Objective To investigate the relationship between Livin and Ki-67 proteins, and the expres-sion and clinical significance of Livin and Ki-67 proteins in cholangiocarcinoma. Methods Fifty-five samples of cholangiocarcinoma tissue were collected in Shengjing Hospital from January 2002 to December 2003. The expres-sion of Livin and Ki-67 proteins in the 55 samples of cholangiocarcinoma tissue and 12 samples of chronic cholan-gitis tissue were detected by immunohistochemical assay. The relationship between the expression of Livin and Ki-67 proteins and the clinicopathological parameters of cholangiocarcinoma was analyzed. The results were analyzed by Spearman rank correlation coefficient, chi-square test and t test. Results The positive expression rate of Livin protein in cholangiocarcinoma was 71% (39/55), which was significantly higher than 0 (0/12)in chronic cholan-girls tissue (χ2=20.361, P<0.01). The expression of Livin protein was influenced by the differentiation of cholangiocarcinoma and the lymph node metastasis (χ2=4.193, 4.245, P <0.05). The positive expression rate of Ki-67 protein was 96% (53/55) in cholangiocarcinoma. The label index of Ki-67 in patients in clinical stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,were 22%±16%, 33%±12%, 43%±15%, and 49%±10%, respectively. There was signifi-cant difference in the label index of Ki-67 between patients in clinical stage Ⅰ and those in clinical stages Ⅱ, Ⅲ,Ⅳ(t=2.307, 2.871, 3.957, P<0.05). The label index of Ki-67 was 43%±13 % in patients with local lymph node metastasis, and 34%±16% in patients without local lymph node metastasis, with statistical difference between the 2 groups (t=2.334, P<0.05). The expression of Livin protein in cholangiocarcinoma was positively correlated with the label index of Ki-67 (r=0.502, P<0.01). Conclusions Livin protein plays an important role in the pathogenesis and development of eholangiocarcinoma, and it also has correlation with the proliferating activity of cholangiocarcinoma cells. Combined detection of the expression of Livin and Ki-67 proteins may be helpful in judging the malignancy of cholangiocarcinoma and determining the prognosis of patients.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of post-conditioning in brain injury induced by myocardial I/R on inflammatory factor and GFAP.Methods:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups (n=8):group Sham,group IR,group IPost.Myocardial IR was induced by occlusion of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery for 30 min.group IPost received 3 cycles of 10 s reperfusion followed by 10 s ischemia at the end of myocardial ischemia.The rats were sacrificed at 120 rain of reperfusion and the brains were removed for microscopic examination,inflammatory factors and GFAP.Results:Compared with group Sham,IL-6,IL-8 were significantly increased,IL-10 was down-regulated in group IR(P＜0.01).Post-conditioning can decrease IL-6,IL-8 and up-regulated IL-10(P＜0.01).When compared with group Sham,the expression of GFAP was higher in group IR(P＜0.05),however,the GFAP in group IPost is the most among these three groups(P＜0.01).Conclusion:Post-conditioning could protect brain by decreasing inflammatory factors,increasing GFAP,which both from brain injury induced by myocardial ischemia reperfusion.

Objective To investigate the effects of two different dosages of dexmedetomidine on short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials (SLSEP)in intracranial surgery.Methods Forty pa-tients,ASA Ⅰor Ⅱ,aged 20-65 years old,selected for intracranial surgery were randomly divided in-to two groups,20 patients in each group.Bolus dose of 0.5 μg/kg dexmedetomidine was infused within first 10 min and followed by continuous infusion of 0.5 μg·kg-1·h-1 for 10 min in group A;Bolus dose of 1.0 μg/kg dexmedetomidine was infused within first 10 mins and followed by continu-ous infusion of 1.0 μg·kg-1·h-1 for 10 min in group B.SLSEP indications include N20-P25 amplitute and N20 latent period were observed.MAP,HR,N20-P25 amplitute and N20 latent period were re-corded respectively before dexmedetomidine adminstraition (T0 )and 20 mins after dexmedetomidine adminstraition (T1 ).Results Compared with T0 ,MAP and HR at T1 significantly decreased in both groups(P <0.05).N20-P25 amplitude had no statistically significant difference in both groups,while N20 latent period significantly prolonged (P <0.05).Conclusion Both doses of 0.5 μg/kg and 1.0μg/kg dexmedetomidine can significantly prolong the latent period of N20.

