASC， Caspase-1， and TXNIP （P<0.01）. Moreover， TFCC outperformed Cuscutae Semen decoction in ameliorating depressive behaviors. TFCC excelled in neuronal repair， neurotransmitter regulation， anti-inflammatory effects， and modulation of the UCP2/TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway （P<0.05）. ConclusionTFCC modulates the hippocampal UCP2/TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway to inhibit inflammasome activation， reduce oxidative stress， restore neurotransmitters， thus suppressing neuronal apoptosis and promoting the rearrangement and morphology recovery of hippocampal cells. It outperforms Cuscutae Semen decoction in the antidepressant efficacy.

ObjectiveTo investigate the antidepressant effects and mechanisms of total flavonoids from Cuscutae Semen （TFCC） in the mouse model of chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS）. MethodsFifty male 4-week-old ICR mice were randomized into five groups （n=10 per group）： blank control， model， Cuscutae Semen decoction （10.2 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， paroxetine （2.6 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）， and TFCC （173.2 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）. The other groups except the blank control group underwent chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS） for 4 weeks. Behavioral assessments were conducted post-modeling. Then， the model group received distilled water （10 mL·kg^-1·d^-1）， while treatment groups were administrated with respective agents via oral gavage （10 mL·kg^-1） for 4 weeks. Depression-like behaviors were evaluated by the sucrose preference test （SPT）， forced swimming test （FST）， and tail suspension test （TST）. Hippocampal neuronal morphology was observed via hematoxylin-eosin staining， and apoptosis in the brain tissue was assessed via terminal- deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling （TUNEL）. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was employed to measure the hippocampal levels of inflammatory cytokines ［interleukin （IL）-1β， IL-6， and TNF-α）］ and neurotransmitters ［5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）， dopamine （DA）， and brain-derived neurotrophic factor （BDNF）］， while the reactive oxygen species （ROS） levels were quantified via the DCFH-DA probe. Real-time PCR was performed to measure the mRNA levels of NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3）， apoptosis-associated Speck-like protein containing a CARD （ASC）， cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-1 （Caspase-1）， IL-1β， and inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS）. Western blot was employed to evaluate the protein levels of NLRP3， ASC， Caspase-1， uncoupling protein 2 （UCP2）， and thioredoxin-interacting protein （TXNIP）. ResultsCompared with the blank control group， the model group exhibited weight loss （P<0.01）， reduced sucrose preference （P<0.01）， prolonged immobility time in FST and TST （P<0.01）， neuron disarrangement with nuclear pyknosis in hippocampal CA3 region， increased apoptosis in the brain tissue， elevated levels of IL-1β， IL-6， and TNF-α （P<0.01）， declined levels of 5-HT， DA， and BDNF （P<0.01）， increased ROS accumulation （P<0.01）， upregulated mRNA levels of NLRP3， ASC， Caspase-1， IL-1β， and iNOS （P<0.01）， down-regulated protein level of UCP2 （P<0.01）， and up-regulated protein levels of NLRP3， ASC， Caspase-1， and TXNIP （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the interventions restored sucrose preference （P<0.01）， shortened immobility time （P<0.01）， repaired hippocampal neuronal structure， reduced apoptosis， lowered the levels of inflammatory cytokines （P<0.01）， restored the levels of neurotransmitters （P<0.01）， alleviated ROS accumulation （P<0.01）， downregulated the mRNA levels of NLRP3， ASC， Caspase-1， IL-1β， and iNOS （P<0.01）， upregulated the protein level of UCP2 （P<0.01）， and reduced the protein levels of NLRP3， ASC， Caspase-1， and TXNIP （P<0.01）. Moreover， TFCC outperformed Cuscutae Semen decoction in ameliorating depressive behaviors. TFCC excelled in neuronal repair， neurotransmitter regulation， anti-inflammatory effects， and modulation of the UCP2/TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway （P<0.05）. ConclusionTFCC modulates the hippocampal UCP2/TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway to inhibit inflammasome activation， reduce oxidative stress， restore neurotransmitters， thus suppressing neuronal apoptosis and promoting the rearrangement and morphology recovery of hippocampal cells. It outperforms Cuscutae Semen decoction in the antidepressant efficacy.

