Objective · To observe the effects of custom made fiber posts on the fracture resistance of young permanent teeth treated with calcium hydroxide for different time. Methods · Forty-five extracted human young permanent teeth (premolar) were selected and randomly assigned to 9 groups.One group was the control group and the rest 8 groups were treated with conventional root canal preparation. Of these 8 groups, 4 groups (F Ⅰ , F Ⅲ , F Ⅵ ,FⅨ ) were restored by custom made fiber posts after being treated with calcium hydroxide for 1, 3, 6, and 9 months respectively, and other 4 groups (C Ⅰ ,CⅢ , C Ⅵ , C Ⅸ ) were not restored by custom made fiber posts. All samples underwent fracture strength tests and their fracture modes were analyzed for the possibility of second repair. Results · The fracture load was decreased with the treatment time after being treated with calcium hydroxide for 1 month (P<0.01). The fracture loads in groups restored by custom made fiber posts were increased after being treated with calcium hydroxide for 6 and 9 months (P<0.05, P<0.01). After being treated with calcium hydroxide for 1 month, groups restored by custom made fiber posts were likely to have fracture modes that facilitate the second repair as compared with groups not restored by custom made fiber posts (P<0.05). Conclusion · The restoration by custom made fiber posts can increase the fracture resistance of young permanent teeth treated with calcium hydroxide for medium and long term ( ≥ 1 month).

Objective: To explore the feasibility of SWI in evaluating abnormal β-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition in hippocampus of rabbits with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Totally 15 rabbits were randomly divided into T2DM group (n=10) and control group (n=5). In T2DM group, streptozotocin was given to establish T2DM model, while rabbits in control group were given conventional feeding. MR scanning were performed at the end of the 2nd, 4th and 10th week after successful modeling (n=7), and SWI phase values in the right hippocampus were obtained. At the end of the 10th week, the right hippocampal tissue of the two groups of rabbits were taken for immunohistochemical staining of Aβ1-42, and the average optical density of Aβ1-42 was measured. The correlation between the average optical density of Aβ1-42 and the phase value was analyzed. Results: The phase values in right hippocampus of both groups decreased gradually. The phase values of T2DM group were lower than that of control group at 2nd, 4th and 10th week each time, while statistically significant difference was only observed at the end of the 10th week (P<0.01). The mean optical density of Aβ1-42 in right hippocampus of T2DM group was higher than that of control group (P<0.01). Correlation analysis showed negative correlation between phase value and Aβ1-42 experssion in right hippocampus of T2DM rabbits (r=-0.88, P<0.01). Conclusion: SWI can reflect abnormal deposition of Aβ in brain of T2DM rabbit models.

Objective:To review the experience of closure of the left-main-bronchial stump fistula using endoscopic liner cutter staplers through the right thoracic approach and I stage or staged treatment for the left pyothorax.Methods:6 patients with the left-main-bronchial stump fistula after left pneumonectomy combined with pyothorax were treated by closing the left-main-bronchial stump using endoscopic liner cutter staplers through the right thoracic approach, and pleura was used to cover the distal and proximal incisional margin of the stump respectively. The thoracic T-tube drainage was used in the I stage or staged treatment for the left pyothorax.Results:All patients were survived without recurrence of the bronchopleural fistula. 4 patients were observed to have no recurrence of pyothorax when 1 patient had recurrence of pyothorax and was treated with intermittent T-tube drainage.1 patient operated with left-thoracic fenestration in the past was treated with drainage waiting for secondary operation.Conclusion:The right thoracic approach seemed to be a safer and more effective method than the transsternal transpericardial approach in cases with the left-main-bronchial stump fistula combined with pyothorax. The use of endoscopic liner cutter staplers reduced the risk of bleeding, infection and recurrence of fistula. The T-tube drainage in the I stage or staged treatment for the left pyothorax was considered to be an easier way for treatment.

