Triatoma rubrofasciata is a wide-spread vector of Chagas disease in Americas. In this study, we completed the mitochondrial genome sequencing of T. rubrofasciata. The total length of T. rubrofasciata mitochondrial genome was 17,150 bp with the base composition of 40.4% A, 11.6% G, 29.4% T and 18.6% C. It included 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes and one control region. We constructed a phylogenetic tree on the 13 protein-coding genes of T. rubrofasciata and other 13 closely related species to show their phylogenic relationship. The determination of T. rubrofasciata mitogenome would play an important role in understanding the genetic diversity and evolution of triatomine bugs.
Americas ; Base Composition ; Chagas Disease ; Genes, rRNA ; Genetic Variation ; Genome, Mitochondrial ; Phylogeny ; RNA, Transfer ; Trees ; Triatoma

Objective To clarify the necessity of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM ) of voriconazole ,and give relevant clinical tips ,by comparing the plasma concentration of different clinical specialties before and after adjustment of dose .Methods This is a retrospective study of voriconazole TDM data .It involves 435 cases voriconazole plasma trough concentration meas-urement results of 154 inpatients to make a preliminary assessment .Results 4 .3% plasma concentration were higher than 5 .5 μg/ml ,26 .5% plasma concentration were less than 1 .0 μg/ml in renal transplantation department ;while 52 .3% plasma concentration were higher than 5 .5 μg/ml ,no less than 1 .0 μg/ml in infectious disease department .Conclusions Therapeutic drug monitoring is necessary for rational use of voriconazole .The majority of plasma concentrations in renal transplantation pa-tients were <1 .0 μg/ml ,lower than recommended treatment concentration range ;while most infectious disease patients have> 5 .5 μg/ml ,higher than recommended treatment concentration range .Clinical pharmacists can be more closely involved in the clinical use of voriconazole based on the results of the therapeutic drug monitoring .

Objective To analysis the effectiveness and cost of Internet-based anticoagulation clinic versus traditional anticoagulation clinic treatment at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods We reviewed and analyzed the clinical data of patients receiving anticoagulation management through Internet-based outpatient care and traditional outpatient care in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital,from June 1,2020 to June 30,2021.Variability in time in therapeutic range(TTR)and international normalized ratio(INR)were calculated for enrolled patients.Patients meeting TTR≥60%and INR variability<0.65 were considered optimal anticoagulation quality.Cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted from the patients'perspective,with results expressed using the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio(ICER).Results In the"Internet-based anticoagulation outpatient care"and"traditional face-to-face anticoagulation outpatient care"groups,19 individuals(67.86%)and 67 individuals(76.14%)met the criteria for optimal anticoagulation quality,respectively.The mean TTR was(71.83±19.17)%in the Internet-based group and(71.74±23.41)%in the traditional face-to-face group,indicating similar levels of warfarin anticoagulation quality between the two groups.The ICER was calculated as 327.17 yuan,less than the per capita gross domestic product(GDP)of 2021.Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic,Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital's Internet-based anticoagulation outpatient care effectively complemented the government's epidemic control policies.It ensured equivalent anticoagulation outcomes and significantly reduced patients'financial burdens.This approach offers new insights and guidance for optimizing healthcare services in the post-pandemic era.

Background Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type II (PTPN2) is essential for the regulation of inflammation and immunity, but the specific mechanism of action of Ptpn2 in silicosis is unknown. Objective To investigate the regulatory role of overexpression of Ptpn2 in SiO₂-mediated inflammatory response in alveolar type II epithelial cells based on transcriptome sequencing. Methods This study was an in vitro study. A negative control group (vector transferred) and an overexpression of Ptpn2 group of mouse lung epithelial cell line MLE-12 cells were firstly constructed. Transcriptome sequencing was performed to detect differentially expressed genes (DEGs), differentially expressed mRNAs, and differentially expressed ncRNAs in the two groups of MLE-12 cells, and then the DEGs were analyzed by the Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Constructed MLE-12 cells and A549 cells were stimulated using SiO₂ suspension, and divided into a negative control group (vector transferred), an overexpression of Ptpn2 group, a negative control + SiO₂ group, and an overexpression of Ptpn2 + SiO₂ group, respectively. Protein expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-2, IL-1β were detected by Western blot. Positive TNF-α expression was detected by immunofluorescence staining. Results The results of Western blot showed that the protein expression level of PTPN2 was up-regulated in the overexpressed Ptpn2 group compared with the negative control group (P < 0.05). The volcano plot and clustering heat map showed that there were 1122 DEGs, 3681 differentially expressed mRNAs, and 474 differentially expressed ncRNAs in the overexpressed Ptpn2 group compared with the negative control group. The results of GO enrichment showed that, in terms of the biological process, the DEGs were mainly related to the regulation of metal ion transport, extracellular matrix organization, and extracellular structural organization; in terms of cellular composition, the DEGs were mainly related to collagen-containing extracellular matrix, receptor complexes, and basement membranes; in terms of molecular function, the DEGs were mainly related to the extracellular matrix structural constituents, glycosaminoglycan binding, and semaphorin receptor binding. The results of KEGG enrichment showed that the DEGs were closely related to cytokin-cytokine receptor interaction, IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and chemokine signaling pathway. In MLE-12 and A549 cells, the results of Western blot showed that the protein expression levels of TNF-α , IL-17A, IL-2, and IL-1β were up-regulated in the negative control + SiO₂ group compared with the negative control group (P < 0.05), and the protein expression levels of TNF-α, IL-17A, IL-2, and IL-1β were down-regulated in the overexpression of Ptpn2 + SiO₂ group compared with the negative control + SiO₂ group (P < 0.05). The immunofluorescence staining showed that the expression of TNF-α was increased in the negative control + SiO₂ group compared with the negative control group, and decreased in the overexpression of Ptpn2 + SiO₂ group compared with the negative control + SiO₂ group. Conclusion Overexpression of Ptpn2 inhibits SiO₂-mediated inflammatory response in MLE-12 cells and A549 cells.

Lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is one of the main complications in patients with traumatic fractures, and for severe patients, the DVT can even affect arterial blood supply, resulting in insufficient limb blood supply. If the thrombus breaks off, pulmonary embolism may occur, with a high mortality. The treatment and rehabilitation strategies of thrombosis in patients with lower extremity fractures have its particularity. DVT in traumatic fractures patients has attracted extensive attention and been largely studied, and the measures for prevention and treatment of DVT are constantly developing. In recent years, a series of thrombosis prevention and treatment guidelines have been updated at home and abroad, but there are still many doubts about the prevention and treatment of DVT in patients with different traumatic fractures. Accordingly, on the basis of summarizing the latest evidence-based medical evidence at home and abroad and the clinical experience of the majority of experts, the authors summarize the clinical treatment and prevention protocols for DVT in patients with traumatic fractures, and make this consensus on the examination and assessment, treatment, prevention and preventive measures for DVT in patients with different fractures so as to provide a practicable approach suitable for China ′s national conditions and improve the prognosis and the life quality of patients.

Objective : To analyze the expression and immune infiltration levels of the BMP7 gene ( BMP7) in e- sophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) ． Methods : Initially，in 274 cases of ESCC and 242 cases of normal tissues，the level of BMP7 was verified by immunohistochemistry ，and the relationship between the expression difference and the survival cycle and clinical pathological characteristics of patients with ESCC was explored，and BMP7 overexpression plasmid transfection of ESCC cells was established，and the effect of BMP7 on the biological behavior of ESCC cells was examined by CCK-8，Clone，and Transwell. Results : BMP7 expression in normal e- sophageal tissues was higher than that of ESCC(P＜0. 001) ，the expression level of BMP7 was correlated with the degree of differentiation of patients(P = 0. 006) and TNM staging(P ＜0. 001) ，and the survival of patients with high expression of BMP7 exceeded that of patients with low BMP7 (P = 0. 041) ，and the experiments of CCK-8 and Clone showed that the proliferation effect of cells in the overexpressed BMP7 group was lower than that of the control group．Transwell experiments confirmed that the cell invasion migration capacity of the overexpressed BMP7 group was less than that of the control one．The immune infiltration results showed that BMP7 was positively correlated with macrophages(P = 0. 008) and negatively correlated with γ-δT cells(P = 0. 028) ． Conclusion BMP7 is low in ESCC and associated with poor prognosis and immune infiltration levels in patients.

Mandibular defects caused by injuries, tumors, and infections are common and can severely affect mandibular function and the patient's appearance. However, mandible reconstruction with a mandibular bionic structure remains challenging. Inspired by the process of intramembranous ossification in mandibular development, a hierarchical vascularized engineered bone consisting of angiogenesis and osteogenesis modules has been produced. Moreover, the hierarchical vascular network and bone structure generated by these hierarchical vascularized engineered bone modules match the particular anatomical structure of the mandible. The ultra-tough polyion complex has been used as the basic scaffold for hierarchical vascularized engineered bone for ensuring better reconstruction of mandible function. According to the results of in vivo experiments, the bone regenerated using hierarchical vascularized engineered bone is similar to the natural mandibular bone in terms of morphology and genomics. The sonic hedgehog signaling pathway is specifically activated in hierarchical vascularized engineered bone, indicating that the new bone in hierarchical vascularized engineered bone underwent a process of intramembranous ossification identical to that of mandible development. Thus, hierarchical vascularized engineered bone has a high potential for clinical application in mandibular defect reconstruction. Moreover, the concept based on developmental processes and bionic structures provides an effective strategy for tissue regeneration.
Bone Regeneration ; Bone Transplantation/methods* ; Hedgehog Proteins ; Humans ; Mandible/surgery* ; Osteogenesis