Objective To explore the mutation in corel β3-galactosyl-transferase specific molecular chaperone(Cosmc、no-coding region and it's effects on the transcription level of Cosmc in Tn antigen positive tumor cells.Methods The Tn antigen positive(Tn+)and negative(Tn-)cells were separated from tumor tissues by immune magnetic bead,then the genomic DNA(gDNA),total RNA were prepared by Qiagen AllPrep DNA/RNA mini kit. In these cells.the transcription levels of T-synthase and Cosmc mRNA were tested by RT-PCR.the DNA of Cosmc non-coding region was amplified by PCR,the mutation in Cosmc non-coding region were further detected by sequencing.Results There are no mutation appearing in Tn-cells,one or more mosaic sequence allele appearing in portion of patient's Tn-cells.Almost of the Tn+cells which separated from tumor tissues and Jurkat T cell exists mutation.but the mutation style and mutation point were not saine in different tumor.Thtee patient's Tn+cells have loss of hetemzygosity(LOH),four patient's Tn+cells and Jurkat T cell have point mutation.Although no difference of transcription level of T-synthase mRNA in Tn+ and Tn-cells.but the transcription level of Cosmc mRNA in Tn+ cell was much lower than that in Tn-cell.The ratio of T-synthase/Cosmc mRNA in Tn+ tumor cells was hiigher than that in Tn-cell.Conclusion The tumor Tn antigen arise from mutation in Cosmc non-coding region maybe result from transcription level decreased of Cosmc mRNA.

Objective To analyze MRI features and diagnostic value in adenomyosis.Methods Clinical and MRI data of 31 cases of adenomyosis confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed.Turbo FSE T2WI,SE T1WI,and sagittal Turbo FSE T2WI examination were performed in all cases,10 of them were added to anatomic and sagittal fat-suppression(FS) T2WI scan.MR features of adenomyosis were analysed.Results In 19 cases of diffuse uterine adenomyosis,11 cases mainly showed diffusely thichened junctional zone of posterior wall.12 cases were focal uterine adenomyosis,the lesions located at posterior wall in 7 cases,front wall in 4 cases and bottom part in 1 case.28 cases displayed hypointensive masses like the intensity of junctional zone on T2WI and vesicular hyperintensive foci were found within the hypointensive lesions.The lesions in 21 cases were similar to that of myometrium on T1WI,9 of them displayed vesicular hyperintensive foci.Focal round-like junctional zone low signal intensity lesion in myometrial layer was found in 3 cases.Conclusion MRI can clearly determine the size and site of adenomyosis.FS is the valuable examination way.

Objective To observe the changes of cardiac rhythms in a swine model of adult asphyxia! cardiac arrest. Method Sixteen Pigs were aphyxiated by endotracheal tube clamping until 8 min after loss of aortic pulsations. Resuscitation was then provided and swinds were assigned to received 0.045 mg/kg epinephrine intravenously after 3 min of basic life support. The animals with restoration of spontaneous circulation within 20 min from CPR were defined as successfully resuscitated, while the rest were identified as unresuscitation. Electrocardiogram ( EGG) were monitored from the start of asphyxia to the start of the CPR. Results When loss of pulsations occurred, 2 of 16 animals had ventricular fibrillation; 10 pigs exhibited pulseless electrical activity, and 4 pigs had asystole. During the 8 min after the loss of aortic pulsations, pulseless electrical activity converted to VF in 7 pigs. Immidiatedly prior to resuscitation, VF occurred in 9 pigs, asystole in 4 pigs, and PEA in 3 pigs. Conclusions Most of animals in this swine model of asphyxial cardiac arrest presented PEA, but most of them converted to VF especially late in the asphyxial process.