Sino-foreign cooperative education not only introduces foreign teachers and curriculums, but also brings new teaching concepts, teaching methods, and the training of teachers. With the example of rehabilitation treatment in the national first-class undergraduate specialty construction site of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, this study discusses the talent training mode of Sino-foreign cooperative education from the five aspects of professional system, discipline characteristics, curriculum system, teaching methods, and evaluation methods. The mode of Sino-foreign cooperative education provides a reference for the development of modern rehabilitation higher education.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and offer diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for adult-onset idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism(AIHH).Methods:Clinical, laboratory, and imaging data, as well as follow-up information, of three male patients diagnosed with AIHH at the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, were systematically reviewed and analyzed.Results:All three patients were male, with a median age of 39 years(range, 22 to 40). Two patients reported symptoms of enlarged breasts and reduced sexual function, while one case solely reported a decline in sexual function. Physical examination showed that the median length of the penis was 6 cm(range, 5 to 6 cm), and the bilateral testicular volume was 7.96 mL(4.70-8.82 mL). Basal hormone levels at the time of initial visit to our hospital as follows: the median testosterone level was 0.32 ng/mL(0.24-2.96 ng/mL), median follicle stimulating hormone(FSH) level was 0.56 mIU/mL(0.1-0.75 mIU/mL), and the median luteinizing hormone(LH) level was 0.69 mIU/mL(0.1-1.03 mIU/mL). The levels of other hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland were normal. Hypothalamic-pituitary magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) showed that 1 patient had a pituitary microadenoma. Three patients were treated with pulsatile GnRH or gonadotropins, one of which had hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal(HPG) axis function reversal after GnRH pulse pump therapy and lasted for 1 year, but then still had irreversible reduction.Conclusion:AIHH is marked by adult-onset disease and idiopathic hypogonadism. Enhancing fertility remains a critical requirement for these patients. Pulsatile GnRH treatment or gonadotropin therapy, as viable treatments, exhibit therapeutic effects, albeit with occasional fluctuations. Therefore, the emphasis lies in the timely consideration of fertility preservation.

Objective To investigate the effect of astrocyte-derived microparticles on intracellular free calcium concentration in umbilical vein endothelial cells (UVECs).Methods Brain astrocytes were first isolated from 24 h new-born Sprague-Dawley rats and cultured in vitro.Then,they were stimulated with calcium ionophore,A23187,and microparticles were extracted by fractional centrifugation and verified by electron microscopy.UVECs cultured in vitro were divided into control group,nimotop group,and low,median and high concentrations ofmicroparticles groups;cells from nimotop group were pretreated with 10 μL nimotop for 10 min;cells from the later 4 groups were given 1×108,0.5×108,1×108,and 2× 108/mL microparticles respectively;cells from the control group were given the same volume of medium.Ten min after cultivation,they were loaded with fluorescent probe Fluo3-AM,respectively.Later,the concentration of Ca2+ in UVECs was measured by confocal laser scanning microscope and flow cytometry.Results The isolation and in vitro culture methods for rat astrocytes provided stable and reliable results.With A23187 stimulation and fractional centrifugation,astrocyte derived microparticles were available for extraction.Laser scanning confocal microscope indicated that the intracellular fluorescence intensity in the control group was the lowest;after incubating UVECs with low,median and high concentrations of astrocyte-derived microparticles,the intracellular fluorescence intensity increased,and it increased following the concentrations of astrocyte-derived microparticles;pretreatment with nimotop could moderately decrease the intracellular fluorescence intensity,but that in the nimotop group was still higher than that in the control group.The mean fluorescence values for intracellular free Ca2+ were 51 866,57 996 and 73 630,respectively,in the low,median and high concentrations of microparticles groups,which showed statistically significant increase as compared with that from the control group (45 759,P＜0.05).When nimotop was applied to the cells,it blocked the influx of calcium ions and the measured value was significantly changed to 49843,enjoying significant difference as compared with that from the low,median and high concentrations of microparticles groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion Astrocyte-derived microparticles are capable of increasing the intracellular free calcium concentration in UVECs,and the effects can be blocked by nimotop.