Comparing the patients with type 2 diabetes and the control and using the animal models,the researchers have found some disease related proteins and the marks for disease detection.They have set some new detection methods and give us a special view into type 2 diabetes.We do some primary discussions about recent studies and future development directions in the proteomics study of type 2 diabetes in this article.

Objective: To optimize and establish the best hydrolysis method of diethyl ester 4-amino-N5-formyl-N8,N10-dideazatetrahydrofolate through the optimization of simple compound of diethyl N-(4-aminobenzoyl)-L-glutamate.Methods: To increase the low yield of hydrolysis reaction of diethyl ester 4-amino-N5-formyl-N8,N10-dideazatetrahydrofolate due to the by-products and difficult purification, we studied the effect of NaOH and KOH, two kinds of alkalis, three concentrations between 0.175-1 mol/L and five types of reaction time involved in 20, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min on the common side chain diethyl N-(4-aminobenzoyl)-L-glutamate.A high performance liquid chromatography was established for measuring the target product and the by-products in reaction liquid in different reaction conditions.Finally, on the basis of the best hydrolysis method of diethyl ester 4-amino-N5-formyl-N8,N10-dideazatetrahydrofolate, we completed the optimization of the hydrolysis reaction conditions of diethyl ester 4-amino-N5-formyl-N8,N10-dideazatetrahydrofolate.Results: We developed the best reaction condition for the hydrolysis of diethyl ester 4-amino-N5-formyl-N8,N10-dideazatetrahydrofolate, which could be carried out easily and efficiently.The results indicated that treated with the optimized condition of 0.3 mol/L KOH in 60 min at the room temperature, diethyl ester 4-amino-N5-formyl-N8,N10-dideazatetrahydrofolate was converted into its diacid derivative in 95.6 % yield, which turned to be a better reaction condition compared with the previous reaction condition.The structures of those compounds were identified to be correct by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance(1H NMR), 13C nuclear magnetic resonance(13C NMR) and electrospray ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (ESI-MS).The purity of the diacid derivative of the compound was determined to be 96% by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The new hydrolysis reaction condition could not only avoid the formation of single ester hydrolysis product and amide bond hydrolysis product, but also improve the yield of the hydrolysis reaction.Conclusion: We have developed an efficient reaction for the hydrolysis of diethyl ester 4-amino-N5-formyl-N8,N10-dideazatetrahydro.Since the final step of the synthesis of classical folic acid antagonists is always the catalyzed hydrolysis of the side chain glutamate, the reaction also has great significance for anti-folic acid anti-tumor inhibitors synthesis.

To popularization and improvement of on-the-spot rescueability is a vital means to reduce the accidental disability rate and the mortality rate,which is also a prospective concept of health.To popularize on-the -spot rescue knowledge and to improve self and mutual medical aid is a strongly public welfare and is the manifestation of social responsibility as well as respect for life.Based onthe investigation of on-the-spot rescue ability among three higher vocational college students in Shaanxi,this paper pointed out that the popularity rate of on-the -spot rescue knowledge was low among higher vocational college students,which no longer kept pace with the demand of social development and occupational requirement.It also analyzed the importance and urgency of improving higher vocational students'on-the-spot rescue ability from the perspective of social ethics.Strengthening the propaganda and training self-rescue skills might be a possible way to enhance students' on-the-spot rescue ability.

Objective To investigate the relationship between day-night rhythm of blood pressure and left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH) in the elderly with hypertension. Methods According to the result of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring,60 patients were divided into two groups of normal day-night rhythm(n=34) and abnormal day-night rhythm(n=26).All patients were performed ultrasonic cardiography.The interventricular septal thickness(IVST),the left ventricular end diastolic dimension(LVDd)and the left ventricular posterior wall thickness(LVPWT) were recorded,and the left ventricular mass(LVM) and the left ventricular mass index(LVMI) were calculated according to the Devereux formula. Results There were no significant differences in age,body mass index,serum total cholesterol,triglyceride,fasting blood glucose,24 h mean systolic blood pressure,24 h mean diastolic blood pressure,day time mean systolic blood pressure,day time mean diastolic blood pressure,IVST and LVDd between the the two groups.However,there were significant differences in night time mean systolic blood pressure,night time mean diastolic blood pressure,LVPWT,LVM and LVMI between the two groups(P