Objective To construct and evaluate a mouse model of renal fibrosis(RF)combined with Qi deficiency and dampness stasis,and investigate the changes in protein and metabolic pathways using multiomics.Methods Twenty-four C57BL/6J mice were divided randomly into normal(N),model(M),and RF and syndrome combined groups(BZ)(n=8/group).The experiment lasted 6 weeks.A mouse model of RF with Qi deficiency and dampness stasis was established by "cyclosporine A+high-fat diet+swimming exhaustion+constant temperature and humidity".The model was evaluated by detecting general signs,renal function,tongue RGB(red,green,blue)values,hemorheology indexes,blood lipids,and inflammation and oxidation indexes,combined with hematoxylin and eosin,Masson,periodic acid-Schiff,and Oil red O staining,terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling apoptosis,and transforming growth factor-β immunofluorescence analysis of renal tissue.Differential proteins and metabolites were screened by renal proteomics combined with serum metabolomics and subjected to pathway enrichment analysis.Results Body mass of mice in the BZ group began to decline at week 3(P＜0.05)and decreased significantly at week 4(P＜0.01),while food and water consumption decreased,the fur became messy and less glossy,mood and activity decreased,and stools became watery.Serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,urine albumin-creatinine ratio,and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase(NAG)were significantly higher in the BZ group compared with those in the N group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),and serum creatinine and NAG levels were significantly different compared with those in the M group.The R value of tongue images was significantly lower in the BZ group compared with that in the N group(P＜0.01),while the B value was significantly higher(P＜0.05).The viscosity of the whole blood multi-shear rate and the hematocrit were higher in the BZ group compared with those in the N and M groups,and the platelet volume was higher than in the N group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,C-reactive protein,interleukin-6,and malondialdehyde levels were significantly increased in the BZ group compared with those in the N and M groups(P＜0.01),and superoxide dismutase activity was significantly decreased compared with that in the N group(P＜0.05).Renal tubule vacuolation,inflammatory cell infiltration,glomerular basement membrane thickening,collagen fiber hyperplasia,and lipid accumulation were evident,and renal cell apoptosis and transforming growth factor-β deposition were increased in the BZ group.There were 299 differential proteins in the BZ and N groups,including 180 up-regulated and 119 down-regulated proteins,and 323 differential metabolites,including 205 up-regulated and 118 down-regulated.Primary bile acid biosynthesis,taurine and hypotaurine metabolism,and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids were co-enriched in differential proteins and differential metabolites,involving three differential proteins and nine differential metabolites.Among these,docosapentaenoic acid(22n-3),eicosapentaenoic acid,taurine,3-sulfinoalanine,taurocholic acid,Acnat1,Acnat2,and Hsd17b12 showed high prediction accuracy.Conclusions We successfully constructed an RF animal model of Qi deficiency and dampness stasis using the "cyclosporine A+high-fat diet+exhaustion of swimming+constant temperature and humidity" method.Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and taurine and hypotaurine metabolism may play important roles in this RF mouse model of Qi deficiency and dampness stasis.

Objective To establish and evaluate a mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)induced by cigarette smoke(CS).Methods Forty BALB/c mice were divided randomly into a control group and a CS group.Mice in the CS group were subjected to passive smoking for 20 weeks and a COPD model was established.Morphological changes in the organs and lung,heart,liver,and kidney fibrosis were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)and Masson staining.Lung,cardiac,and brain cognitive function were evaluated by pulmonary function testing,small-animal ultrasound,and Morris water maze trials.Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-1β levels in lung and brain tissues were detected by ELISA.Liver and renal functions were measured by biochemical method.Results The alveolar septum was narrowed or broken in mice in the CS group,and the adjacent alveolar cavity was enlarged and fused,consistent with the pathological changes of COPD.Neuronal degeneration and necrosis were observed in the hippocampus,but there were no significant morphological changes in other organs.Masson staining showed no obvious fibrosis in the lung,heart,liver,or kidney in CS-group mice.The result of pulmonary function tests showed that the forced expiratory volume in 0.1 second/forced vital capacity(FEV 0.1/FVC)and dynamic compliance were significantly decreased in the CS group compared with the control group,while airway resistance was obviously increased.Cognitive impairment in mice in the CS group was confirmed in the Morris water maze trial.TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β levels in lung and brain tissues were higher in the CS group compared with the control group.There were no significant differences in cardiac,liver,and renal functions between the groups.Conclusions A mouse model of COPD can be established by CS exposure for 20 weeks.Lung histomorphology,lung function,brain cognitive function,and levels of inflammatory factors can be used as indicators to evaluate the success of the model.

