Objective To clone a new liver cancer associated gene, and to explore the molecular basis of liver cancer genesis. Methods Using mRNA differential display polymerase chain reaction (DDPCR), we investigated the difference in mRNA expression between primary hepatocellular carcinoma and paracarcinoma liver tissue, and achieved a gene probe. The target gene expression was proved in parent tissue by Northern blot. Screening the placenta cDNA library, we got a full length cDNA of this gene. By GST fusion protein methods, we prepared the special polyantibody of C end of the gene. We identified the polyantibody and the expression of this gene by Western blot method. Results We obtained a full length cDNA of proline riched cancer associated gene, and we have prepared the specific polyantibody of this gene. Conclusion The obtaining of a novel liver cancer associated gene and successful preparation of the polyantibody pave the way for further study on gene therapy for liver cancer.

Hepatic vein hemorrhage and air embolism are easily caused during the resection of the tumor involving the second hepatic hilum.Hepatic vein occlusion has been proven to decrease this risk,while classic selective hepatic vein occlusion with tourniquet is technique demanding.We modified the classic method by using Satinsky clamp in hepatic vein dissection and occlusion.Based on the clinical data of 220 patients who received hepatic vein occlusion with tourniquet and 330 patients with Satinsky clamp,we proved that hepatic vein occlusion with Satinsky clamp is simpler,safer and with high success rate.

Objective To improve the diagnosis and treatment of hepatic angiomyolipoma. Methods Retrospective analysis was made on 8 cases of hepatic angiomyolipoma in terms of clinical findings,image,pathologic examination and surgical treatment.Results Correct preoperative disgnosis was made in only 1 case, 4 were misdiagnosed as malignancy. All 8 cases underwent hepatectomy with an uneventful recovery and without recurrence at follow up.Conclusions Hepatic angiomyolipoma is characteristic of clinical as well as image features, although it is often difficult to make correct diagnosis before operation owing to low incidence and variable imaging appearances.

Objective To explore the clinical features and sum up the laws of the hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) in its diagnosis and treatment. Methods FNH was an uncommon benign hepatic tumor that often posed diagnostic dilemmas. We analyzed retrospectively the clinical, imaging of ultrasound, imaging of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance images (MRI), and pathological materials of 21 patients with FNH proven by the pathological diagnosis during 5 years from April 1996 through April 2001 in two hospitals. Results The diagnosis of FNH remained a challenge for clinicians and surgeons. Rate of correct diagnosis of FNH was low preoperatively (19.0%). The lesions of FNH were seen in males and females (m/f: 14/7). Only three female patients (3/7) had the history of taking oral contraceptive. Patients with FNH were largely young and middle age persons (81.0% under 50 years), discovered by accident (57.1%), without infection of the hepatitis B virus (95.2%) and with normal liver functions (100%) and serum AFP levels (100%). Color Doppler ultrasound showed blood vessels passing through the lesion (80.0%) and there was abundant in blood (66.7%). CT scan showed that the lesion had transient immediate enhancement in 60.0% of patients and had homogeneous signal in 60.0% after bolus injection. MR imaging demonstrated early vigorous enhancement (64.3%), homogenous signal (57.1%) and having central scar (35.7%) in the lesion. The demonstration of a central scar in the lesion was very helpful for the diagnosis of FNH. MRI was more helpful for the diagnosis of FNH using liver specific contrast agents: superparamagnetic iron oxide(SPIO). All patients underwent focus resection (18 cases) or segmentectomy (2 cases), except one having no treatment. Conclusion FNH shows some typical clinical and imaging features. We could increase the rate of correct diagnosis by comprehensively analyzing the clinical and imaging materials. It is very important and necessary to determine a definite diagnosis of FNH, hepatic adenoma (HA) and primary liver cancer (PLC) preoperatively, because the HA and PLC must be surgically resected, FNH can only be followed up.

