Objective:To investigate the status of clinical nurses′ professional identity, structural empowerment and psychological empowerment, analyze the correlation between professional identity and structural empowerment and psychological empowerment, and establish a multiple stepwise regression model to discuss the dependence between professional identity and structural empowerment and psychological empowerment in clinical nurses.Methods:A total of 1 008 clinical nurses from Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University were selected as the subject by using the convenience sampling method. The General Information Questionnaire, Professional Identity Scale, Conditions of Work Effectiveness Scale, and Psychological Empowerment Scale were used to questionnaire.Results:The professional identity of nurses was at medium level (104.49±19.54), the total scores of structural and psychological empowerment of nurses were 60.09±13.49 and 42.59±7.31. Correlation analysis showed that the total score of professional identity of clinical nurses was positively correlated with the total score of structural empowerment, psychological empowerment and theirs dimensions ( r values were 0.436-0.715, P<0.01). Multivariate stepwise regression results showed that the nurse working years, health status self-assessment, formal empowerment, informal empowerment, work meaning, self-efficacy, work influence was the main influencing factors of nurses professional identity, which explained 60.5% of the total variation. Conclusions:Nursing managers should focus on the professional identity of clinical nurses, by optimizing the management organizational structure and pay attention to the perception of empowerment behavior to improve the comprehensive empowerment level, so as to enhance the professional identity of nurses.

Objective:To explore the incidence and degree of compassion fatigue in clinical nurses, and the effects of psychological empowerment on nurses' compassion fatigue level.Methods:A total of 1 005 clinical nurses were investigated with the general information, Chinese version of Professional Quality of Life Scale, Psychological Empowerment Scale. And the relationship between different degrees of compassion fatigue and psychological empowerment were analyzed by ordinal regression analysis.Results:The incidence of sympathetic fatigue was 93.0%,(935/1 005), mild was 53.8%(541/1 005), medium was 22.7%(228/1 005), severe was 16.5%(166/1 005). The score of Chinese version of Professional Quality of Life Scale three dimensions: compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress of clinical nurses were 34.15±5.53, 23.96±5.10, 23.73±5.92. The degree of compassion fatigue was negatively correlated with psychological empowerment score and score of each dimension( r values were 0.094-0.468, all P<0.05). The ordinal regression analysis indicated that job impact(odds ratio(OR) value was 1.095, 95% credible interval( CI) 0.094-0.236, P<0.01), self-efficacy( OR value was 0.920, 95% CI 0.250-0.054 , P<0.01) and job meaning( OR value was 0.820, 95% CI 0.431-0.240, P<0.01) were the independent risk factor of compassion fatigue level. Conclusions:The nurses mainly showed mild compassion fatigue, and main manifestation is secondary traumatic stress. The nurses who had more higher job impact scores were more likely to report higher levels of empathy fatigue, while nurses who had higher job meaning and self-efficacy scores were more likely to have low levels of empathy fatigue. Therefore, it is suggested that nursing managers should carry out timely intervention and management in accordance with the different level of compassion fatigue:improve nurses' perception of work meaning and self-efficacy, and avoid increasing workload while paying attention to the influence of work on perception level.

Objective: To understand the status quo and correlation between problem solving ability and positive mental capital of nursing undergraduates. Methods: A total of 238 nursing undergraduate were investigated with the Problem Solving Scale and the Positive Mental Capital Scale. Results: In terms of each dimension in Problem Solving Ability Inventory, the scores from high to low respectively were rational problem solving, positive problem orientation, avoidance style, negative problem orientation, impulsivity/carelessness style, the total score of positive mental capital was 125.24±17.71. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that self-efficacy, hope explained for 29.4% of positive problem orientation variation and 15.4% of explaining rational problem solving variation. Resiliency, self-efficacy explain for 35.8% of the negative problem orientation variation. Hoped, resiliency explained for 9% of impulsive/carelessness style variation and 21.8% of avoidance style variation. Conclusions The problem solving ability of nursing undergraduates was weak, which was closely related to positive psychological capital, and can improve the overall problem solving ability of nursing students by improving their self-efficacy, hope and resiliency.