Objective:To investigate the effects of budesonide/formoterol versus budesonide on lung volume and serum miR-146 and interleukin-4 levels in patients with bronchiectasis and asthma. Methods:This study adopted a prospective design. A total of 102 patients with bronchiectasis and asthma who received treatment at the People's Hospital of Tongchuan from October 2021 to August 2024 were included. The patients were randomly divided into a conventional group and an observation group using an envelope method ( n = 51 per group). The conventional group received budesonide inhalation treatment, while the observation group was given budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder. All patients were treated for 15 days. The lung function, lung volume, miR-146 mRNA, interleukin-4 (IL-4), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and eosinophil percentage (EOS%) levels of both groups were measured before and after treatment, and the incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups was statistically analyzed. Results:Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in lung function and lung volume between the two groups (both P > 0.05). After treatment, the forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV 1) /FVC of both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment ( t = 2.54, 16.22, 9.67, 5.75, 29.25, and 16.91, all P < 0.05). Residual volume (RV) and the ratio of RV to total lung capacity (TLC) were significantly lower in both groups after treatment compared with before treatment ( t = 2.24, -2.98, -3.51, -6.79, all P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in TLC in both groups between before and after treatment ( P > 0.05). The observation group had significantly higher FVC [(2.96 ± 0.65) L], PEF [(75.96 ± 6.54) mL/s], and FEV 1/FVC (85.45 ± 6.03) than the conventional group [(2.57 ± 0.61) L, (67.85 ± 6.06) mL/s, (70.86 ± 5.16), t = -3.12, -6.50, -13.13, all P < 0.05]. After treatment, the RV [(2.81 ± 0.32) L] and RV/TLC [(49.13 ± 3.94)] in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the conventional group [(2.95 ± 0.37) L, (52.03 ± 4.16), t = 2.04, 3.62, both P < 0.05]. The difference in TLC between the two groups was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05). Before treatment, there was also no statistically significant difference in miR-146 mRNA levels between the two groups ( P > 0.05). After treatment, miR-146a and miR-146b mRNA levels in both groups were significantly lower compared to their levels before treatment ( t = -9.21, -4.14, -11.02, -7.58, all P < 0.05). In the observation group, the levels of miR-146a mRNA [(1.41 ± 0.26)] and miR-146b mRNA [(1.15 ± 0.26)] after treatment were significantly lower than those in the conventional group [(1.66 ± 0.34), (1.32 ± 0.34), t = 4.17, 2.84, both P < 0.05]. Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in IL-4, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and EOS% between the two groups (all P > 0.05). After treatment, IL-4, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and EOS% levels were significantly lower in both groups compared with before treatment ( t = -6.13, -2.56, -18.57, -23.67, -11.20, -3.83, -20.56, -30.00, all P < 0.05). In the observation group, IL-4 [(234.51 ± 34.03) ng/L], IFN-γ [(214.41 ± 31.54) ng/L], TNF-α [(23.65 ± 10.47) ng/L], and EOS% (2.03 ± 0.33) were significantly lower than those in the conventional group [(265.63 ± 37.51) ng/L], (230.12 ± 36.95) ng/L, (39.69 ± 13.41) ng/L, (2.57 ± 0.51), t = 0.49, 12.39, 6.73, 6.35, all P < 0.05]. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the observation and conventional groups [13.73% (7/51) vs. 7.84% (4/51), χ2 = 0.92, P > 0.05]. Conclusions:Both budesonide/formoterol and budesonide alone can improve lung function and lung volume in patients with bronchiectasis and asthma while reducing levels of miR-146 and IL-4. However, budesonide/formoterol shows superior efficacy.