Urine is produced from the urinary system, and urinary cell-free DNA (cfDNA) carries genomic DNA directly secreted from urinary system.Urine samples are non-invasive, unlimited in quantity and easy to obtain, making urinary cfDNA a promising biomarker for urologic diseases.This article reviews the progress of clinical application of urinary cfDNA in urologic diseases.

ObjectiveTo explore the pharmacodynamic effect of the water extract of Citri Grandis exocarpium （WEC） on mice with alcohol-induced acute liver injury and provide data support for the development of this medicinal for anti-alcoholism and liver protection. MethodThe main components of WEC were determined by high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. Sixty Balb/c mice were randomized into 6 groups： control group （equal volume of 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium solution）， model group （equal volume of 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium solution）， low-， medium-， and high-dose WEC groups （0.5， 1.0， 2.0 g·kg^-1）， and Haiwang Jinzun tablet positive control group （2.0 g·kg^-1）. The administration lasted 14 days. One day before the end of the administration， mice were fasted for 12 h with free access to water. The mice， except the control group， were given 56° Chinese liquor （13 mL·kg^-1）. After 2 h， blood was taken from eyeballs and the liver was dissected and weighed. Automatic biochemical analyzer was employed to detect the expression of alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， and alcohol dehydrogenase （ADH）. The pathological changes of liver tissues were observed based on hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， and apoptosis of hepatocytes based on TUNEL/DAB staining. The expression of proteins related to apoptosis was detected by Western blot. ResultAccording to the HPLC fingerprint， the main components of WEC were rhoifolin and naringin. Compared with the control group， the model group showed increase in liver/body weight ratio （P<0.01） and the expression of ALT and AST （P<0.05， P<0.01）， decrease in the expression of ADH （P<0.05）， blurred structure of hepatic lobules， pathological changes of liver tissue， loose cytoplasm with edema， severe steatosis， rise of the TUNEL-positive rate （P<0.01）， reduction in expression of Bcl-2 （P<0.01）， and increase in Bax and Caspase-3 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， medium-dose WEC lowered liver/body weight ratio （P<0.05）. All doses of WEC depressed the activity of ALT and AST （P<0.05， P<0.01）， up-regulated the expression of ADH （P<0.05）， significantly improved the pathological features of alcohol-induced cytoplasmic porosity， edema， and steatosis， down-regulated the TUNEL-positive rate （P<0.05， P<0.01）， enhanced the expression of Bcl-2 （P<0.05）， and decreased Bax and Caspase-3 （P<0.01）. ConclusionWEC regulates the expression of ALT， AST， and ADH and improves hepatic steatosis and hepatocyte apoptosis to fight against acute liver injury.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the effect of electric coagulation through bronchoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of congenital vallecular cyst in children.

METHODTen cases of congenital vallecular cyst in the study with age ranged from 21 days to 4 years and 10 months were treated with electric coagulation through bronchoscopy. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by endoscopic and clinical manifestation. And all the patients were followed-up for 6-12 months.

RESULTAll the patients obtained 3-5 times electric coagulation. After the operation, the cyst decreased in size, epiglottis softening was subsided, uplift uncompression, dyspnea and laryngeal stridor were improved obviously. After follow-up periods of 6-12 months, no capsule wall were left, and the activity of the epiglottis resumed.No severe complication was found in any patient.

CONCLUSIONElectric coagulation through bronchoscopy is a simple, effective and safe method to treat congenital vallecular cyst in children.

Bronchoscopy ; methods ; Child, Preschool ; Cysts ; congenital ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Dyspnea ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Electrocoagulation ; Epiglottis ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Laryngeal Diseases ; congenital ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Male ; Respiratory Sounds ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Algorithms ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Disulfides ; chemistry ; Models, Molecular ; Protein Conformation ; Proteins ; chemistry