Total caudate lobectomy via anterior hepatic transection is still a new technique to resect the tumor in the caudate lobe,which is mastered only by few surgeons.The procedure was successfully performed on a 21-year old patient with focal nodular hyperplasia in caudate lobe.The right and left lobes were first mobilized,then the short hepatic veins were dissected to detach the caudate lobe from the retrohepatic vena cava.Then the liver was split anteriorly and the partial middle lobe was resected.With this process,the tumor was in the sight and we dissected it from the liver parenchyma.The inflow blood was occluded 3 times with a period of 29,27 and 27 minutes,respectively,with an interval of 5 minutes.The total blood loss during operation was 1000 ml.The patient recovered quickly without any complications.The technique for caudate lobectomy via anterior hepatic transection can improve the success rate and safety of caudate lobectomy and deserve clinical consideration.

Objective: To study the influence of preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) by selection on survival rate of resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Methods: Jan. 1996 to Jan. 1997, TACE was performed before surgery in 62 of 126 patients undergoing resection and the other 64 patients without TACE from. Results were retrospectively analyzed with regard to the changes of pathological examination after operation, recurrence rate and survival rate 1, 2, 3 years after operation. Results: Pathological examination showed that there were 13 total necrosis in TACE group, but no one in contrast group. There were no significant difference of recurrence rate 1, 3 years after operation between 2 groups. Recurrence rate 2 years after operation was 29.8% in TACE group, but 58.3% in contrast group. There were significant difference of recurrence rate 2 years after operation between 2 groups (P<0.05). Survival rate 3 years after operation was 54.4% in TACE group, but 33.3% in contrast group. Survival rate of TACE group was higher than that of contrast group (P<0.05). There were not significant difference of recurrence rate 1, 2 years after operation between 2 groups. Conclusion: Proper preoperative TACE for resectable HCC can improve the outcome of the operation to some extent.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of IL-18 gene on HCC growth in vivo. MethodsThe recombinant adenovirus vector containing IL-18 gene was constructed and cotransfected into 293 cells together with EcoT22 I-digested Ad5 DNA-TPC, the recombinant adenoviruses were generated, and injected into a rat model bearing HCC. Results The recombinant adenovirus vector containing IL-18 gene inhibited the proliferation of HCC cell line CBRH 3. The rats receiving IL-18 gene injection within 3 days after inoculation of CBRH 3 all had long term survival, while those injected at day 5 or 7 survived a limited longer period than control groups (P

Objective To evaluate the approaches and surgical technique for resection of the lesions occupying different parts of the caudate lobe of the liver. Methods The clinical data of cases undergoing resection of lesions originating in the caudate lobe were retrospectively analysed. The operative procedures were chosen according to lesion location. Results A total of 32 patients were operated on. The surgical technique included left, right and anterior transhepatic approach. The mean operative time was (198?73)min (range 60～345 min) and the mean intraoperative blood loss (917?914)ml (range 100～4?500 ml). There was no operative death, with complications occurring in 4 patients (12%). The patients with benign hepatic tumor are all alive after operation and the 1, 2, 3 and 4 year survival rates for the patients with malignant hepatic tumor were 87%, 59%, 43% and 43%, respectively. Conclusion Resection of the caudate lobe lesions different both in sizes and locations varies greatly in operative complexity, with combined hepatectomy being most difficult. Bilateral surgical approaches are suitable for almost all caudate lobectomies.

Retrograde caudate lobectomy is a proper technique to resect the tumor in caudate lobe when the tumor is too big or closely adherent to the inferior vena cava.A male patient aged 44 years was admitted to the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital in November 2007.The ligaments around the liver were firstly dissected to mobilize the whole liver,and the right hepatic pedicle was dissected and ligated,then the liver was splited anteriorly along the Cantlie's line.The tumor was opposed in the sight and then it was dissected from the liver parenchyma.The short hepatic veins were ligated and the tumor was detached from the inferior vena cava.The inflow blood was occluded for 19 minutes,and the total blood loss was 4500 ml.The technique of retrograde caudate lobectomy can improve the success rate and safety of caudate lobectomy when the tumor in the caudate lobe is too large or adherent to the inferior vena cava.

0.05). The peak of NAA was significantly different between high grade glioma and metastatic carcinoma(P0.05). The peak of AA was characteristic of brain abscess. The ratio of Cho/Cr0 in brain abscess was significantly lower than those in high grade glioma and metastatic carcinoma(P