Objective To construct and evaluate a mouse model of renal fibrosis(RF)combined with Qi deficiency and dampness stasis,and investigate the changes in protein and metabolic pathways using multiomics.Methods Twenty-four C57BL/6J mice were divided randomly into normal(N),model(M),and RF and syndrome combined groups(BZ)(n=8/group).The experiment lasted 6 weeks.A mouse model of RF with Qi deficiency and dampness stasis was established by "cyclosporine A+high-fat diet+swimming exhaustion+constant temperature and humidity".The model was evaluated by detecting general signs,renal function,tongue RGB(red,green,blue)values,hemorheology indexes,blood lipids,and inflammation and oxidation indexes,combined with hematoxylin and eosin,Masson,periodic acid-Schiff,and Oil red O staining,terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling apoptosis,and transforming growth factor-β immunofluorescence analysis of renal tissue.Differential proteins and metabolites were screened by renal proteomics combined with serum metabolomics and subjected to pathway enrichment analysis.Results Body mass of mice in the BZ group began to decline at week 3(P＜0.05)and decreased significantly at week 4(P＜0.01),while food and water consumption decreased,the fur became messy and less glossy,mood and activity decreased,and stools became watery.Serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,urine albumin-creatinine ratio,and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase(NAG)were significantly higher in the BZ group compared with those in the N group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),and serum creatinine and NAG levels were significantly different compared with those in the M group.The R value of tongue images was significantly lower in the BZ group compared with that in the N group(P＜0.01),while the B value was significantly higher(P＜0.05).The viscosity of the whole blood multi-shear rate and the hematocrit were higher in the BZ group compared with those in the N and M groups,and the platelet volume was higher than in the N group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,C-reactive protein,interleukin-6,and malondialdehyde levels were significantly increased in the BZ group compared with those in the N and M groups(P＜0.01),and superoxide dismutase activity was significantly decreased compared with that in the N group(P＜0.05).Renal tubule vacuolation,inflammatory cell infiltration,glomerular basement membrane thickening,collagen fiber hyperplasia,and lipid accumulation were evident,and renal cell apoptosis and transforming growth factor-β deposition were increased in the BZ group.There were 299 differential proteins in the BZ and N groups,including 180 up-regulated and 119 down-regulated proteins,and 323 differential metabolites,including 205 up-regulated and 118 down-regulated.Primary bile acid biosynthesis,taurine and hypotaurine metabolism,and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids were co-enriched in differential proteins and differential metabolites,involving three differential proteins and nine differential metabolites.Among these,docosapentaenoic acid(22n-3),eicosapentaenoic acid,taurine,3-sulfinoalanine,taurocholic acid,Acnat1,Acnat2,and Hsd17b12 showed high prediction accuracy.Conclusions We successfully constructed an RF animal model of Qi deficiency and dampness stasis using the "cyclosporine A+high-fat diet+exhaustion of swimming+constant temperature and humidity" method.Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and taurine and hypotaurine metabolism may play important roles in this RF mouse model of Qi deficiency and dampness stasis.

Objective To establish and evaluate a mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)induced by cigarette smoke(CS).Methods Forty BALB/c mice were divided randomly into a control group and a CS group.Mice in the CS group were subjected to passive smoking for 20 weeks and a COPD model was established.Morphological changes in the organs and lung,heart,liver,and kidney fibrosis were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)and Masson staining.Lung,cardiac,and brain cognitive function were evaluated by pulmonary function testing,small-animal ultrasound,and Morris water maze trials.Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-1β levels in lung and brain tissues were detected by ELISA.Liver and renal functions were measured by biochemical method.Results The alveolar septum was narrowed or broken in mice in the CS group,and the adjacent alveolar cavity was enlarged and fused,consistent with the pathological changes of COPD.Neuronal degeneration and necrosis were observed in the hippocampus,but there were no significant morphological changes in other organs.Masson staining showed no obvious fibrosis in the lung,heart,liver,or kidney in CS-group mice.The result of pulmonary function tests showed that the forced expiratory volume in 0.1 second/forced vital capacity(FEV 0.1/FVC)and dynamic compliance were significantly decreased in the CS group compared with the control group,while airway resistance was obviously increased.Cognitive impairment in mice in the CS group was confirmed in the Morris water maze trial.TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1β levels in lung and brain tissues were higher in the CS group compared with the control group.There were no significant differences in cardiac,liver,and renal functions between the groups.Conclusions A mouse model of COPD can be established by CS exposure for 20 weeks.Lung histomorphology,lung function,brain cognitive function,and levels of inflammatory factors can be used as indicators to evaluate the success of the model.