acts was much lower than that in Tn-cell.Conclusion The expression of Tn,STn,T and ST antigen in gastric carcinoma tissues of different TNM stages is different.Tn antigen expression in tumor cells may be caused by the decrease of T-Synthase activity.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and attitude of smoking and its influencing factors among residents in Hongkou District of Shanghai, so as to provide evidence for tobacco control. Methods Nine hundred and sixty residents in Hongkou District of Shanghai aged 15 to 69 years were selected by multi-level random sampling, among whom 958 completed the investigations on smoking status. Results The smoking rate and standardized smoking rate were 20. 04% and 18. 73%, respectively. The smoking rate and standardized smoking rate of males were 41.05% and 30.07%, and those of females were 0. 80% and 1. 70% , respectively. The smoking rate of males was higher than that of females (RR = 0.02, 95% CI: 0.01 -0.03). The smoking rates of age groups of 25 years old and over were higher than those of 15 to 24 years old, and the smoking rate of subjects with or above junior college education was lower than that of subjects with or below middle school education (RR=0.45, 95% CI: 0.25 -0.79). Subjects who drank alcohol smoked more than those did not (RR = 2. 68, 95% CI: 1. 76 - 4.09). Lower annual per capita income and higher knowledge on smoking hazard led to more tendance to object to smoking and agree with anti-smoking. Conclusion The prevalence of smoking of residents aged 15 to 69 years in Hongkou District of Shanghai was relatively lower. Age, gender, education status and alcohol drinking were influencing factors of smoking. Education on tobacco control among subjects aged more than 35 years should be strengthened, and more attention should be paid to those with lower education. Besides, education on alcohol control should be managed together with tobacco control.

Objective To study the effect of tea polyphenols (TP) on c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2) phosphorylation and cell apoptosis in brain tissues in rats with cardiac arrest (CA) following cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Methods Healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham group (n = 6), CA group (n = 12), and TP group (n = 12). The rats in CA and TP groups were induced ventricular fibrillation (VF) via esophagus stimulation with alternating current. Five minutes after CA, CPR was performed. Once restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was gained, normal saline (NS) and TP were injected intravenously in CA and TP groups with 10 mg/kg, respectively. Cortex of 6 rats in each group was harvested at 12 hours and 72 hours after ROSC. Cortex of sham group was harvested at 72 hours after operation without VF induction. The expressions of phosphorylated JNK1/2 (p-JNK1/2), JNK1/2, caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 were measured by Western Blot. Cell apoptosis was detected by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), and p-JNK/TUNEL double positive cells were detected by fluorescence double staining. Results Compared with sham group, the expressions of p-JNK, caspase-3 and Bax were increased, the expression of Bcl-2 was declined, and the apoptotic cells were significantly increased at 72 hours after ROSC in CA group. Compared with CA group, the phosphorylation of JNK was significantly declined at 12 hours and 72 hours after ROSC in TP group (the ratio of p-JNK1/2 and JNK1/2: 3.200±0.060 vs. 5.700±0.210, 1.400±0.060 vs. 5.400±0.090, both P < 0.05), the expressions of caspase-3 and Bax were decreased [caspase-3 (gray value): 42.00±5.23 vs. 54.00±7.84, 38.74±4.60 vs. 58.68±7.19; Bax (gray value): 38.04±6.21 vs. 68.76±6.08, 58.84±7.99 vs. 70.03±7.36, all P < 0.05], the expression of Bcl-2 was increased (gray value: 37.36±3.11 vs. 28.47±7.46, 48.78±6.55 vs. 29.54±3.13, both P <0.05); the cell apoptosis rate was reduced at 72 hours [(31.14±4.51)% vs. (45.87±3.95)%, P < 0.01], and p-JNK/TUNEL double positive cells/TUNEL cells ratio was significantly decreased (10.00±0.85 vs. 52.70±3.05, P < 0.01).Conclusion The inhibition of neuron apoptosis caused by TP after CPR in rats with CA is related to the inhibition of JNK1/2 phosphorylation.