Objective To develop an HPLC combined with gradient elution method for the determination of the contents of paeoniflorin, 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucosid, gastrodin, ferulic acid, acteoside, liquiritin, tanshinone IIA, specnuezhenide, imperatorin, rutinum, wedelolactone, and emod in Tianma Shouwu Pills (TSP) at the same time. Methods The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Hypersil GOLD C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with acetonitrile (A)-0.1% phosphoric acid solution (B) as mobile phase at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min for gradient elution; sample quantity was 10 μL. Results The linear relation between peak area and concentration of the twelve active components were good, which were 3.12-31.20 μg/mL (r = 0.999 5) paeoniflorin, 4.98-49.80 μg/mL (r = 0.999 4) 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucosid, 1.05-10.50 μg/mL (r = 0.999 5) gastrodin, 0.99-9.90 μg/mL (r = 0.999 2) ferulic acid, 1.11-11.10 μg/mL (r = 0.999 2) acteoside, 3.24-32.40 μg/mL (r = 0.999 2) liquiritin, 3.63-36.30 μg/mL (r = 0.999 2) tanshinone IIA, 1.13-11.30 μg/mL (r = 0.999 3) specnuezhenide, 1.9-19.0 μg/mL (r = 0.999 5) imperatorin, 1.55-15.50 μg/mL (r = 0.999 5) rutinum, 1.48-14.80 μg/mL (r = 0.999 5) wedelolactone, and 102.8-1028.0μg/mL (r = 0.9999) emodin. The precision and repeatability were good, and RSD values were less than 2.0%. Moreover, the average recoveries and the corresponding RSD values were 99.88% (1.55%), 101.25% (0.98%), 99.67% (1.29%), 102.04% (1.17%), 101.17% (1.67%), 98.27% (1.51%), 100.28% (1.20%), 99.11% (0.95%), 98.49% (1.67%), 101.57% (0.94%), 102.37% (0.58%), and 97.89% (0.69%), respectively. The contents of 12 batches of the 12 active components were 1.241-1.261, 2.116-2.133, 0.540-0.558, 0.077-0.099, 0.089-0.110, 1.111-1.134, 0.158-0.183, 1.375-1.399, 0.342-0.372, 0.542-0.571, 0.648-0.672, and 45.05-45.93 mg/g. Conclusion An HPLC combined with gradient elution method has been successfully established for simultaneous determination of 12 components in TSP. The method is simple, quick, accurate, and helpful for the quality control of TSP.

Objective To observe the effects of citalopram and physical therapy on poststroke depression(PSD).Methods72 patients with PSD were randomly divided into medicine group(n=36)and control group(n=36).The patients in the control group were treated only with physical therapy and the patients in the medicine group were treated with Citalopram and physical therapy.All patients were assessed with Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale(ZSDS)and Modified Barthel index(MBI)before and after treatment.ResultsAfter treatment,the Zung score in both groups decreased significantly(P<0.01).Meanwhile,the medicine group showed significantly less depression than the control group(P<0.05).The score of MBI was also significantly increased after treatment(P<0.01)in both group,but there was no significant difference between two groups(P>0.05).ConclusionCitalopram combined with physical therapy is effective on PSD.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of shear wave elastography on deep venous thrombosis in different stage.Methods Models of rabbits'deep venous thrombosis have been established to noninvasively measure Young's moduli of thrombosis in day 1 ,4,7,10 and 14 respectively by shear wave elastography.Results The elastic modulus of thrombosis increased with increment of the stages of thrombosis.Specifically,the mean Young's moduli of thrombosis increased from (4.0±1 .42)kPa (day 1)to (25.71 ±6.09)kPa (day 14),with statistical differences between each two observation time points (P <0.05).Conclusions Shear wave elastography can effectively reflect the elasticity of thrombosis in different stages,and the stage of thrombosis can be estimated judging by quantitative ultrasound elasticity preliminarily.