Objective:To investigate the effects of budesonide/formoterol versus budesonide on lung volume and serum miR-146 and interleukin-4 levels in patients with bronchiectasis and asthma. Methods:This study adopted a prospective design. A total of 102 patients with bronchiectasis and asthma who received treatment at the People's Hospital of Tongchuan from October 2021 to August 2024 were included. The patients were randomly divided into a conventional group and an observation group using an envelope method ( n = 51 per group). The conventional group received budesonide inhalation treatment, while the observation group was given budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder. All patients were treated for 15 days. The lung function, lung volume, miR-146 mRNA, interleukin-4 (IL-4), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and eosinophil percentage (EOS%) levels of both groups were measured before and after treatment, and the incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups was statistically analyzed. Results:Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in lung function and lung volume between the two groups (both P > 0.05). After treatment, the forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV 1) /FVC of both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment ( t = 2.54, 16.22, 9.67, 5.75, 29.25, and 16.91, all P < 0.05). Residual volume (RV) and the ratio of RV to total lung capacity (TLC) were significantly lower in both groups after treatment compared with before treatment ( t = 2.24, -2.98, -3.51, -6.79, all P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in TLC in both groups between before and after treatment ( P > 0.05). The observation group had significantly higher FVC [(2.96 ± 0.65) L], PEF [(75.96 ± 6.54) mL/s], and FEV 1/FVC (85.45 ± 6.03) than the conventional group [(2.57 ± 0.61) L, (67.85 ± 6.06) mL/s, (70.86 ± 5.16), t = -3.12, -6.50, -13.13, all P < 0.05]. After treatment, the RV [(2.81 ± 0.32) L] and RV/TLC [(49.13 ± 3.94)] in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the conventional group [(2.95 ± 0.37) L, (52.03 ± 4.16), t = 2.04, 3.62, both P < 0.05]. The difference in TLC between the two groups was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05). Before treatment, there was also no statistically significant difference in miR-146 mRNA levels between the two groups ( P > 0.05). After treatment, miR-146a and miR-146b mRNA levels in both groups were significantly lower compared to their levels before treatment ( t = -9.21, -4.14, -11.02, -7.58, all P < 0.05). In the observation group, the levels of miR-146a mRNA [(1.41 ± 0.26)] and miR-146b mRNA [(1.15 ± 0.26)] after treatment were significantly lower than those in the conventional group [(1.66 ± 0.34), (1.32 ± 0.34), t = 4.17, 2.84, both P < 0.05]. Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in IL-4, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and EOS% between the two groups (all P > 0.05). After treatment, IL-4, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and EOS% levels were significantly lower in both groups compared with before treatment ( t = -6.13, -2.56, -18.57, -23.67, -11.20, -3.83, -20.56, -30.00, all P < 0.05). In the observation group, IL-4 [(234.51 ± 34.03) ng/L], IFN-γ [(214.41 ± 31.54) ng/L], TNF-α [(23.65 ± 10.47) ng/L], and EOS% (2.03 ± 0.33) were significantly lower than those in the conventional group [(265.63 ± 37.51) ng/L], (230.12 ± 36.95) ng/L, (39.69 ± 13.41) ng/L, (2.57 ± 0.51), t = 0.49, 12.39, 6.73, 6.35, all P < 0.05]. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the observation and conventional groups [13.73% (7/51) vs. 7.84% (4/51), χ2 = 0.92, P > 0.05]. Conclusions:Both budesonide/formoterol and budesonide alone can improve lung function and lung volume in patients with bronchiectasis and asthma while reducing levels of miR-146 and IL-4. However, budesonide/formoterol shows superior efficacy.

Hereditary breast cancer(HBC)is one of the important subtypes of breast cancer(BC),primarily characterized by mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes.Accurate identification of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers remains a significant clinical challenge.Traditional genetic testing methods for BRCA1/2 mutations are often expensive and complex.In recent years,advancements in radiomics and artificial intelligence(AI)have opened new avenues for non-invasive prediction of BRCA1/2 mutations.This review summarized the current research progresses in utilizing radiomics and AI for screening and predicting of BRCA1/2-related HBC.