Objective: To choose the corresponding teaching methods according to different teaching stage in the teaching of pathology for five-year clinical students, and to analyze the difference of teaching effects between staged-teaching and traditional teaching. Methods: Students were randomly divided into two groups, with 112 in the experimental group and 118 in the control group. Considering that the teaching content in the experimental group contained the general introduction and different sections and students might experience stages such as "knowledge memorizing", "pathology-clinical connection" and "knowledge application", so presentation, assimilation and discussion class (PAD class), blending teaching and flipped classroom were adopted respectively. Examination scores and questionnaire survey were used to evaluate the difference between two teaching ways. SPSS 19.0 was used for data analysis, and t-test and chi-square test were used for inter-group comparison. Results: The pathological average score of students in the experimental group was (78.56±7.172), which was higher than (72.53±8.539) in the control group, with statistically significant difference (t=5.809, P=0.000). According to the questionnaire survey, the teaching effects using different teaching methods in different stages in the experimental group was superior than that in the control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.01). Conclusion Using different teaching methods in different stages is beneficial to guide students for truly comprehending the knowledge, applicating appropriate learning methods, and gradually forming their self-learning ability.

OBJECTIVEGene therapy has been becoming one of the most attractive medical areas. But the using of gene therapy in plastic surgery is relatively scarce. Our purpose was to investigate the effect of naked plasmid encoding Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor on the viability of the random skin flap by directly injected subcutaneously.

METHODS30 female Sprague-Dawley rats randomly divided into three groups. A random dorsal skin flap of 3 cm x 9 cm was elevated in each of the rats. And 1 ml double-distilled water solution was injected subcutaneously, which was only water in group 1 during the operation, 200 micrograms VEGF cDNA plasmid in group 2 during the operation, 200 micrograms pcDNA3.1/zeo(+)--VEGF in group 3, 24 hours before the operation, respectively. 7 days after the operation, all the animals were sacrificed by overdose anesthetic. The survival tissue was measured with planimetry. Two samples were harvested from each group for pathological check and immunohistochemical test.

RESULTSImmunohistochemical staining demonstrated that there was human VEGF deposited around the capillary in the flaps treated with VEGF gene. The flaps treated with VEGF gene had a larger percentage of survival skin (group 1 = 47% +/- 5.4%, group 2 = 65.4% +/- 6.3%, group 3 = 72.3% +/- 8.5%, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONVEGF gene directly injected into subcutaneous can express VEGF. It makes the gene therapy simple and practical and will be promising future in the tissue transplantation.

Animals ; Endothelial Growth Factors ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Therapy ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Lymphokines ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Surgical Flaps ; physiology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors

Objective To summarize the diagnostic and therapeutic experiences for multiple insulinoma. Methods Clinical data of 34 cKsefl of multiple insulinoma treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 1984 and 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Multiple insulinoma was identified in these 34 cases for 37 instances.Malignant insulinoma was found in 2 cases.Three cases suffered from postoperative recurrent multipie tumors.35.3% cases belonged to MEN1;13.5% cases were of insulinoma combined with islet hyperplasia;43.2% cases had 3 or more than 3 insulinomas;Fifteen cases (40.5%)had had a misdiagnosis.45.2%tumors were smaller than 1 cm in diameter:88.9%multiple insulinonla located at the body and tail of the pancreas.Enucleation of multiple tumors was performed for 48.7 percent of cases. Conclusions Most multiple insulinomas were small,it was difficult for preoperative examination to locate all the tumors therefore.Being on the alert against multiple insulinoma and such measures as careful exploration,intraoperative blood glucose determination.fine needle aspiration biopsy,frozen sections helps to avoid missing multiple imuhnoma.

OBJECTIVETo summarize clinical experiences in fat particle injection auto-transplantation during the past ten years.

METHODSRetrospective analysis of 334 cases of fat particle injection auto-transplantation was done, and we suggested the correct method of liposuction and fat injection.

RESULTSIn this series, one patient (0.29%) had a complication, thirty one patients (9.38%) had lower survival of autogenous fat-transplantation.

CONCLUSIONIn order to improve the results of fat-grafting, we must adopt the correct method of liposuction and follow the right rules.

Adipocytes ; transplantation ; Breast Implantation ; Face ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Injections ; Lipectomy ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplantation, Autologous